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Biomedical subjects

Y Kitagawa

Publications and source records attributed to Y Kitagawa.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Simple bone cyst of the mandibular condyle with severe osteoarthritis: report of a case.

A rare case of simple bone cyst in the mandibular condyle of a 33-year-old woman is reported. The condition was difficult to diagnose because the cyst was accompanied by severe osteoarthritis. T1-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) images revealed a cystic lesion with intermediate signal intensity within the condylar head and an irregular margin with intermediate signal intensity on the superior surface of the condyle. The patient was treated by high condylectomy, discectomy and reconstruction by sagittal split ramus osteotomy. Histopathological examination showed a simple bone cyst in the condylar head and erosion of the anterior articular surface due to degenerative changes.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Increased levels of epsilon and gamma isoforms of 14-3-3 proteins in cerebrospinal fluid in patients with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.

We established four hybridoma cell lines producing monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against 14-3-3 proteins. Immunoblot analysis revealed that epsilon and gamma isoforms were specifically increased in premortem cerebrospinal fluid samples from patients with sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Furthermore, dot immunoblot analysis showed that MAbs were more specific for native antigen than polyclonal antibodies were.

14-3-3 Proteins↗
PubMed1999

Brachyury regulatory region active in embryonal carcinoma P19 cells.

Brachyury (T) is involved in mesoderm induction during early mouse development. We analyzed the region regulating expression of T in embryonal carcinoma P19 cells, which differentiate into mesoderm derivatives in vitro. Transfection of plasmids encoding reporter genes under the control of the 5'-flanking region showed positive regulatory elements between -298 and -129 bp are responsible for driving T expression in mesodermal cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Elevated remnant-like lipoprotein particles in impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetic patients.

OBJECTIVE: Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) in association with insulin resistance is considered to be a risk factor for atherosclerosis. Thus, patients with IGT may have abnormal lipid and lipoprotein profiles. The purpose of this study was to investigate presence of remnant-type hyperlipoproteinemia in patients with IGT. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Serum levels of remnant-like lipoprotein particles (RLP) were measured in 541 subjects (362 men and 179 women, age 53 +/- 7.9 years) who visited our health center for routine medical examinations. We measured RLP cholesterol (RLP-C) and RLP triglycerides (RLP-TG) using immunoaffinity gel containing monoclonal anti-human apoproteins A-I (H-12) and B-100 (JI-H) antibodies. After a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test, subjects were divided into three groups: normal, IGT, and type 2 diabetic. RESULTS: After matching for sex, age, and body weight, serum RLP-C in normal, IGT, and diabetic groups were 4.2 +/- 1.7, 6.2 +/- 3.4, and 6.2 +/- 4.2 mg/dl, respectively. The corresponding RLP-TG values were 16.7 +/- 9.2, 28.0 +/- 19.1, and 29.0 +/- 27.2 mg/dl. We found that RLP-C and RLP-TG values were significantly higher in the IGT and diabetic groups compared with the normal group (P < 0.001). In the same order, total serum cholesterol levels were 206 +/- 29, 205 +/- 34, and 206 +/- 34 mg/dl and LDL cholesterol levels were 127 +/- 27, 124 +/- 34, and 123 +/- 34 mg/dl, showing no marked difference in these groups. However, serum levels of triglyceride were higher in the IGT and diabetes groups (155 +/- 76 and 151 +/- 81 mg/dl vs. 106 +/- 41 mg/dl; P < 0.0001). Further, the incidence of remnant hyperlipoproteinemia in normocholesterolemic subjects was up to four times higher in IGT and diabetic groups compared with the normal group. CONCLUSIONS: High serum RLP-C and RLP-TG levels in IGT and diabetic patients may represent an increased risk of atherosclerosis in these patients.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1999

[General paresis].

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Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1999

[Tabes dorsalis].

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Analgesics, Non-Narcotic↗
PubMed1999

[Molecular alterations in Barrett's esophagus and adenocarcinoma].

Patients with Barrett's columnar-lined esophagus are at increased risk of developing esophageal adenocarcinoma, the incidence of which has increased rapidly especially in the USA. Although the number of patients with Barrett's adenocarcinoma is fewer in Japan than in the USA, all gastroenterologist should know its multistep carcinogenic process. Tumor suppressor genes (p53, p16), oncogenes (c-erbB-2, H-ras, K-ras, cyclin D1, src), and growth factor/receptor (TGF-alpha, EGFR) seem to cause the malignant transformation of Barrett's esophagus. Because detection of these molecular alterations is feasible, more accurate diagnosis of Barrett's esophageal biopsy specimens should be made by adding the molecular examination to the conventional pathologic examination.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1999

FDG PET to evaluate combined intra-arterial chemotherapy and radiotherapy of head and neck neoplasms.

UNLABELLED: We evaluated the effectiveness of combined intra-arterial chemotherapy and radiotherapy on head and neck squamous cell carcinomas using fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET. METHODS: Fifteen patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck were included in the study. Fourteen patients completed the treatment regimen and underwent FDG PET before and 4 wk after chemoradiotherapy. One patient underwent pretreatment FDG PET only. The pretreatment and post-treatment PET images were compared with clinical and histopathologic evaluations of the effects of chemoradiotherapy. For the quantitative evaluation of regional radioactivity, standardized uptake values (SUVs) with an uptake period of 50 min were used. RESULTS: Before treatment, FDG PET detected neoplasms in all 15 patients. The overall clinical response rate to chemoradiotherapy in the 14 patients who were imaged before and after treatment was 100%. Before treatment, the neoplastic lesions showed high SUVs (mean 7.77 mg/mL), which significantly decreased after therapy (3.62 mg/mL, P < 0.01). Lesions with higher pretreatment SUVs (> 7 mg/mL) showed residual viable tumor cells after the treatment in 3 of 8 patients, whereas those with lower SUVs (< 7 mg/mL, 6 patients) were successfully treated. Three of seven tumors with post-treatment SUVs > 4 mg/mL had viable tumor cells, whereas all tumors (7/7) with post-treatment SUVs < 4 mg/mL showed no viable cells. With concomitant chemoradiotherapy monitored by FDG PET, 5 patients avoided surgery entirely, and the remaining 9 patients underwent a reduced form of surgery. CONCLUSION: FDG PET is useful in evaluating the effects of combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy in patients with head and neck carcinoma. Pretreatment FDG PET is useful in predicting the response to treatment, and post-treatment FDG PET can evaluate residual viable cells. Hence, FDG PET is a valuable tool in the treatment of head and neck tumors.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1999

[Fusion of medicine and technology in endoscopic surgery].

Although endoscopic surgery has become widespread and is currently used in a wide range of general, thoracic, urologic, gynecologic, and orthopedic procedures, many major difficulties remain because sensorial information is restricted to a two-dimensional image, and effector instruments have limited maneuverability due to the rigid shaft axis fixed to the abdominal wall by the entry trocar. To overcome these problems, advanced engineering technology has been introduced in laparoscopic surgery which includes three-dimensional video imaging, robotic laparoscopic cameraholders, telemanipulated flexible effector instruments, and tactile feedback. A voice-controlled robotic laparoscopic holder (AESOP200, Computer Motion Inc. USA) provides stable support for the laparoscope during laparoscopic surgery performed by a single surgeon. A new computer-assisted telemanipulation robot (Intuitive Surgical Inc. USA) permits the performance of completely endoscopic coronary artery bypass and Nissen fundoplication. Furthermore, price reductions and technological advances in telecommunications have made telementoring in endoscopic surgery available for routine clinical use, and intercontinental surgical video teleconferences fruitful opportunities for discussing technical details. The fusion of medicine and technology in endoscopic surgery would overcome difficulties in the conventional endoscopic approach.

Humans↗
PubMed1998

De novo adipogenesis in mice at the site of injection of basement membrane and basic fibroblast growth factor.

Autografting of fat pads has a long history in plastic and reconstructive surgery for augmentation of lost soft tissue. However, the results are disappointing because of absorption of the grafts with time. The fate of transplanted fat is linked to adipose precursor cells distributed widely in connective tissues. Adipocyte precursor cells can proliferate and mature into adipocytes even in the adult body depending on microenvironment. When reconstituted basement membrane, Matrigel, supplemented with more than 1 ng/ml bFGF was injected s.c. into 6-week-old mice, the neovascularization induced within 1 week was followed by migration of endogenous adipose precursor cells, and a clearly visible fat pad was formed. The pad grew until 3 weeks after the injection and persisted for at least 10 weeks. Such de novo adipogenesis was induced reproducibly by s.c. injection of Matrigel and bFGF over the chest, lateral abdomen, or head. Adipogenesis could be induced even in ear cartilage or in muscle. Thus, our results demonstrated that an abundant population of adipose precursor cells is distributed widely in connective tissues of the adult body and that they migrate into the neovascularized plug of Matrigel for proliferation and maturation. These results suggest a technique of augmenting lost soft tissue in plastic and reconstructive surgery.

Adipocytes↗
PubMed1998

Immunochemical quantification of crossline as a fluorescent advanced glycation endproduct in erythrocyte membrane proteins from diabetic patients with or without retinopathy.

Crossline is a novel advanced glycation endproduct (AGE) which has both a crosslink and fluorescence similar to AGE-protein in vivo. To assess the association of AGEs to the development of diabetic retinopathy we developed a sensitive and specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for crossline in blood samples and investigated the association of the development of retinopathy and erythrocyte membrane protein (EMP)-crossline concentrations in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (Type 2 DM). Crossline formation in EMP exceeded that in haemoglobin and was detectable in normal EMP samples without pretreatment by this ELISA system. Mean (+/-SE) EMP crossline levels were elevated 1.6-fold in diabetic patients without retinopathy (7.6 +/- 0.5 pmol mg(-1), p < 0.005), 2.2-fold in diabetic patients with non-proliferative retinopathy (10.5 +/- 0.6 pmol mg(-1), p < 0.001) and 2.6-fold in diabetic patients with proliferative retinopathy (12.0 +/- 0.6 pmol mg(-1), p < 0.001) compared with healthy control subjects (4.7 +/- 0.5 pmol mg(-1)). Type 2 DM patients with retinopathy had significantly higher EMP-crossline levels than those without retinopathy (p < 0.005). Our data suggest that elevated EMP-crossline concentrations are associated with the presence of retinopathy in patients with Type 2 DM and EMP-crossline measured by our ELISA may provide a useful marker for assessing the role of glycation in the development of diabetic retinopathy.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

HLA-DRB1 alleles contribute to determining the prognosis of Japanese diabetes mellitus positive for antibodies to glutamate decarboxylase.

Diabetes mellitus positive for antibodies to glutamate decarboxylase is heterogeneous as far as the degree of impairment of endogenous insulin release, though antibodies to glutamate decarboxylase are the most useful marker for future insulin deficiency. To investigate what determines the prognosis of diabetes mellitus positive for antibodies to glutamate decarboxylase, we measured HLA-DRB1 alleles in three groups: 77 cases of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 44 of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) with secondary failure of oral hypoglycemic therapy, and 22 of NIDDM well controlled by diet and/or sulfonylurea agents. The proportion of susceptible and resistant alleles to IDDM determined the degree of insulin deficiency, and comparison of IDDM to NIDDM well controlled by diet and/or sulfonylurea agents revealed significant differences in DRB1*0405 (P < 0.05; RR = 2.82 and RR = 0.89, respectively) and DRB1*1502 (P < 0.001; RR = 0.02 and RR = 2.19, respectively). This study revealed that HLA-DRB1 alleles contribute to determining the prognosis of Japanese diabetes mellitus positive for antibodies to glutamate decarboxylase.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Improved hatching for in vitro quail embryo culture using surrogate eggshell and artificial vessel.

The establishment of avian embryonic culture is important both for the analysis of the developmental process and the establishment of transgenic chickens that produce useful biological materials in eggs. However, the hatchability of cultured embryos has been approximately 50%. We identified that the low rate of hatchability of cultured embryos was caused by limited oxygen and calcium availability. In quail embryo culture using chicken eggshell as a culture vessel, viability in the middle stage of culture was improved and 30% of embryos were hatched by oxygen enrichment. Furthermore, hatchability increased to 80% by supplementation with calcium lactate in addition to oxygen aeration. In the present study, a fully artificial vessel for quail embryo culture was designed using a gas-permeable Teflon membrane. By the addition of fine eggshell powder and calcium lactate, quail embryos grew and developed normally, and 43% of embryos hatched. Although the hatchability was lower than that of cultures using a surrogate eggshell, we achieved in hatching an avian embryo using a fully artificial vessel.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Isolation and characterization of a water stress-specific genomic gene, pwsi 18, from rice.

One of the water stress-specific cDNA clones of rice characterised previously, wsi18, was selected for further study. The wsi18 gene can be induced by water stress conditions such as mannitol, NaCl, and dryness, but not by ABA, cold, or heat. A genomic clone for wsi18, pwsi18, contained about 1.7 kbp of the 5' upstream sequence, two introns, and the full coding sequence. The 5'-upstream sequence of pwsi18 contained putative cis-acting elements, namely an ABA-responsive element (ABRE), three G-boxes, three E-boxes, a MEF-2 sequence, four direct and two inverted repeats, and four sequences similar to DRE, which is involved in the dehydration response of Arabidopsis genes. The gusA reporter gene under the control of the pwsi18 promoter showed transient expression in response to water stress. Deletion of the downstream DRE-like sequence between the distal G-boxes-2 and -3 resulted in rather low GUS expression.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1998

Chemotherapy of metastatic testicular germ cell tumors: relationship of histologic response to size reduction and changes in tumor markers.

BACKGROUND: Although testicular germ cell tumor is one of the most curable cancers, approximately 20% of advanced cases remain incurable. In this study we investigate factors that may predict a poor response to standard chemotherapeutic regimens and thus allow earlier initiation of more aggressive measures. METHODS: We analyzed the records of 19 patients with metastatic testicular germ cell tumors (8 seminomas and 11 nonseminomas). Sixteen patients underwent surgical exploration for residual tumors following chemotherapy, and the histological findings on the resulting specimens were correlated with reductions in tumor size observed on computed tomography and with changes in tumor marker levels. RESULTS: Complete necrosis was obtained in 10 of 12 lesions that shrank by at least 80%, while continued existence of teratoma or cancer was confirmed in 9 of 11 lesions with smaller size reductions. An initial human chorionic gonadotropin-beta subunit (HCG-beta) level more than 100 times the upper limit of normal appeared to predict poor histological response (teratoma/cancer) to chemotherapy. Slow fall (prolonged half-life) of tumor markers during chemotherapy also correlated with poor histological response. CONCLUSION: Factors which predict poor histological response of tumors to chemotherapy include size reduction less than 80%, initial HCG-beta levels more than 100 times the upper limit of normal, and prolonged half-life of tumor markers (placental alkaline phosphatase, alpha-fetoprotein and HCG-beta).

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗