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Biomedical subjects

Y Koga

Publications and source records attributed to Y Koga.

At least 685 records · Page 38Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Malignant neuroleptic syndrome--its present status in Japan and clinical problems.

Fourteen cases in which hyperpyrexia, akinesia, mutism, extrapyramidal symptoms and severe, diverse autonomic symptoms developed in the course of neuroleptic drug therapy are reported as the malignant neuroleptic syndrome, with analysis and discussion of the clinical features and pathogenic factors. Possible factors contributing to the danger of evoking this syndrome are: 1. Physical exhaustion associated with dehydration, and 2. Parenteral administration of neuroleptic agents, especially of the incisive type. Symptomatologic similarity of the syndrome to the condition known as malignant hyperthermia during anesthesia is also discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Induction of physical dependence in rats by short interval medication.

Rats were intermittently medicated at one hour intervals through an implanted intravenous cannula. Physical dependence on morphine and codeine was developed rapidly and it was detectable with the maintenance dose as low as 9.6 mg/kg/day. Physical dependence on pentazocine was also developed with the maintenance dose of 96 mg/kg/day, but was not with 9.6 mg/kg/day. In the pentazocine-treated rates, body weight loss was observed after the abrupt withdrawal, and abstinence signs were precipitated by naloxone 1 mg/kg. Cross physical dependence between morphine and pentazocine was demonstrated. Pentazocine suppressed the abstinence signs of rats weakly dependent on morphine, and morphine suppressed those of pentazocine-dependent rats. ID-1229, a new benzomorphan analgesic, did not produce dependence in this test and did not suppress the abstinence signs of morphine- and pentazocine-dependent rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Echocardiographic study on hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Echocardiographic study was performed on 21 cases with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), 10 obstructive and 11 nonobstructive. Asymmetric septal hypertrophy was demonstrated in both obstructive and nonobstructive HCM. In all cases of HCM studied, the thickness of the interventricular septum was 1.4 cm or more (1.4-3.7 cm) and the ratio of septal to left ventricular posterior wall thickness was 1.4 or more (1.4-3.2). A systolic anterior movement of the mitral valve (SAM) was observed in obstructive cases only and characterized by a large backward component in late systole and an extreme approximation to the interventricular septum at its peak. Patients with HCM also showed abnormal echocardiographic indices of the left ventricular diastolic properties, such as the rate of diastolic descent of the mitral valve (DDR), mean diastolic posterior wall velocity (mPWVd), D/S ratio and mean rapid filling rate (mRFR). DDR correlated well with the ratio of rapid filling to total filling volume, rapid filling fraction, (r = 0.79, p less than 0.001), suggesting that reduced DDR in HCM was related with an abnormal left atrio-ventricular flow pattern. A significant correlation was also observed between mRFR and negative maximum dp/dt derived from the first derivative curve of the left ventricular pressure (r = o.68, p less than 0.005). Thus echocardiography was proved to be a valuable means for investigation of the left ventricular properties during early diastole.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Hemopoietic colony forming cells in regenerating mouse liver.

Cells from regenerating mouse liver removed 2-25 days post 68% hepatic resection have been assayed for in vivo colony forming capacity in soft agar (CFU-C), proliferative capacity in liquid culture, and in vivo spleen colony forming capacity (CFU-S). These studies demonstrated low concentrations of CFU-C and CFU-S in normal and sham operated liver, with an appreciable increase of both in regenerating liver, reaching maximum values in tissue removed 5--7 days post hepatic resection. Colony formation in agar by regenerating liver cells occurred in the absence of exogenous colony stimulating factor. Separation of liver cells on the basis of adherent properties prior to culture indicated concentration of CFU-C in the non-adherent fraction, while cells producing colony stimulating factor were concentrated in the adherent fraction. Foci of actively dividing cells of themacrophage and granulocyte series arose in liquid culture from preparations of sham operated and regenerating liver, although total cell formation was greater with regenerating liver. A small proportion of the colonies formed in agar from regenerating liver consisted of cords of epithelioid cells, which resembled hepatocytes and differed from the macrophages or granulocytes found in the majority of colonies, raising the possibility that regenerating hepatocytes form colonies in agar culture.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Portal hypertension due to hepatic artery-portal vein arteriovenous fistula--a case report.

A case of portal hypertension secondary to traumatic hepatoportal arteriovenous fistula with portal fibrosis was successfully treated by ligation of the afferent hepatic arteries which decreased significantly portal pressure and corrected the abnormal blood inflow to the portal vein via A-V fistula resulting in a recovery of the disturbed liver function. Collateral blood supply from the left hepatic artery into the right hepatic lobe was found to be quite satisfactory after the ligation of the hepatic artery. Hemodynamic data and clinical findings of the present case suggest that the mechanism responsible for the portal hypertension is the inflow block resulting from the interruption of portal venous flow by the inflow of arterial blood via A-V fistula and the subsequent increased blood pressure in portal vein radicals.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Hepatic "intravenous fat pigment" in infants and children receiving lipid emulsion.

In 23 patients who received fat emulsion (Intralipid) intravenously and had subsequent necropsy, the deposition of pigment in the liver was evaluated quantitatively. Pigment was found in hepatic cells (HC) in 14 of 23 patients as well as reticuloendothelial cells (REC) in 22 of 23 patients. There was more pitment deposition in HC in younger children. HC pigment deposition occurred most frequently in patients with acute inflammatory processes within the abdomen. Patients infused with emulsion at rates less than 0.5 g/kg body wt/hr had less pigment deposition than patients infused at faster rates. Neonates infused at rates less than 0.2 g/kg body wt/hr for 24 hr had less HC pigment than neonates infused at higher rates. The quantity of REC pigment bore no apparent relationship to age, clinical diagnosis, rate or total dose of fat emulsion, but was increased in groups infused more than 14 days.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Intestinal atresia in fetal dogs produced by localized ligation of mesenteric vessels.

Experimental ileal atresia and stenosis were produced by a localized ligation of the mesenteric vessels in fetuses from 13 pregnant mongrel dogs having gestational ages of 45-55 days. The intestinal infarct in the fetus was characterized by an aseptic coagulation necrosis selectively limited to the mucosa and submucosa, and also by intense hyperemia and minimal cellular reaction in the adjacent tissue. Eleven days after the devascularization, type 2 intestinal atresia, in which there is a long cord between the blunt ends microscopically similar to that seen in humans.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Effect of complete parenteral nutrition using fat emulsion on liver.

Four to 8 weeks of complete parenteral nutrition including fat emulsion, 10% Intralipid, from 2 to 4 gm/kg/day, was studied in puppies. The following conclusions were reached: At the end of 4-8 weeks of complete parenteral nutrition using the infusion of fat emulsion, the lipid content of the liver was twice the value in control animals, which returned to the approximate normal value in a short period after the interruption of the fat emulsion. This increase in the lipid content was considered to be caused by a proper metabolic process of fat emulsion and would seem to indicate that the daily infusion of the fat emulsion from 2 to 4 gm could be performed safely for an extended period of time.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1975

Echocardiographic classification of hypertensive heart disease. A correlative study with clinical features.

Forty patients with systemic hypertension were classified into 4 types based on the left ventricular echocardiographic findings. Patients with normal left ventricular echogram, type I, showed little clinical symptoms and signs of hypertensive involvement. Higher systolic pressure and marked hypertensive retinal and renal changes were observed in patients with symmetric hypertrophy of the left ventricle, type II. Congestive heart failure was dominantly present in those with dilatation of the left ventricle, type IV. High voltages and marked ST-T changes in electrocardiogram were usually found in patients with asymmetric septal hypertrophy, type III, while retinal and renal damages were mild. Left ventriculograms obtained from 6 cases in type III also revealed hypertrophy of the interventricular septum and one of them demonstrated left ventricular outflow tract obstruction. These cardiac features in type III, which are quite similar to those in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, seemed to be a secondary change induced by systemic hypertension on the basis of some predisposition.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Depolymerization and de-N-acetylation of glycosaminoglycuronans by the action of alkali in the presence of sodium borohydride.

Depolymerization of Ch-4-S, Ch-6-S, HA and HP was observed by gel filtration after treatment with 2-10 N NaOH or Ba(OH)2 in the presence of NaBH4 at 80-83 degrees for 1-5 hr. Depolymerized products were isolated after these treatments. 4-Deoxy-alpha-L-threo-4-enohexopyranosyluronic acid residue as the nonreducing end group was demonstrated by the H-1 and H-4 proton signals in the NMR spectra and by the absorption at 225-230 nm. L-Gulonic acid, which was produced from D-glucuronic acid by the action of NaBH4, was detected as the reducing end group in the depolymerized products of Ch-6-S, but no hexosaminitol was detected. De-N-acetylation to the extent of 34-50% occurred after treatment with 2.5 N NaOH in the presence of NaBH4, and almost complete de-N-acetylation accompanied by considerable destruction was observed with Ch-4-S and Ch-6-S after treatment with 5.5-10.0 N NaOH. A reaction mechanism is proposed for the depolymerization of glycosaminoglycuronans by the action of alkali.

Alkalies↗
PubMed1975

Liver regeneration: An isolation perfusion system employed to assay hepatic 3-H-thymidine incorporation.

Isolated normal livers perfused with 3-H-thymidine containing suspensions which had been previously circulated through isolated livers either (a) regenerating or (b) "sham" operated, showed equal and erlatively low levels of both tissue specific activity and nuclear labeling by autoradiography. When such blood-simulating perfusates, containing 3-H-thymidine, are circulated through whole isolated regenerating livers, nuclear uptake is apparent and specific activity is increased greater than 100 times over levels obtained when the same perfusate is circulated through nonregenerating livers.

Animals↗