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Biomedical subjects

Y Kohda

Publications and source records attributed to Y Kohda.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Pharmacokinetics of ambenonium, a reversible cholinesterase inhibitor, in rats.

The pharmacokinetics of ambenonium, a reversible cholinesterase inhibitor, in rats was investigated following intravenous administration of the drug. Mean residence time and steady state volume of distribution were 23-36 min and 0.20-0.311 kg-1, respectively, and were dose independent at the dose of 0.3-3 mumole kg-1. Total body clearance of 8.2 ml min-1 kg-1 over 0.3 mumole kg-1 was slightly increased to 11.3 ml min-1 kg-1 at 3 mumole kg-1. Renal clearance was also increased with the increase of the dose, while hepatobiliary clearance was substantially constant. Ambenonium was highly concentrated in the liver, kidney, spleen, and lung. About 30 per cent of the dose is concentrically stored in the liver at 6 h after administration, and had not disappeared after 24 h.

Ambenonium Chloride↗
PubMed1991

[Development and evaluation of the comment aid system for therapeutic drug monitoring. I. Application to valproate].

A comment aid system for therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM), which produces the primary comment on the dosage regimen of valproate, was developed. This system produces consulting comments with a fuzzy theory, by using the dosage regimen of valproate, pharmacokinetic parameters estimated by the Bayesian method, and therapeutic effect and toxicity of anticonvulsants evaluated by the physician. For nearly 90% in 42 cases, comments of the system were agreeable comparing with the notes of TDM technologists. There are a few disagreements between this system and experts, mainly because the system does not use enough information about combination therapy with other anticonvulsants. Developed comment aid system shows some clinical and educational utility, and suggests significance and possibility of more useful and al around TDM expert system. Then this system might be available as a prototype of the TDM expert system.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[A successful case of localized aortic dissection associated with bicuspid aortic valve].

It is known that bicuspid aortic valve is a risk factor of aortic dissection in Europe and America, but there is no report of the case in Japan. A 47-year-old male teacher of senior high school had an abrupt onset of chest pain. Aortogram showed localized dissection of the ascending aorta and moderate degree of aortic regurgitation. Cold cardioplegic arrest with moderate systemic hypothermia was used under cardiopulmonary bypass. The aortic valve was bicuspid and localized transverse intimal dissection was also found above left-sided commissure. As both cusps were soft and not degenerative, mattress sutures were used to support the prolapsed cusps against the outer aortic wall. The ascending aorta was replaced with a prosthetic vascular graft. Postoperative clinical course was uneventful and he is doing well two years after the surgery. The bicuspid aortic valve and aortic dissection were also discussed.

Aortic Dissection↗
PubMed1989

[A case of abdominal actinomycosis following foreign body in the stomach wall].

Recently abdominal actinomycosis is rare. Its diagnosis is difficult because it resembles malignant diseases. We reported a case of abdominal actinomycosis considered to be of the stomach origin and attempted to correlate the radiological findings with the pathological features referring to the previous reports.

Actinomycosis↗
PubMed1989

[CT findings of primary and secondary malignant lymphoma of the brain].

Eleven patients with primary brain lymphoma and three patients with secondary brain lymphoma were analysed in detail on the results from the CT studies. Almost all the lesions were found in the basal ganglia and periventricular regions. Leptomeningeal lesion was noted only in one case in the three cases with secondary lesions while no such lesions were revealed in the cases with primary lesions. On the contrast studies while almost all the lesions showed homogenous contrast enhancement, the central low density areas in the lesions were seen in the two lesions in the 28 primary lesions (7.1%) and in the one lesion in the 5 secondary lesions (20%). The leptomeningeal spread of the lesion and the more frequent central low density area in the lesion are considered to be the differential points of the secondary brain lymphoma from the primary brain lymphoma.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Early and late results of St. Jude Medical prosthesis in aortic and mitral portion].

January, 1980 to December, 1988, 118 patients underwent aortic (AVR) (45), mitral (MVR) (55), aortic and mitral (DVR) (21) valve replacement with a tilting disc valve prosthesis, the St. Jude Medical. Age ranged from 11 to 69 years (mean 49). There were seven death within thirty days after the surgery (AVR 1, MVR 5, DVR 1). Follow-up is complete and ranges from 1 month to 107 months (total 392, 4 patient-year (pt-yr), AVR 127.7 pt-yr, MVR 182.6 pt-yr, DVR 82.0 pt-yr). In the AVR group, three late deaths have occurred and actuarial survival at 8 years is 89 +/- 5%. Five patients have sustained thromboembolic episodes from linearized rate of 4.7%/patients-year, and the probability of remaining free of thromboembolism at 8 years is 83 +/- 7% in survivors longer than thirty days after the surgery. In the MVR group, one late death has occurred and actuarial survival at 8 years is 87 +/- 5%. Two patients have sustained thromboembolic episodes from linearized rate of 1.1%/patient-years, and the probability of remaining free of thromboembolism at 8 years is 86 +/- 1% in survivors longer than thirty days after the surgery. In the DVR group, four late deaths have occurred and actuarial survival at 8 years is 75 +/- 12%. Two patients have sustained thromboembolic episodes from linearized rate of 2.4%/patients-year, and the probability of remaining free of thromboembolism at 8 years is 85 +/- 5% in survivors longer than thirty days after the surgery. There is no significance of actuarial survival rate among three groups, but the rate of thromboembolism in AVR group is significantly higher than in other MVR and DVR groups in the first 20 months. Reoperation was carried out in one patient because of perivalvular leak. There have been no thromboses of the SJM valve and no mechanical valve failure. Because of this experience, The St. Jude Medical heart valve prosthesis is our prosthesis of choice for any patient undergoing valve replacement with a mechanical prosthesis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Determination of ambenonium in biological samples by reversed-phase ion-pair liquid chromatography.

A sensitive and selective analytical method for the determination of ambenonium ion in biological samples is described. The procedure involves ion-pair extraction of the drug, followed by reversed-phase ion-pair chromatographic analysis with ultraviolet detection at 217 nm. The detection limits at a signal-to-noise ratio of 5 were 100 pmol/ml using 0.2 ml of plasma and bile, 250 pmol/ml using 0.2 ml of urine and 200 pmol/g using 1 ml of tissue homogenates containing 0.1 g/ml of each tissue. This assay procedure was used to study the pharmacokinetics of ambenonium ion after intravenous administration in rats.

Ambenonium Chloride↗