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Biomedical subjects

Y Komachi

Publications and source records attributed to Y Komachi.

85 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
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A low prevalence of coronary heart disease among subjects with increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, including those with plasma cholesteryl ester transfer protein deficiency.

BACKGROUND: Use of genetic analysis may improve the predictive value of risk factors for disease. A high plasma level of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol is a strong negative risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD). Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) deficiency causes increased levels of HDL cholesterol. However, recent studies suggest that CETP deficiency is a risk factor for CHD despite elevated HDL cholesterol levels. METHODS: Plasma lipid levels, CHD prevalence, resting electrocardiograms, and common CETP gene mutations were analyzed cross-sectionally in a population of 19,044 male and 29,487 female Japanese subjects (ages 45-79 years). RESULTS: High HDL cholesterol levels (serum HDL cholesterol >/=80 mg/dl, >/=95th percentile) were found in 6 and 5% of Japanese men and women, respectively. In the group with HDL cholesterol >/=80 mg/dl, common CETP gene mutations were identified in 23-24% of men and 31-49% of women. The prevalence of CHD in the group with high HDL cholesterol (>/=80 mg/dl) was low among both men (1.0%) and women (1.3%). There was no difference in CHD prevalence between hyper-HDL-cholesterolemic subjects with and without CETP mutations. CONCLUSIONS: Subjects with very high HDL levels (HDL cholesterol >/=80 mg/dl) as well as mild-to-moderate HDL elevations (60-79 mg/dl) appear to be protected against CHD, whether or not they have CETP deficiency, a genetic cause of elevated HDL.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Secular trends in atherosclerosis of coronary arteries and basal cerebral arteries in Japan. The Akita pathology study.

The atherosclerotic lesions of the coronary arteries and basal cerebral arteries in the circle of Willis were examined in the bodies of decreased men ages 30 and over who had been admitted to a local hospital in northeast Japan during 1966 to 1974 (243 men) and 1975 to 1984 (602 men). The autopsy rates during the two periods were 86% and 89%, respectively. The extent of atherosclerosis was determined blindly by one pathologist using a grading method of cross-sectional stenosis scoring for coronary arteries and Baker's method for basal cerebral arteries. The age-adjusted mean scores for atherosclerosis in the coronary arteries and basal cerebral arteries were 30% and 42% lower, respectively, in the 1975 to 1984 period than in the 1966 to 1974 period (p less than 0.001). There was also a fall in age-adjusted blood pressure levels at admission: 10 mm Hg for systolic and 4 mm Hg for diastolic blood pressure (p less than 0.001). The opposite trend was seen in mean serum cholesterol: a rise from 171 mg/dl to 177 mg/dl (p = 0.018). Linear regression analysis indicated that blood pressure was positively associated with both atherosclerosis scores, controlling for age and serum cholesterol in both time periods (p less than 0.001). The association of serum cholesterol with the atherosclerosis scores was positive in both periods and statistically significant in 1975 to 1984. Similar findings were obtained when the analyses were conducted for cardiovascular disease (myocardial infarction and stroke) and for noncardiovascular disease, separately.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A collaborative study of stroke incidence in Japan: 1975-1979.

A Japan Collaborative Study of Stroke covering 20 regional and occupational population groups was conducted with the support of the Ministry of Health and Welfare. In this study 17,423 males and 16,856 females, aged 40 to 69, were followed up prospectively from 1975 to 1979. The average annual incidence of all types of stroke was 3.94 for men and 2.52 for women per 1,000 population. The incidence of cerebral hemorrhage for men and women stood at 1.26 and 0.59 and that of cerebral infarction at 1.87 and 1.10 respectively. The difference in incidence between the sexes was large particularly in the age range of 40-49. The incidence of all types of stroke, cerebral hemorrhage and cerebral infarction increased with age. The incidence of all strokes in Japan during the period 1975-1979 appears to have decreased in comparison with that in 1960-1969, but tended to be still higher than that in Western countries.

Adult↗