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Biomedical subjects

Y Kasuga

Publications and source records attributed to Y Kasuga.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Prolongation of PT and APTT under excessive anticoagulant in plasma from rats and dogs.

Prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) were studied under excessive sodium citrate using the plasma from rats and beagle dogs. Addition of sodium citrate into the plasma caused a prolongation of PT and APTT. The prolongation was dependent on the concentration of sodium citrate or calculated hematocrit. The degree of prolongation was more severe in rats than in dogs, and in APTT than in PT. These results suggest that an artificial prolongation of PT and APTT occurs under excessive sodium citrate (e.g., elevated hematocrit), and that the degree differs between species and between parameters.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

A method to differentiate between thyroglobulin derived from normal thyroid tissue and from thyroid carcinoma based on analysis of reactivity to lectins.

OBJECTIVE: The composition of sugar chains on thyroglobulin (Tg) produced in thyroid carcinoma cells (C-Tg) is different from Tg produced in normal thyroid tissues (N-Tg). In this study, we designed a new method for detecting Tg derived from thyroid carcinoma based on the differences between C-Tg and N-Tg in the reactivity with lectins. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thyroglobulin preparations obtained from various thyroid tissues were incubated with lectins, and the amount of lectin-unbound Tg (ub-Tg) in the supernatant relative to Tg untreated with lectin was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and expressed as ub-Tg(%). In addition, to study further the differences in glycosylation between C-Tg and N-Tg, concanavalin A binding to Tg digested with Staphylococcus aureus V8 protease was analyzed on nitrocellulose membrane after Western blotting. RESULTS: The ub-Tg(%) in C-Tg from papillary carcinoma was significantly higher than in Tg from Graves' disease, benign goiter, and normal thyroid tissue for both concanavalin A and ricinus communis agglutinin-120. Concanavalin A did not appear to bind to Tg from papillary carcinoma after V8 treatment by Western blot analysis. The ub-Tg(%) in Tg from follicular adenoma was significantly higher than C-Tg from follicular carcinoma, whereas there were no differences in ub-Tg(%) between follicular carcinoma and normal thyroid tissue in concanavalin A treatment. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest our new methods can distinguish both between C-Tg from papillary carcinoma and N-Tg, and between follicular carcinoma and follicular adenoma in thyroid tissue specimens. Thus, this type of analysis may be applicable to differentiate C-Tg from N-Tg in thyroid aspirates for the adjunctive cytodiagnosis of thyroid carcinoma.

Biomarkers↗
PubMed1997

A Case of Occult Breast Cancer With Paraneoplastic Polyneuropathy.

We encountered a very rarc case of occult breast cancer associated with paraneoplastic sensory polyneuropathy. A 59-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital complaining of numbness in all extremities, ataxia of left extremities and a tumor in the left axilla. From the neurological findings, a malignant tumor was suspected. The immunohistochemical analysis of the axillar swollen lymph node revealed metastasis from breast cancer and confirmed the primary lesion. On a preoperative diagnosis of suspected occult breast cancer, left mastectomy and resection of left axillar lymph nodes were performed. Furthermore, immunohistochemical staining of sural nerves and Western blot analysis of the serum of this patient showed the loss of axons and the presence of antineural antibody in the seurm. Immunological response was considered to be the remote effector system between the breast cancer and sensory polyneuropathy in this disorder.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1997

Postoperative outcome of insufficient surgery for small differentiated thyroid carcinoma.

We performed conservative surgery for small differentiated thyroid carcinoma, but also inadvertently carried out minimal insufficient surgery, such as enucleation (Ex) or partial lobectomy (pLx) without regional node dissection for malignant thyroid nodules. In this study, the long-term postoperative outcome after such insufficient surgical treatment was evaluated. Of 348 patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma who underwent initial surgery between 1953 and 1976, 84 underwent either Ex or pLx and their records are herein reviewed. The frequency of recurrence from the remnant gland or regional lymph nodes was examined in relation to the tumor diameter (< or = 1.0 cm, tis; 1.0 cm-2.0 cm, t1; > 2.0 cm, t2). After Ex/pLx, the recurrence rate in the tis group was 13.3% and not significantly different from that (13.6%) in the t1 group. The recurrence rate was notably increased in the t2 group. Moreover, there was no significant difference between the recurrence rate in the tis and t1 groups after Ex/pLx and that after lobectomy with nodal dissection. These results suggest that a reoperative procedure with a more extensive thyroidectomy and neck dissection might not necessarily be required immediately after minimal insufficient surgery is inadvertently carried out in patients with small differentiated thyroid carcinoma measuring 2.0 cm in diameter or less.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Development of Graves' disease after surgical treatment for thyroid nodules: report of four cases.

We report herein rare cases who developed hyperthyroid Graves' disease after surgical treatments for thyroid nodules. We have seen only 4 such cases in the course of 1680 consecutive cases (0.24%) of thyroidectomies in which partial thyroidectomy was carried out from 1966 to 1993. It is of interest that because 2 of these three cases (67%) were associated with positive TGHA and/or MCHA at the time of surgery, the presence of autoimmune thyroiditis may predispose to Graves' disease, but surgical treatment of the thyroid glands may not be related to the development of Graves' disease, because the hyperthyroid symptoms appeared 2 to 27 years (mean: 12 years) after the surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Effect of blood collection imitating toxicokinetic study on rat hematological parameters.

The effect of blood collection imitating a one-month toxicokinetic study on hematological parameters was studied in male rats (6 weeks of age at the beginning of the experiment). Three groups were established according to blood sampling points per day; Group I (3 points), Group II (5 points) and Group III (10 points). These repeated blood samplings were carried out on the first and last days of this study, and one-point blood sampling was also done every week during the experiment. In each sampling, 0.3 ml of blood was collected from the jugular vein. There were no changes in Group I, but in other groups, especially in Group III, red blood cell counts, hematocrit and hemoglobin concentration decreased during repeated blood sampling. On the other hand, white blood cell counts also decreased, but recovered within 24 hr. Platelet counts did not show any decrement. From the present result, less than 0.9 ml of blood per day is conceivable as the volume without causing changes in hematological parameters. The baseline of the sampling volume can become one reference for toxicokinetic and toxicological studies.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Thoracic duct cyst in supraclavicular region.

A 28-year-old female attended an outpatient clinic in October, 1989, because of a tumor in the left supraclavicular fossa, detected in a health examination. Following exploratory puncture of the tumor which yielded milky-white fluid, suggesting a cyst in the thoracic duct, she was admitted to our department. The cyst was unilocular measuring about 6 cm in diameter, and the fluid content was chyle-rich in lipids. Lymphography demonstrated a lymphatic structure adjacent to the lesion and scattered lymph vessels on the cyst surface. On November 16 the cyst was resected. A restiform structure was observed between the cyst and the thoracic duct, but the presence or absence of communication was unclear. The histological diagnosis was thoracic duct cyst. Thoracic duct cyst occurring in the cervical region is very rare. Our case may provide useful information as to its pathogenesis and the mode of retention of cyst fluid.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Bactericidal effects of mouth rinses on oral bacteria.

The bactericidal efficacy of two types of Listerine; Listerine and Cool Mint Listerine, and povidone iodine on oral microorganisms, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Streptococcus pyogenes, Helicobacter pylori and Candida albicans were examined. Most of the oral bacteria were killed completely by a 10-sec exposure to Listerine or Cool Mint Listerine. H. pylori, MRSA and C. albicans were also reduced by a 30-sec exposure to the Listerine mouth rinse. Bacteria in dental plaque were decreased by exposure to Listerine, Cool Mint Listerine, and povidone iodine for 30 seconds. Mouthwashing with Listerine for 30 seconds resulted in a decrease to approximately 1/100 of the viable bacterial counts in saliva. These bactericidal effects against bacteria in saliva and dental plaque indicated that Listerine and Cool Mint Listerine antiseptic are useful in oral cavity as antiseptic mouth rinses.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Development of Graves' disease from asymptomatic autoimmune thyroiditis: a case report.

We report herein a case of hyperthyroid Graves' disease developed from asymptomatic autoimmune thyroiditis (AAT). A 25-year-old single female with AAT was followed up for over 3 years. Thereafter her condition progressed to hyperthyroidism with both positive TSH receptor antibodies (TRAb) and an increase in antithyroidal antibodies. It is possible that there was continuous destruction of thyroid epithelial cells without a hyperthyroid state, followed by production of TRAb, although Graves' disease very rarely develops from destructive thyroiditis including AAT.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Evans' syndrome associated with Graves' disease.

A 36-year-old woman who had had Graves' disease for 6 years was admitted with severe thrombocytopenia. Evans' syndrome was diagnosed. The patient's family history showed multiple cases of Graves' disease but no cases of Evans' syndrome. Both conditions in this patient improved with corticosteroid and thiamazole therapy. Several autoimmune antibodies were found, but a common autoimmune mechanism was not clearly shown. Although the combination of Graves' disease and Evans' syndrome had not occurred previously in her family, genetic factors may play an important role in the pathogenesis of both conditions.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1995

Flush induced by fluoroquinolones in canine skin.

The flush induced by two fluoroquinolone antibacterial agents, balofloxacin and ofloxacin, was studied in beagle dogs. Intradermal injection of the fluoroquinolones at concentrations above 10(-5) M produced a localized flushed area. The flush responses to fluoroquinolones were inhibited by co-administration with H2-antagonist(s) (ranitidine or cimetidine), but not with H1-antagonist(s) (mepyramine or chlorpheniramine). Similar inhibitory effects of these H2-antagonists were observed for the response to histamine. The flush responses to fluoroquinolones were inhibited by a local pretreatment with compound 48/80 administered to deplete the local stores of mast cell-bound histamine. When the fluoroquinolones were orally administered at a dose of 400 mg/kg, the concentration of histamine in plasma was increased, being accompanied by systemic erythema. These results indicate that the flush induced by fluoroquinolones is mediated by histamine release from canine cutaneous mast cells and H2-receptor stimulation.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Histopathological features of atrophic thyroiditis with blocking type-TSH binding inhibitor immunoglobulins.

To investigate the histopathological features of atrophic thyroiditis (AT) with blocking type-TSH binding inhibitor immunoglobulins (TBII), the present morphological observations were carried out employing additional immunohistochemical procedures. Moreover, these were compared with examples of goitrous Hashimoto's thyroiditis showing negative TBII (HT). There exist apparent differences between AT and HT. In particular, significant follicular atrophy with epithelial flattening including decreased positive staining of the follicular epithelial cells for thyroglobulin in AT was characteristically observed. These results suggest that the mechanism for the development of hypothyroidism in AT with blocking type-TBII might be due to suppression of thyroid cell function through the inhibition of endogenous TSH stimulation by the blocking antibody with subsequent epithelial degenerative destruction.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[5-FU concentrations in the blood and tumor tissue after 5'-DFUR or UFT administration in the patients with uterine cervical cancer].

In order to verify the antitumor activity of fluorinated pyrimidine drugs, we conducted an investigation of the clinical pharmacology with two drugs, 5'-DFUR and UFT. Total 21 cases of cervical cancer were alloted randomly into 5'-DFUR group (daily dose 800 mg for 3 days) consisting of 11 patients and UFT group (daily dose 600 mg for 3 days) consisting of 10 patients, the unchanged substances (5'-DFUR in the 5'-DFUR group and tegafur concentrations in the UFT group) and 5-FU concentrations in serum and tissues were measured 6 hours after administration of the drugs. The 5'-DFUR concentration in the 5'-DFUR group was not detected in serum and less than a detectable limit for all of cancerous tissues, normal cervical tissues, and lymph nodes. The tegafur concentrations in the UFT treated group was 13.8 +/- 7.0 micrograms/ml for serum, 10.4 +/- 6.4 micrograms/g for cancerous tissues, 14.1 +/- 7.3 micrograms/g for normal cervical tissues, and 4.5 +/- 4.2 micrograms/g for lymph nodes. The 5-FU concentrations in the 5'-DFUR treated group were 0.018 +/- 0.046 micrograms/g for cancerous tissues, but less than a detectable limit for serum and normal cervical tissues. On the other hand, in the UFT group, 0.271 +/- 0.247 micrograms/g for a cancerous tissue, 0.035 +/- 0.018 micrograms/ml for serum, 0.125 +/- 0.073 micrograms/g for normal cervical tissues, showing significantly high values (p < 0.01, p < 0.001, and p < 0.01, respectively) compared to those in the 5'-DFUR treated group. These results suggest that UFT is a promising drug for the treatment of cancer of the uterine cervix.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1994

Significance of values of thyrotropin binding inhibitor immunoglobulins and appearance of intrathyroidal lymphocytes at subtotal thyroidectomy for Graves' disease.

This study was undertaken to investigate whether thyrotropin binding inhibitor immunoglobulins (TBII) values at and after subtotal thyroidectomy correlated with the outcome or the histologic grade applied to the appearance of intrathyroidal lymphocytes at the time of surgical treatment. In addition, the main reason for the study was to determine whether or not it was possible to predict the outcome after the operation by the data obtained. There was no relation between the TBII results and the grade of the appearance of intrathyroidal lymphocytes at the time of operation or the TBII postoperative results (whether positive or negative) and the final outcome. However, it was of interest that patients with a recurrence of hyperthyroidism had the TBII values of more than 50 percent at the time of surgical treatment, and also manifested continuously positive TBII values after the operation. They also had moderate grades of lymphocytic infiltration and lymph follicle formation in the surgical specimen. It seemed impossible to predict the outcome of each instance in accordance with TBII values and the grade of the appearance of intrathyroidal lymphocytes at the time of the operation. However, it might be possible to predict at least the recurrence of hyperthyroidism by the consideration of changes of TBII values postoperatively.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Combination neoadjuvant therapy with continuous intra-arterial CDDP infusion and radiotherapy for locally advanced breast cancer].

Neoadjuvant therapy combined with intra-arterial continuous infusion of CDDP and external radiation was evaluated in a patient with locally advanced breast cancer. Although only MR was observed on the primary tumor, PR was found in several metastatic lymph nodes and daughter nodules. All tumor markers elevated before treatment decreased to normal ranges only by this therapy, and histological damage was also recognized remarkably with a high concentration of free Pt (8.89 micrograms/g) in cancer tissues. Since no severe side effects appeared during the present therapy, extended radical mastectomy with wide skin resection could be performed following additional intra-arterial chemotherapy using 5-FU, epi-ADM and MMC. From this experience, it was suggested that CDDP was an useful drug in the chemotherapy for breast cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

The use of the severe combined immunodeficient mouse and the athymic "nude" mouse as models for the study of human autoimmune thyroid disease.

The athymic "nude" mouse and the severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mouse have differing immunological properties which permit complementary studies of autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD). The nude mouse accepts human thyroid xenografts, but lyses the passenger lymphocytes, whereas in the SCID mouse both the xenograft and its lymphocytes survive. Human AITD thyroid xenografts manifest a worsening of the pathological picture in the SCID mouse, but show a return to normal morphology and function in the nude mouse at the time of sacrifice 6-8 weeks after engraftment. Such tissue which has been grafted into the nude mouse can be retrieved and then can be re-xenografted into the SCID mouse. Normalized AITD thyroid tissue (from the nude mouse xenograft) will remain normal in the SCID mouse, but if xenografted into a SCID mouse which already has a primary autologous AITD thyroid xenograft, or if autologous PBMC are added, the AITD lesion will be reproduced. This demonstrates the primacy of the immune system in AITD and constitutes a useful model for the study of this human disorder.

Animals↗