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Biomedical subjects

Y Kasai

Publications and source records attributed to Y Kasai.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

[Hepatic tumors in childhood (author's transl)].

The results of Treatment of Liver malignant primary tumors are analyzed. 16 Tumors have been treated in 15 years. The best method appeared to be radical Hepatic resection. The post operative level of A.F.P. is the first sign of Tumor recurrence and permits an Intensive Chemotherapy.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1978

Thyroid cancer in childhood.

Thyroid cancer in childhood is a relatively rare condition. Often it shows biological characteristics different from those seen in adults. Based upon 10 cases in our clinic and 57 cases collected from the Japanese literatures, clinical features, pathology, treatment and prognosis of thyroid cancer in childhood are discussed. Pathogenesis is most likely to be related to hormonal changes during adolescence and previous radiation of the neck region. Cervical lymph nodes swelling was the chief complaint in 84.6 per cent of the cases. On the other hand, pulmonary metastases were recognized in the early stages in 33.5 per cent of the cases. Radical excision of the tumor with modified radical neck dissection is the treatment most frequently employed even in the presence of lung metastases. However, hypoparathyroidism and recurrent nerve injuries should be avoided at all cost in view of long life expectancy and the difficulty in treating them satisfactorily. Prognosis could be as good for children as it is for adults except in cases with early lung metastases.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1978

Operative treatment of alveolar echinococcosis of the liver.

This study is based on the experience with 51 cases of hepatic alveolar echinococcosis underwent operative treatment up to the end of 1976. Hepatic resection was carried out in 28 cases with overall operative mortality of 25 per cent, but no death occurred in the last 10 years period during which 12 cases were subjected to the procedure. This apparent improvement of the result is ascribed to the establishment of the strict criteria for operative intervention, i.e., when less than three segments are involved, the hepatic hilum is not highly involved, and the inferior vena cava is not invaded. Marsupialization is employed when hepatic resection is not indicated and the lesion shows liquefaction. Ten cases underwent the procedure with one operative death. Biliary tract reconstruction was carried out in two cases with hilar involvement, but the prognosis was poor. Eleven cases were only with celiotomy. The follow-up studies indicated that the hepatic resection offers the best hope for cure followed by marsupialization. Unlike unilocular echinococcosis in which a cyst grows expansively, the alveolar echinococcosis should be considered clinically malignant, in that it grows invasively and often shows metastatic lesions. Surgical intervention at its early developmental stage is the only definitive way of the treatment. Only recent advances in diagnostic procedures and development of type specific serological studies made it possible to bring the disease under control.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Stage IVS neuroblastoma.

This is a review of the findings in 10 cases of stage IVS neuroblastoma, that have been observed in the First Surgical Department of Hokkaido University Hospital. The patients under the age of 1 yr in stage IVS neuroblastoma have a favorable prognosis; the survival rate was 70%. The regressions were histologically confirmed as maturation of the neuroblastoma cells to ganglioma cells. The lymphocyte counts and T-cell function were well maintained in the surviving patients but both were markedly reduced in the patients who later died. The treatment should be conservative so that immune mechanisms are not inhibited and should be withheld until respiratory failure or progressive signs toward stage IV are identified.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1978

Occurrence of Yersinia enterocolitica in house rats.

From July 1976 to May 1977, 270 rats (259 Rattus norvegicus and R. rattus) in Sapporo were examined for the presence of Yersinia enterocolitica in house rats. The organism was isolated in 55 rats (54 R. norvegicus and 1 R. rattus). Isolated strains were determined as O group (O)3, biovar 4; O4, biovar 1; O5A, biovar 1; and O6, biovar 1. The isolation of O3, biovar 4 strains from R. norvegicus is the first in the world, as far as we know. The organism was isolated from the duodenum in 3 rats, the jejunum in 7 rats, the ileum in 8 rats, the cecum in 34 rats, the colon in 23 rats, the rectum in 16 rats, and the mesenteric lymph nodes in 5 rats. The organism was not isolated from liver, spleen, and kidneys. Isolation of the organism from the mesenteric lymph nodes was made in 1 out of 2 O3-positive rats, 1 out of 7 O5A-positive ones, and 3 out of 29 O6-positive ones. A high agglutinin titer was recorded in the two O3-positive rats and in one O6-positive animal.

Agglutinins↗
PubMed1978

[Clinical and experimental study on hepatorenal syndrome in terms of obstructive jaundice (author's transl)].

In our department, hepatorenal syndrome was highly associated with obstructive jaundice and was seen in 9.2 percent of patients with obstructive jaundice. This syndrome developed when in underlying hepatic disease, acute renal failure supervened. Histological findings of renal failure caused by obstructive jaundice were summarized as tubular necrosis and the presence of protein-like substance in the glomerulus, which were mostly reversible and similar to those seen in shock. To investigate the pathogenesis of hepatorenal syndrome, experimentally the common duct in dog was ligated to produce obstructive jaundice and B. Klebsiella was injected into the bile duct to produce cholangiolitis. From this study, it was evident that cholangiolar infection was closely correlated with the manifestation of renal failure. In fact, without acquiring infection, renal failure did not occur. Moreover, this infection produced endotoxemia with high incidence. Therefore, it is assumed that this cholangiolar infection plays an important role in the pathogenesis of hepatorenal syndrome caused by obstructive jaundice.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1978

[Yolk sac tumor (author's transl)].

An analysis was made from a histopathological and clinical standpoint of 6 cases of yolk sac tumor over a period of 15 years, treated in the first surgical department of the University of Hokkaido. All these cases, with the exception of one retroperitoneal tumor, were diagnosed as embryonic carcinomas before the study. AFP were examined throughout the duration of treatment and their levels reflected changes corresponding to the effects of treatment and recurrence. They were seen in the form of special fluorescence in the tumor cells using the antibody immunofluorescence method. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy may be effective, but the prognosis of these tumors is poor. Amongst the cases mentioned, only the child with a tumor of testicular origin is in good health.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1977

Carcinoma arising in the cyst of the liver--report of three cases--.

A generally recognized concept dictates that surgical intervention for non-parasitic cysts of the liver is mostly palliative such as aspiration of the content, suture and closure, internal or external drainage, marsupialization, and unroofing of the cyst, while total excision of the entire cyst, which sometimes necessitates hepatic resection, is not usually recommended.3, 6, 9 The results of these lesser procedures have been acceptable, favoring those conservative procedures. This paper presents three cases with carcinoma arising in the cysts of the liver. Review of the present cases with five comparable cases appearing in the literature revealed that young female population and left lobe of the liver are frequently involved. Hence the general trend for palliative procedures should be reassessed. Possible malignancy should be considered when a patient belongs to this category, the cystic content is not clear, or the cystic wall presents irregular texture with nodules. The carcinomatous changes would have been of higher incidence than reported if the entire cysts had been more carefully examined.

Adenocarcinoma, Papillary↗
PubMed1976

[Clinical and pathological considerations of Plummer's disease (author's transl)].

Four cases of Plummer's disease were experienced and its clinical and pathological characteristics were considered. Clinically, three cases were thyrotoxic or slightly toxic, but one was non-toxic. Thyroid scintigrams showed hot nodules which revealed autonomic production of thyroid hormone, and the depleted uptake of 131I in the thyroid glands around the nodules was recovered to normal after the surgical extripation of the nodules. Histologic findings of the extripated nodules were follicular adenoma or adenomatous goitor. On electron-microscopy, epithelial cells of the thyroid follicules in the nodules from all cases contained numerous secretory granules significantly increased in number, while development of the general cytoplasmic organelles varied from case to case. Capillaries in the nodules were fenestrated. Thus, the nodules were electron-microscopically revealed active secretion of thyroid hormone. The electron-microscopical examinations may be useful in the study of Plummer's disease.

Adenoma↗