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Biomedical subjects

Y Kodama

Publications and source records attributed to Y Kodama.

At least 415 records · Page 23Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Chronic toxicity of 2-(2-furyl)-3-(5-nitro-2-furyl) acrylamide (AF-2) in mice, with special reference to carcinogenicity in the forestomach.

Chronic toxicity of 2-(2-furyl)-3-(5-nitro-2-furyl)acrylamide (AF-2), which had been widely used in Japan as a food additive, was studied in both sexes of ICR/JCL mice by feeding a diet containing AF-2 in a concentration of 0.4% or 0.08%. The experiments confirmed its definite carcinogenicity in the forestomach, with dose dependency; more than 70% of mice fed the higher dose developed tumors, the majority of which were squamous cell carcinomas with metastatic growths, whereas, with a lower dose, fewer tumors occurred, following a longer latent period. In addition, possible leukemogenicity was suggested by a higher incidence in AF-2-fed females (10.8%) over that in control females (3.2%). The development of non-neoplastic lesions in the liver and kidneys, and of amyloidosis in various organs was also observed in some of AF-2-fed mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Reactive hyperplasia of paracortex and germinal centers of the regional lymph nodes in gastric carcinoma cases as a favorable prognostic indicator.

The prognosis of 141 patients subjected to curative resection for gastric carcinoma was analyzed with special reference to the paracortex, germinal centers and sinus histiocytes in the regional lymph nodes. Five years survival rates of the patients with paracortical and/or germinal center hyperplasia (PH and/or GH) was definitely superior to those without such hyperplasia. This difference was most pronounced in those with moderately advanced stage. The incidence of lymph node metastasis was lower in the patients with PH or GH. The presence of sinus histiocytosis (SH) seemed to be correlated neither with a longer survival nor with lower incidence of lymph node metastasis. No close correlation was found between PH, GH and SH on one hand and histological types of the primary gastric carcinomas on the other. These results suggest that cell mediated and/or humoral immune response may play an important role in host resistance against gastric carcinoma.

Female↗
PubMed1976

Carcinomas of the stomach in the young adults.

The clinical and pathologic characteristics of the gastric carcinomas in the young adults were described in special comparison with the carcinomas in the old men. They were found to be similar in many respects, but had some different features like the histologic findings with particular references to the histogenetic background.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1976

["Colloid cyst" of the lateral ventricle--report of a case (author's transl)].

Colloid cyst is a relatively rare benign tumor which is usually found in the third ventricle. A patient who had a "colloid cyst" in his right lateral ventricle was experienced. A 33-year-old man had suffered from intermittent attacks of headache and vomiting for five months. On July 22, 1974, he was hospitalized to our clinic because of headache, memory and gait disturbance. At the time of admission his consciousness was clear but he had slight memory disturbance and urinary incontinence. Incipient papilledma was noted and the deep tendon reflexes of the lower extrimities were slightly accentuated. Lumbar puncture revealed a clear CSF and its pressure was within normal limit and the protein was 59 mg/dl. The plain skull films showed no abnormal findings. EEG showed an asymmetry of alpha-wave, and paroxysmal high voltage of slow wave was found in the right frontal area. Right cerebral angiography demonstrated an unrolling of the pericallosal arteries suggesting dilatation of the lateral ventricles. On the 9th hospital day, he suddenly began to complain of severe headache and became drowsy. Mannitol and hydrocortisone were injected intravenously without producing any remarkable effects. A ventricular drainage was done, and the patient recovered rapidly. A conray ventriculography revealed a round filling defect in the right lateral ventricle. A transventricular approach through a short linear incision in the right frontal cortex was preformed on the 25th hospital day. A cyst containing colloid substance, about 5x4 cm in size, was found to be attached to the medial wall of the right lateral ventricle anterior to the foramen of Monro. This cyst was almost completely removed. Histological findings revealed inner lining of epithelial cells, He died on the 25th postoperative day from bacterial meningitis. Autopsy confirmed the cyst to have originated from the right lateral ventricle. A review of the literature was made and the pathogenesis and diagnosis of this disease and the mechanism of development of the symptoms were discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Some findings on the fine structure of the neurohypophysis in dehydrated and pitressin-treated mice.

The fine structure of the pituitary posterior lobe was observed using normal, dehydrated and Pitressin-treated mice. The normal posterior lobe of the mouse contains numerous neurosecretory granules of about 1,300-2,000 angstrom diameter in the nerve terminals. These granules are often found in contact with neurotubules running longitudinally in the axon. In the 2, 5 and 7 day-dehydrated animals the secretory granules are markedly decreased in number, while small vesicles of about 500 angstrom diameter are conspicuously increased in number in the nerve terminal. It is very difficult to obtain an electron microscopic figure of the exocytosis of the secretory granule. The cluster of small vesicles in the nerve terminal is sometimes surrounded by an electron dense membrane and gradually changed to the cytolysomes. These facts suggest that most of these vesicles are not synaptic vesicles containing acetylcholine but materials derived from the limiting membrane of the released granules and they are gradually disposed of by lysosomes. In Pitressin-treated animals (3 days, 200mU/day), an increase in number of the neurosecretory granules and an appearance of the disposal process of the excess neurosecretory granules are characteristic in the nerve terminal. Some granules are aggregated to become higher in electron density and surrounded by an electron dense membrane. They are positive for acid phosphatase reaction and are degenerated by an autolytic process. In both cases above, the pituicytes showed a marked reaction. The elements of rough endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi apparatus become well developed and many large lysosomes are seen in the cytoplasm.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

[Electric thrombosis of the experimental aneurysm--effect of alteration in intraaneurysmal hemodynamics on thrombus formation and progress of thrombosis (author's transl)].

Electric thrombosis may be one of useful method to provide protection against re-bleeding from the intracranial aneurysm which cannot be obliterated by clipping or ligation of its neck without disturbing arterial circulation. However, a better method is required to make the aneurysm to be almost completely thrombosed within one or two hours and to avoide marked damage of its wall, dislodging of the formed thrombus and excessive thrombosis. In this report a method of electric thrombosis of the experimental aneurysm was studied, and effects of hematocrit value and alteration in intraaneurysmal hemodynamics on thrombus formation and progression of thrombosis were investigated. An aneurysm-like vein pouch of 6 to 9 mm in diameter and of 5 to 8 mm in height was made on the common carotid artery of the dog. One week later, patency of the "aneurysm" was confirmed on angiogram. An anodal electrode of a platinum needle of 0.2 mm in diameter was inserted into the "aneurysm" to place the tip of the needle approximately at the center of the sack. Two platinum plates of 3 mm in diameter and of 0.1 mm in thickness were used as the cathodes and were placed externnally on the aneurysm wall. Direct current of 3 mA was applied for 5 or 10 minutes, or current of 5 mA for 5 minutes. Intraaneurysmal pulsating jet and turbulent flows were reduced by occlusion or stenosis of the common carotid. Size of the thrombus immediately after passing current and further progress of thrombosis were evaluated on angiogram and also on plethysmogram of the "aneurysm". Hematocrit value of 45% or more was favorable in producing a thrombus. Although direct current of 3 or 5 mA was desirable to avoid injury of the "aneurysm" wall and to inhibit dislodging of the formed thrombus, only a small thrombus was produced around the anode. Simultaneous occlusion or stenosis of the carotid artery proximally to the "aneurysm" during application of the current markedly promoted thrombus formation. With current application for 5 minutes, 30 to 40% or more of "aneurysm" lumen was occupied by the thrombus in a half of the cases. When the thrombus had reached to approximately 40% of aneurysm "sack" 5 minutes after passing DC current, it progressed to 80% within the following one hour. The most favorable site of the anode for progression of thrombosis was the proximal wall (cardiac side) of "aneurysm". Proximal occlusion or stenosis of the carotid artery promoted remarkably also progress of thrombosis. Excessive thrombosis, dislodging or spontaneous resolution of the formed thrombus was not found throughout one month follow-up. Histologically, the thrombus was organized within one month and covered with the endothel extending from the parent artery.

Animals↗