Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

Y Kitazawa

Publications and source records attributed to Y Kitazawa.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Influence of argon laser treatment of glaucoma on corneal endothelium.

The morphometric study of the corneal endothelium was carried out by means of specular microscopy prior to and for one year following laser trabeculoplasty (LTP) or laser iridotomy. A significant increase in the endothelial cell size was demonstrated in 6 months after trabeculoplasty and in 3 months following iridotomy. The magnitude of increase in cell size following laser iridotomy was significantly correlated with the amount of laser energy delivered to the eye. However, such correlation was not demonstrated following LTP where the applied energy was kept fairly constant among the present treated cases. The increase in cell size failed to correlate with clinical factors including IOP before and after laser therapy, age and the presence or absence of endothelial burn. The treatment protocols using reduced energy are indicated to minimize endothelial damage induced by LTP or laser iridotomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Use of Fieldmaster automated perimeter for the detection of early visual field changes in glaucoma.

The efficacy of automated suprathreshold perimetry with Fieldmaster automated perimeter (model 101 PR and 200) was evaluated in the screening for very early glaucomatous visual field defects which failed to be detected with kinetic perimetry using a Goldman perimeter. Evaluation of 117 eyes with elevated intraocular pressure revealed a small, relative defect in the central field in 14 eyes which was confirmed by static perimetry with a Tübinger perimeter. Although Fieldmaster model 200 is equipped with more target positions than model 101 PR, detectability of early defects was almost identical between two models. Automated suprathreshold perimetry with either model of Fieldmaster perimeter is useful in detecting the early changes which may be missed by kinetic perimetry with a Goldman perimeter. Based on the difference in the false positive rate (45.6% with model 200 vs 26.7% with model 101 PR) the screening with 101 PR seems to be more rewarding.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Lymphomatoid granulomatosis (Liebow).

An autopsy case with pulmonary lesions analogous to Liebow's lymphomatoid granulomatosis (LYG) and some other unusual pictures were reported. A 29-year-old male who had been diagnosed and treated as Sjögren's syndrome for eleven years because of intermittent swelling of the parotids with diffuse lymphoid cell infiltration and positive serum RA-test, showed several circumscribed densities on the chest X-ray examination which were deemed to be of interlobar pleurisy. On autopsy, the nodular lesions in the lung were composed of angiocentric-angiodestructive lymphoid cell proliferation analogous to LYG. In addition, the present case was characterized by focal glomerulonephritis and splenic trabeculitis which are quite unusual associations in LYG. The relationships of the present case to other similar diseases such as Wegener's granulomatosis, Sjögren's syndrome, primary lymphoma of the lung, etc. were discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

The corneal endothelial cells in ocular hypertension.

In order to evaluate the effect of the intraocular pressure (IOP) on the corneal endothelial cells, we investigated the endothelial cells of 37 untreated ocular hypertensive patients (72 eyes) and 40 normotensive individuals (65 eyes) by means of the contact type specular microscope, both groups being in the similar age range. The IOP was measured with a Goldmann applanation tonometer and the corneal thickness was determined with a pachymeter of Haag-Streit modified by Mishima & Hedbys. Endothelial photographs were taken in the central area of the cornea and the individual cell area was computed using a computerized image analyzer. The correlation among the IOP, the corneal thickness and the corneal endothelial cell size was analyzed. The mean cell size of corneal endothelial cells failed to be significantly correlated with either the IOP or the corneal thickness and did not show a significant difference between the right and left eyes in ocular hypertensive patients. The mean cell size of central corneal endothelial cells in ocular hypertensives was noted to be larger than that of the normotensives in each age group. The difference was of statistical significance in the subjects younger than 49 years old, and the mean difference in the cell size was the greatest in the patient group younger than 30 years old.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Effects of N-demethylated carbachol on intraocular pressure and pupil in ocular hypertensive patients.

The effects of N-demethylated carbachol on intraocular pressure and pupil size were studied in 18 ocular hypertensive patients. Topical administration of N-demethylated carbachol in 9%, 15% and 30% solutions has been demonstrated to bring about miosis which was found to be dose-dependent. No significant change of intraocular pressure clearly attributable to this drug has been demonstrated.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1982

Argon laser trabeculoplasty in open-angle glaucoma.

Argon laser trabeculoplasty (LTP) was carried out, along the whole circumference of the trabecular band (WC-LTP) in 45 eyes and along half the circumference (HC-LTP) in 20 eyes with open-angle glaucoma. A pronounced rise of the intraocular pressure (IOP) occurred in 74% of the WC-LTP eyes, usually within 6 hours. An initial IOP rise was found to occur in 64% of the HC-LTP eyes, usually within 2 hours. The maximum IOP level was similar after both techniques, but the duration of the IOP rise was significantly shorter after the HC- than after the WC-LTP. The IOP after 24 hours was at or higher than 25 mmHg in 42% of the cases after the WC-LTP and in 10% after the HC-LTP. During the follow-up for 7-38 months after the WC-LTP 22 out of 45 eyes showed failure of IOP control below 21 mmHg: the majority of failure took place within one week. An analysis by a life-table method showed that the final probability of control after 38 months was about 48%, and that the failure of control occurred in only a few eyes after the IOP had been under control for a period of 6 months. The rate of IOP control was the following day was lower than 25 mmHg. The eyes treated by the HC-LTP were followed only for a short time, but the results appeared promising. Since the HC-LTP shows less complications than the WC-LTP, the long-term results of HC-LTP need to be evaluated for possible routine use.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1982

Argon laser iridotomy in angle-closure glaucoma: a comparison of two methods.

Argon laser iridotomy was performed in a total of 141 eyes with angle-closure glaucoma, using a modified contact lens of Abraham, by means of two methods, both comprising two-step burns of the iris. While the first-step burns were carried out under similar conditions in both methods, the duration of the second-step burn was 0.2 seconds in Method I (long-burn technique) and 0.02 seconds in Method II (short-burn technique). Iris perforation was achieved in one session in 91% of 101 eyes by the former and in 100% of 40 eyes by the latter technique. Both techniques caused a transient elevation of the intraocular pressure (IOP), but it subsided within 24 hours. Retrobulbar injection of lidocaine or instillation of timolol or indomethacin oil drops did not suppress the IOP rise. Also, iritis was seen in all cases, but it disappeared within one week. No anterior chamber hemorrhage nor retinal hazard was encountered. Corneal clouding was mild and rare by the short-burn technique, permitting iridotomy to be carried out in the iris periphery of the upper quadrants. By the long-burn technique, however, the corneal clouding often prevented continued laser irradiation. A comparison with the results of the conventional peripheral iridectomy revealed that the present short-burn technique is a safe and efficient procedure for the treatment of angle-closure glaucoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

A critical analysis of the trabeculectomy results by a prospective follow-up design.

Trabeculectomy was carried out 145 times on 113 eyes of 100 patients, with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) or secondary glaucoma. The complications of this surgery found during the follow-up period from 0.5 to 3 years were analyzed according to the preplanned protocol. The shallow anterior chamber (AC), i.e. AC depth being less than half of the depth before surgery, was found in 51.7%, flat AC, i.e. iridocorneal contact from the periphery to the pupillary margin, in 15.9%, hyphema in 17.9% and choroidal detachment in 33.9%. The shallow AC usually disappeared within several days and only in 2.8% was this complication prolonged over one week. The choroidal detachment disappeared within 3 days in most cases, and in only 0.7% was surgical intervention required for its treatment. Progression of cataract, as defined by diminution of the visual acuity more than 2 lines of the acuity chart, was found in 38.6%. The choroidal detachment and cataract progression were significantly more frequent in eyes with the shallow AC. Simple statistics gave a figure of about 70% for the rate of IOP control below 21 mmHg. A life-table analysis gave the 2-year success probability of about 57% in POAG after the first trabeculectomy. After repeating the procedure twice in the same eye, the success probability was about 37%, but after 3 or more repeated operations it was only 10% after one year.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

The prognosis of corticosteroid-responsive individuals.

Response of intraocular pressure to topical corticosteroid administration is determined genetically, and the genes that determine corticosteroid responsiveness of IOP and primary open angle glaucoma are considered closely related. To elucidate the relationship between corticosteroid responsiveness and primary open angle glaucoma, 35 patients with high corticosteroid responsiveness were followed up without therapy for at least ten years. During the follow-up period, a sustained rises in IOP greater than 21 mm Hg developed in five of 22 originally normotensive subjects. In two cases, glaucomatous field changes were demonstrated along with pressure elevation. Of 13 originally ocular hypertensives, further rise of IOP associated with glaucomatous field changes developed in seven. Results strongly indicate that pressure elevation is more likely to develop in corticosteroid-responsive individuals and the glaucomatous field defects are more likely to develop in responsive are compared with nonresponsive subjects.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗