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Biomedical subjects

Y Kitagawa

Publications and source records attributed to Y Kitagawa.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Stroke in systemic lupus erythematosus.

We investigated the clinical and pathologic characteristics of stroke in 234 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Thirteen patients (5.6%) developed cerebrovascular disease. Cerebral infarction was noted in eight, cerebral hemorrhage in two, and subarachnoid hemorrhage in three. In seven (54%) of these 13 patients, stroke occurred less than or equal to 5 years after systemic lupus erythematosus was diagnosed. Among the predisposing risk factors for stroke, hypertension was the most important. Lupus anticoagulant was detected in three (38%) and anticardiolipin antibody in three (43% of seven investigated) of the patients with infarction. Evaluation of the clinical manifestations and autoantibodies indicated that renal involvement and high titers of anti-deoxyribonucleic acid antibody were more frequent in the stroke group than in the non-stroke group. Autopsy studies on six of the patients with stroke revealed small infarcts and hemorrhages in all, but in no case was true angiitis observed. Libman-Sacks endocarditis was found in two of the three patients with infarction. In conclusion, the important contributory factor to the development of stroke in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus is considered to be hypertension mediated by immunologic abnormalities. Antiphospholipid antibodies and Libman-Sacks endocarditis are closely associated with occlusive cerebrovascular disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[A study on the survival rates for patients and suspected patients with Itai-itai disease].

A follow-up study was carried out from January 1967 to December 1986 on 148 patients with Itai-itai disease, 130 suspected patients (persons requiring observation), and 212 controls who were living in the same community as patients with Itai-itai disease. The relative survival rates for the three groups were calculated from a life expectancy table. Except for 1973 data, comparison of the annual data from 1968 to 1986 showed that the relative survival rates in the patient group were significantly lower than those in the control group. The relative survival rates in the suspected patient group were significantly lower than those in the control group between 1981 and 1986. Recently the differences of the relative survival rates between the patient group and the suspected patient group have become smaller and are not significant. These results show the long-lasting influence of Itai-itai disease on the prognoses of patients and suspected patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Pharmacokinetics of trace elements by noncompartmental analysis in rats (Part 1): Significance of the pharmacokinetic parameters].

Six-week-old male Wistar rats were administrated the radioisotopes of five trace elements (iron, zinc, copper, manganese and iodine) intravenously in order to elucidate the significance of their pharmacokinetics by noncompartmental analysis. The mean residence time (MRT) and variance of residence time (VRT) increased in the order Mn, Cu, I, Fe and Zn. Neither MRT nor VRT indicated any statistical significance between I and Fe. These results suggested that Mn and Cu were voided rapidly from the plasma, whereas Zn persisted in the plasma for the longest time among these elements. Though I and Fe showed quite different plasma disappearance curves, both were considered to diminish at almost the same speed. The volume of distribution at steady state (Vdss) increased in the order Cu (32 ml), Fe (62 ml), I (149 ml), Mn (185 ml) and Zn (1012 ml). The distribution coefficient (Kd) of these elements increased in the same order as Vdss did. For Cu and Fe, Vdss was intermediate between the plasma volume and total body fluid volume of the rat, while, for the others, Vdss was greater than the total body fluid volume. In particular, Vdss of Zn was the greatest among these elements. Hence, the present study suggested that the plasma concentrations of Cu and Fe may reflect their body contents fairy well, though those of I, Fe and Zn can hardly do so. Vdss and Kd are, therefore, considered to be useful as supplementary diagnostic indices to understand the plasma concentrations of trace elements. Systemic clearance (CLs) increased in the order Fe (0.02 ml/min), Zn (0.07 ml/min), I (0.21 ml/min), Cu (0.37 ml/min) and Mn (4.61 ml/min). The CLs of Mn was similar to the hepatic plasma flow rate of the rat in size, indicating that the Cls of Mn may be one of the greatest among trace elements. It appeared, therefore, that when administered intravenously, Mn may be transferred from the plasma to the tissues more easily than the other elements.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Identification of soybean protein components that modulate the action of insulin in vitro.

We have reported that a 37-kDa protein from a soybean isolate shows an affinity for bile acids and modulates insulin action on fat decomposition in vitro [Makino et al., Agric. Biol. Chem., 52, 803 (1988)]. In this study, the major components of the protein were identified as the acidic A1a and A2 subunits of glycinin, via amino-terminal sequence analyses of purified proteins and examination of their effects on fat decomposition in rat adipose cells. The most hydrophobic region of the subunits was found to be responsible for the bile acid-binding ability, and the binding region probably does not contribute to the insulin-modulating activity. These bile acid-binding and insulin-modulating properties were also noted in a 40-kDa protein from pea seeds, probably acidic subunits of legumin, suggesting that these characteristics may be common to legume proteins.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1990

[A myeloma (IgG-kappa) terminating in acute myelogenous leukemia].

A 71-year-old man was hospitalized in November, 1983 for a back pain and a diagnosis of multiple myeloma was made, based on the Bence Jones proteinuria, The serum M-component of a IgG-kappa type (3.3 g/dl), and plasmacytosis in the bone marrow (37%). Treatment consisted of melphalan and prednisolone. A blood count in March, 1986 revealed 6000/microliters of WBC with 30% of a blast form and 8% plasma cells, and 20,000/microliters of platelets. A bone marrow aspirate revealed that 14% were myeloblasts and 26% were plasma cells. Distinguishing the myeloblasts from the immature plasma cells in the peripheral blood proved difficult. Studies by electron microscopy and an immunological inspection of phenotypes were helpful in achieving a determination. A karyotypic analysis of the bone marrow cells indicated a hypodiploid cell population, a marker chromosome, and a karyotypic instability. These findings indicate that his multiple myeloma had undergone a leukemic change associated with acute myelogenous leukemia.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[A case of unilateral VIIIth, IXth and Xth cranial nerve involvement with herpes zoster].

A 46-year-old healthy man suffered from sore throat, fever and right otalgia. On the next day, he developed hoarseness and difficulty in swallowing. On the 6th day, he suffered from vertigo, nausea and vomiting associated with unsteady gait. He was admitted to the otorhinolaryngology department in our hospital and pointed out to have vesicles at his right ear. On the 13th day, he was referred to our service. On admission, no vesicles were noted at the right ear or pharynx. Neurological examination revealed mild nuchal rigidity and marked hoarseness, associated with poor elevation of soft palate and loss of pharyngeal reflex on the right side. He also had horizontal-clockwise rotatory nystagmus in primary gaze and ataxic gait. There was no hearing loss nor facial palsy. No other abnormal neurological findings were noted. The cerebrospinal fluid showed pleocytosis associated with increased protein. The viral antibody titre for herpes zoster was significantly elevated on 18th day in serum as well as in cerebrospinal fluid. Vertigo, nausea, vomiting, ataxia and difficulty in swallowing were all disappeared by the 25th day, whereas hoarseness was improved but still noted 6 months later. Among cranial nerves, trigeminal and facial nerves are the most commonly affected in patients with herpes zoster, but there have been a few reported cases of the 9th and 10th cranial nerve involvement in the literature. In these previously reported cases, all were written before the era of serological diagnosis, and herpes zoster was diagnosed by the vesicles at the ear or pharynx.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1990

Severe cerebral and systemic necrotizing vasculitis developing during pregnancy in a case of systemic lupus erythematosus.

We describe a fatal case of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) developing cerebral and systemic necrotizing vasculitis during pregnancy. The patient was discovered to have SLE at 14 weeks' gestation. Although the symptoms disappeared without treatment with corticosteroid in the 2nd trimester, she presented with meningoencephalitis due to vasculitis in the 3rd trimester. Polyarteritis nodosa (PAN)-like necrotizing vasculitis of the small muscular arteries and arterioles, with acute and healing lesions in the leptomeninges, brain parenchyma and visceral organs was observed at postpartum autopsy. PAN-like vasculitis in the central nervous system is quite rare in SLE. This case is also suggestive in terms of the influence of pregnancy on the activity of SLE.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Invasive fungal infections in hematologic malignancies--a retrospective study of 61 autopsied cases].

In a review of 61 consecutive autopsy cases with a hematologic malignancy, said cases extending from April, 1984 to August, 1989, 34 cases were documented to have had an invasive fungal infection. The highest rate of incidence was found in various leukemia cases (69 to 100%), followed by those who had had a malignant lymphoma (50%) and a multiple myeloma (33%). Cultures from autopsy materials that determined the presence of a fungus were positive in 21 cases, including 13 cases of candidiasis, 8 cases of aspergillosis, and 2 cases of geotrichosis. The most frequent site of the fungal infection was in the lungs (76%), followed by the GI tract, the kidneys, the liver, and the spleen. Of 36 cases that had been treated with an empiric antifungal therapy, an invasive fungal infection was documented in 22 cases, half of them being fatal. In contrast, of 20 cases that had not received any antifungal treatment prior to death, an invasive fungal infection was found in 8 cases and three of these were fatal.

Aspergillosis↗
PubMed1989

Nucleotide sequence of the Thiobacillus ferrooxidans chromosomal gene encoding mercuric reductase.

The nucleotide sequence of the Thiobacillus ferrooxidans chromosomal mercuric-reductase-encoding gene (merA) has been determined. The merA gene contains 1635 bp, and shares 78.2% and 76.6% sequence homology with the transposon, Tn501, and plasmid R100 merA genes, respectively. From the sequence, a 545-amino acid (aa) polypeptide was deduced, and comparison with those of Tn501 and R100 revealed 80.6% and 80.0% homology, respectively, at the aa sequence level. Divergence among the three merA aa sequences was clustered within a specific region (aa positions 41-87). By analysis of codon usage frequency, it is speculated that the T. ferrooxidans merA gene originated from Tn501, R100, or a common ancestral gene, but not from T. ferrooxidans itself.

Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans↗
PubMed1989

Effect of route of administration in the micronucleus test with potassium bromate.

The effect of intraperitoneal injection (i.p.) versus oral gavage administration (p.o.) of potassium bromate was examined using the micronucleus test in 2 strains of male mice (MS/Ae and CD-1). First, a small acute toxicity test and a pilot micronucleus experiment were performed to determine the appropriate dose range and sampling time for the full-scale micronucleus test. The full-scale test was carried out using doses of 18.8, 37.5, 75, and 150 mg/kg in the i.p. test and of 37.5, 75, 150, and 300 mg/kg in the p.o. test. The sampling time was 24 h for both mouse strains. Potassium bromate induced micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPCEs) dose-dependently by both routes of administration in both mouse strains. No distinct difference in route of administration was observed in the test with MS/Ae mice. In CD-1 mice more MNPCEs were induced by the i.p. route than by the p.o. route.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1989

Ethnic differences in blood pressure level between Japanese school children in Bolivia and native Bolivians.

Blood pressure levels were measured in 626 children (138 Japanese, 477 Bolivian and 11 of mixed blood) in a Japanese agricultural settlement in Bolivia. Systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure was higher in Japanese children than in Bolivian children at each measured age by 4.09 mmHg (P = 0.0001) and 2.25 mmHg (P = 0.0038), respectively, using analysis of covariance. Although the slope of the regression line both for SBP and for DBP with age tended to be greater in Japanese, this was not statistically significant. There were no ethnic differences in height, weight or body mass index, however, which are usually indicators that correlate well with blood pressure. Ethnic differences in blood pressure were also shown at each of the measured values of height (SBP: 3.93, DBP: 2.19) and weight (SBP: 4.03, DBP: 2.23). Factors causing these ethnic differences are discussed in relation to cultural and genetic considerations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Role of Ca2+ in the substrate binding and catalytic functions of snake venom phospholipases A2.

Phospholipases A2 are classified into two groups, I and II, according to differences in the polypeptide-chain length and the intramolecular-disulfide bondings. The effects of Ca2+ on the kinetic parameters for the hydrolysis of monodispersed and micellar phosphatidylcholines, catalyzed by a cobra (Naja naja atra) enzyme (Group I) and by mamushi (Agkistrodon halys blomhoffii) and habu (Trimeresurus flavoviridis) enzymes (Group II), were studied by the pH-statassay method at 25 degrees C, pH 8.0-8.2, and ionic strength 0.1-0.2. The results were compared with those reported for the other Group I and II enzymes. The Ca2+ binding was clearly shown to be essential for the catalysis of all the phospholipases A2. However, the substrate binding to Group I enzymes was found to be independent of the Ca2+ binding. On the other hand, the substrate binding to Group II enzymes was facilitated more than 10 times by the binding of Ca2+ to the enzymes. This was interpreted in terms of conformation changes of the peptide loop of residues 26 to 44 accompanying the Ca2+ binding. The latter result, but not the former, seems compatible with the hypothesis for interpreting the catalytic mechanism of phospholipases A2 that an intermediate complex should be stabilized by the coordination of the bound Ca2+ ion with the phosphoryl group and the carbonyl oxygen atom of the ester bond at the sn-2 position of the bound substrate molecule [Verheij et al. (1980) Biochemistry 19, 743-750 and (1981) Rev. Physiol. Biochem. Pharmacol. 91, 91-203]. According to the similarity in the primary and tertiary structures of the active sites of both types of enzymes [Renetseder et al. (1985) J. Biol. Chem. 260, 11627-11634], it is supposed that similar intermediate complexes may occur even for Group I enzymes, at least in the transition state of the productive complexes.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Cloning and expression of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans mercury ion resistance genes in Escherichia coli.

A search of various domestic isolates of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans revealed that some were fairly resistant to mercury ion. A proportion of mercury-resistant clones were able to volatilize mercury, and their corresponding gene was localized not in the plasmid DNA but in chromosomal DNA. This mercury ion resistance gene was cloned in Escherichia coli. E. coli carrying the recombinant plasmid was able to grow in the presence of more than 40 micrograms of HgCl2 per ml. Deletion analysis of the recombinant plasmid showed that the entire coding sequence of the mercury ion resistance gene was located within a 2.3-kilobase fragment of the chromosomal DNA from strain E-15. At least two polypeptides (molecular mass, 56 and 16 kDa, respectively) were coded by this fragment.

Bacterial Proteins↗
PubMed1989

Overt diabetes induced by overeating in neonatally STZ-treated impaired glucose tolerant mice: long-term follow up study.

This study has investigated the effect of a long period of overeating on the glycemic control and pancreatic beta-cell function in neonatally streptozocin treated impaired glucose tolerant mice. Neonatally streptozocin (60 mg/kg) treated male ICR mice with 150-200 mg/dl of fed blood glucose levels were divided into two groups at 6 weeks of age. One group was maintained on a cafeteria diet (SZC) and the other on ordinary mouse chow (SZ) until 30 weeks of age. Normal male ICR mice were divided into a cafeteria diet group (CC) and an ordinary chow group (Cont). SZC and CC consumed 134-124% of the caloric intake in SZ and Cont throughout the study. Marked elevation of the fed blood glucose level was observed and the glucose tolerance was progressively impaired in SZC. On pancreas perfusion at 30 weeks of age, insulin secretion to 30 mM glucose in SZC was significantly decreased compared with that in SZ. That in CC was slightly decreased compared with that in Cont. The pancreatic insulin concentration in SZC was significantly less than that in SZ. We conclude that chronic hyperglycemia, induced by the long period of overeating, accelerated the selective loss of beta-cell sensitivity to glucose. Even in normal mice that did not have marked hyperglycemia, insulin secretion to glucose was suppressed, probably by chronic stimulation of the beta-cell due to the long period of dietary excess.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[The clinical course of nodular type hepatocellular carcinomas after transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) therapy].

TAEs were performed for 14 cases of nodular type hepatocellular carcinomas. The tumor size in 10 of the 14 cases was less than 5.0 cm in diameter. After 2 to 3 TAEs for each of the cases, tumor regression was noted in 11 cases and a decrease in the serum AFP in every case. The 1-year survival rate (1 YSR) was 79%, the 2YSR was 42%, and 3YSR was 10%, Re-growth of the tumors was observed in 45% of the cases 1-year after, and in all cases 2-year after. In cases which had multiple nodules or an incomplete capsule or a poor accumulation of Lipiodol, re-growth occurred even earlier.

Aged↗