Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

Y Komatsu

Publications and source records attributed to Y Komatsu.

At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[The effects of sairei-tô on nephrotoxic serum nephritis in rats--possible effects on intraglomerular cell mediated immunity].

Sairei-tô, one of the herb drugs, has been demonstrated to have several effects. Clinically, evidence have been accumulated showing that sairei-tô has been able to reduce the frequency of relapse in minimal change nephrotic syndrome. It has also found that sairei-to has improved proteinurial in minimal change nephrotic syndrome as well as chronic glomerulonephritis in man. Although the mechanism of such effects is still unclear, it is supposed that its immune modulating actions that has been reported. In this study, we quantitated the number of intrarenal Ia positive cells and T cells in nephrotoxic nephritis in rats in order to clarify the intrarenal immune actions of sairei-tô on immune mediated glomerulonephritis. Four groups of rats with nephrotoxic nephritis were experimented on. The first group was the controlled group, had no treatment whatsoever. The second group was administered with MPSL (solu-medrol 20 mg/kg, alternate day). The fourth group with both sairei-tô and MPSL. The level of proteinuria in three groups treated was almost the same, that is, less than that of controlled group. On light microscopy, sairei-tô suppressed glomerular inflammation such as endocapillary proliferative lesions and mesangial expansion, which were shown in controlled group. The histological improvement was almost the found in rats treated with MPSL and both. Sairei-tô suppressed infiltrations of intraglomerular Ia positive cells (P less than 0.01) and T cells (P less than 0.01) on the 7th day and 14th day as well. Remarkable suppression of T cells infiltration was noted in rats treated with MPSL along with sairei-to on the 14th day (P less than 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical characteristics of unstable angina in 162 consecutive cases].

We surveyed the clinical characteristics, treatment, and prognosis of 162 patients with unstable angina, who were admitted to our center between 1985 and 1987. There were 112 males and 50 females, with a mean age of 65 years. The clinical characteristics according to the American Heart Association classification were new angina of effort in 21%, changing pattern in 61%, and new angina at rest in 18% of the patients. ECG recordings during attacks of angina were obtained in 70%, and ST elevation was detected in 11%, ST depression in 54%, and T wave abnormality in 5%. Coronary arteriography performed in 42% of the patients revealed single vessel lesion in 21%, two vessel lesion in 10%, three vessel lesion in 5%, and left main trunk lesion in 3% of the patients. Seventy-seven percent of the patients were controlled by medical therapy, including nitrates, calcium antagonists, and, in some cases, beta blockades. Three percent of the patients were controlled with intra aortic balloon pumping in addition to medical therapy. Coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) was performed in 6% of the patients. Since 1987, percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTCA) was introduced in our center and PTCA was performed in 9 patients (6%). Restenosis of the dilated portions of the coronary artery was observed and PTCA was again performed in 2 of 9 patients (22%). All patients who received CABG or PTCA survived and have been free from angina or myocardial infarction. Non-fatal myocardial infarction occurred in 10 cases (5.6%) and fatal infarction occurred in one patient (0.6%).

Angina Pectoris↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical effects and plasma concentration levels of aprindine hydrochloride in patients with tachyarrhythmias].

Aprindine hydrochloride (aprindine) was administered orally in 17 Japanese patients with supraventricular or ventricular tachyarrhythmias, and the clinical effects and plasma concentration levels were evaluated. The antiarrhythmic effects were defined using Holter ECG recordings. Aprindine was administered orally with a daily dose of 40 mg for 2 weeks in all cases, and aprindine, 60 mg daily, was administered for the next 2 weeks in patients who did not show sufficient antiarrhythmic effects with 40 mg of the drug. Aprindine was effective in 9 of 17 patients, and the mean plasma concentration level reached 0.6 micrograms/ml 2 weeks after the administration was started. Effective results were seen in 2 of the 4 patients receiving a daily dose of 60 mg, and the mean plasma concentration level reached 1.0 microgram/ml 2 weeks after the administration was started. Transient mild elevations of liver transaminases were observed in one patient and mild transient anemia was observed in another. These abnormal data disappeared although the drug administration was continued. In conclusion, the administration of a relatively small dose of aprindine and, consequently, low plasma concentration levels, are effective for cardiac tachyarrhythmias in Japanese patients.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1989

[A case of mitral stenosis with left atrial thrombus arose and reduced in a short-term].

A case of mitral stenosis with left atrial thrombus which rapidly arose and reduced within a month was reported. A 61-year-old female was admitted to our hospital on November 14, 1986 because of a syncopal attack due to ventricular tachycardia. On admission she had typical auscultatory signs of mitral stenosis, mild hepatomegaly and no neurological abnormality. Laboratory findings included coagulation studies were normal, and atrial fibrillation was noted on ECG. Heart catheterization revealed low cardiac output, the mitral orifice area to be 2.4 cm2 and left ventriculography showed mild mitral regurgitation. Ventricular tachycardia was controlled following improvement of heart failure. On two-dimensional echocardiography performed on December 24, left atrial thrombus was revealed which was not detected on December 3. Through the continuous administration of warfarin and aspirin to prevent the thrombus' growth, it markedly reduced in size, from 3 x 2 x 4.5 cm on December 24, 1986 to 1.5 x 1 x 2.5 cm on January 30, 1987 without systemic embolism. Then a mitral valve replacement and a left atrial thrombectomy were performed on February 3, with the removal of a red thrombus, partially organized, measuring 1 x 0.7 x 2.5 cm. This case is unique in its clinical outcome and further investigation is necessary for the management of patients as our case.

Aspirin↗
PubMed1989

Immunosuppressive principles of Rehmannia glutinosa var. hueichingensis.

Separation of the immunosuppressive principles from Rehmanniae radix was done by monitoring hemolytic plaque-forming cells (HPFC) inhibitory activity to give two new phenethyl alcohol glycosides: jionosides A1 (4) and B1 (5), along with six known compounds: acetoside, isoacteoside, purpureaside C, echinacoside, and cistanosides A and F.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Molecular cloning of eel growth hormone cDNA and its expression in Escherichia coli.

cDNA clones coding for growth hormone (eGH) of Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica) have been isolated from a cDNA library prepared from pituitary gland poly(A)+ RNA. The nucleotide sequence of the eGH cDNA was determined. It codes for the prehormone of 209 amino acids (aa) including a putative signal peptide of 19 aa. The deduced amino acid sequence was identical with that determined for eGH protein. The primary structure of eGH was compared with those of other species growth hormones (chum salmon, chicken, rat, and human). Mature eGH was expressed in Escherichia coli harboring a plasmid in which the eGH cDNA was under control of the phage lambda pL promoter. Recombinant eGH polypeptide was immunoreactive to rabbit antiserum against natural eGH. Furthermore, eGH derivative with amino-terminal deletion (delta 1-3 eGH) was produced in E. coli reaching up to 5% of total cellular proteins.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1988

Synaptic action of layer I fibers on cells in cat striate cortex.

The synaptic action of layer I (LI) and white matter (WM) fibers in cat striate cells was studied intracellularly in slice preparations. LI stimulation produced excitation only in layer II-III and V cells, and inhibition broadly in layer II-VI cells. WM stimulation produced both excitation and inhibition in most cortical cells. Kynurenate, a glutamate antagonist, strongly depressed WM-evoked excitation, but it left LI-evoked excitation considerably unaffected.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Intracortical connectivity revealed by spike-triggered averaging in slice preparations of cat visual cortex.

Intracortical connectivity was studied in slice preparations of cat's visual cortex by spike-triggered averaging. The experiments documented the unitary postsynaptic potentials underlying the inhibitory and excitatory connections from layer III-IV border cells to supragranular cells, as demonstrated previously by cross-correlation studies. In addition the analysis demonstrated the existence of two excitatory connections, between supragranular and layer V cells, that were not detectable in previous cross-correlation studies.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

F response abnormality in Parkinson's disease.

The F response was recorded from the 1st dorsal interosseous muscle (1st DI) and two antagonistic muscles, the flexor digitorum brevis (FDB) and the extensor digitorum brevis (EDB), in 16 patients with Parkinson's disease and 22 age-matched normal controls. In Parkinson's disease, the F responses from the 1st DI and the FDB occurred more frequently with a longer duration and a greater number of phases in comparison with the normal controls. In addition, the coefficient of variation of onset latency was significantly smaller in Parkinson's disease. On the other hand, the F response recorded from the EDB showed the same tendency as that from the FDB, but not to a significant extent. These findings suggest that the excitability of the spinal motor neurons is enhanced in rigid parkinsonian patients. It thus seems reasonable to assume that the main underlying cause of rigidity is an excessive supraspinal drive to the spinal motor neurons, including an increase in motoneuron excitability.

Anterior Horn Cells↗
PubMed1988

Long-term potentiation of synaptic transmission in kitten visual cortex.

1. Potentiation of synaptic transmission in visual cortex (areas 17 and 18) of kittens was investigated by extracellular recording of field potentials (FPs) and cortical units in cortical slices and whole-animal preparations. Responses to test stimulation (0.05 Hz) of the white matter (WM), lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN), and optic chiasm (OC) were documented before and after conditioning stimulation (2 Hz for 1 h). 2. In slice preparations of area 17, the FPs were always depressed during conditioning stimulation and were usually potentiated immediately after conditioning stimulation. Long-term potentiation (LTP) of FPs developed rapidly during the initial 1-2 h and continued to increase slowly for several hours after conditioning. 3. LTP of FPs was age dependent: LTP occurred most frequently (43/53) at the ages of 21-34 days, less frequently (4/7 and 5/11) at 14-20 and 35-41 days, and never (0/5 and 0/5) at 7-13 and 42-49 days. LTP age relationship determined as a ratio of the amplitudes of FPs after conditioning to that before conditioning was greater at 21-34 days (mean potentiation, 2.4 +/- 0.6) than at 14-20 or 35-41 days (1.7 +/- 0.5). 4. LTP was also documented by the shortening in latencies of orthodromic responses of cortical units sampled from 10 pairs of conditioned and unconditioned control slices. Unit responses were classified into mono- and polysynaptic groups according to the central delay, defined as the time required for their activation after the arrival of afferent impulses. The monosynaptic central delays were 0.22 ms shorter in conditioned (0.60 +/- 0.17 ms, n = 56) than in control slices (0.82 +/- 0.22 ms, n = 57); similarly, polysynaptic central delays were 0.66 ms smaller (1.70 +/- 0.43 ms, n = 51; and 2.36 +/- 0.79 ms, n = 51). Both differences were statistically significant (P less than 0.001). 5. There were laminar differences in LTP of mono- and polysynaptic transmission. LTP of monosynaptic transmission occurred throughout layers II-V (central delays shortened about 0.2 ms), whereas LTP of polysynaptic transmission was greatest in layer II (1.17 ms), moderate in layer III (0.66 ms), and slight in layer IV (0.3 ms). The time course of shortening in orthodromic latency in five polysynaptic units agreed with the time course of LTP of FP. 6. Location of synapses involved in LTP of synaptic transmission was studied by current source-density (CSD) analysis in slice preparations of area 17 during test stimulation of WM. CSD analysis demonstrated two components of current sinks (early and late), probably representing mono- and polysynaptic transmission.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1988

cis-Halovinylthioacetamido side chain, a new effective structural element for 7 beta-substitution in cephem and oxacephem antibiotics. II. 7 beta-cis-Fluorovinylthioacetamino-7 alpha-methoxy-1-oxacephems.

The synthesis and in vitro activity of 1-oxacephem derivatives having a substituted or a non-substituted cis-fluorovinylthioacetamido side chain at C-7 are described. Of these new 1-oxacephem antibiotics, 2355-S (42a) shows good antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, and very favorable pharmacokinetic properties.

Microbial Sensitivity Tests↗
PubMed1988

[Effects of etidronate disodium (EHDP) on urogenital malignancies with bone metastasis: a multicentered collaborative evaluation].

Clinical effects of EHDP on relief of bone pain, changes in bone lesions on X-ray and 99mTc-MDP scintigram and performance status were investigated in 19 patients with bone metastasis from urogenital cancers (4 renal cell cancers, 1 renal pelvic cancer, 4 bladder cancers and 10 prostatic cancers). EHDP was effective in relieving bone pain in prostatic cancer patients with osteoblastic lesions. Bone lesions on X-ray and 99mTc-MDP scintigram were slightly improved in prostatic cancer patients with osteoblastic lesions. Administration of EHDP did not improve the performance status. Changes in laboratory data such as serum alkaline phosphatase, serum calcium and urinary total hydroxy-proline following EHDP administration indicated inhibition of osteolytic activity with no effect on bone formation in the early period of treatment (in 4 weeks) and development of both osteolytic activity and bone formation in the later period (from 8 to 12 weeks). No marked side effects were observed. EHDP seems to be effective in relieving bone pain in prostatic cancer patients with osteoblastic bone metastasis. Moreover, some diphosphonate groups including EHDP are expected to be useful to the patients with malignant hypercalcemia.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

[Unusual postoperative hemorrhage in a patient with ruptured aneurysm and hemophilia B].

A case of ruptured cerebral aneurysm with hemophilia B is reported, and discussion is made concerning the management of mild type hemophilia in surgical operations. A 41-year-old male came to our hospital with complaints of severe headache, vomiting, and transient consciousness disturbance. His dentist said the patient had a mild bleeding tendency when he was 30 years old, however no postoperative hemorrhage was repeated in appendectomy in his childhood. He also had had no episodes of spontaneous bleeding. CT scan on admission showed subarachnoid hemorrhage, and angiography revealed a ruptured aneurysm at the trifurcation of the left middle cerebral artery. His coagulation screening tests (bleeding time, clotting time, prothrombin time, and activated partial thromboplastin time) were normal. An aneurysmal neck clipping was carried out, and operators did not detect any bleeding tendency during the surgery. CT scan on the next day showed no remarkable finding. On the third postoperative day, right hemiparesis occurred. Left putaminal hemorrhage took place. His coagulation tests and FDP were also normal. The hematoma was partially evacuated. After the second operation his condition was good, and rehabilitation program started. On the 15th hospital day his consciousness deteriorated suddenly, and CT scan showed a massive epidural hematoma on the left. His prothrombin time elongated mildly, but other tests were normal. Coagulation factors VIII and IX were examined and the factor IX was 22.5% of control. He was thought to be a patient with mild type hemophilia B. Despite a third operation for hematoma removal he died on the 20th hospital day. Mild type hemophilia B does not bleed spontaneously.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗