Biomedical subjects

Y Kamiya

Publications and source records attributed to Y Kamiya.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources

PubMed1993

Increased content of epidermal growth factor in platelet lysates in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

We evaluated the content of EGF in platelet lysates obtained from 49 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM)(18 males, 31 females, age 58 +/- 13 years) and from 23 clinically healthy control subjects (11 males, 12 females, age 53 +/- 18 years). Platelets were collected from platelet-rich plasma and lysed. EGF was determined by radioimmunoassay. The immunoreactive EGF content in the platelet lysates in diabetic patients significantly exceeded that of control subjects (44.9 +/- 18.5 pg/mm3platelet vs. 34.2 +/- 7.8 pg/mm3platelet, mean +/- SD p < 0.008). In performing multiple regression analysis with ten clinical parameters, urinary albumin excretion (F = 16.1, r = 0.551, p < 0.001), duration of diabetes (F = 13.0, r = 0.511, p < 0.001) and the presence of diabetic proliferative retinopathy (F = 8.8, p < 0.01) were significantly associated with irEGF content in platelet lysates. These observations suggest that the amount of EGF in platelets may increase with the progression of diabetic complications. The mechanism for the increase of EGF in platelets remains to be clarified.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

Effect of ascorbic acid on pituitary prolactin secretion in the non-ascorbate synthesizing Osteogenic Disorder Shionogi (ODS) rat.

We examined the secretion of prolactin (PRL) in the hereditary scurvy-prone Osteogenic Disorder Shionogi (ODS) rat to investigate the role of ascorbic acid (AsA) in pituitary lactotroph and hypothalamic function. Plasma PRL concentrations of conscious AsA-deficient or control ODS rats were measured before and after the administration of metoclopramide (MCP), 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan (5-HTP) or saline. The basal plasma PRL levels did not differ between the two groups. However, the AsA-deficient rats exhibited significantly larger changes in plasma prolactin concentration in response to MCP or 5-HTP than the control ODS rats. Thus, AsA deficiency enhanced the stimulated, but not the basal, secretion of PRL in ODS rats. Our findings suggest that AsA may have an inhibitory effect on PRL secretion.

5-Hydroxytryptophan↗

PubMed1993

Transformation of coronary artery aneurysm to obstructive lesion and the role of collateral vessels in myocardial perfusion in patients with Kawasaki disease.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to examine the transformation of coronary artery aneurysms to obstructive lesions and to assess the role of collateral vessels in patients with Kawasaki disease. BACKGROUND: Coronary artery aneurysms, especially giant aneurysms, are known to become obstructive lesions in patients with Kawasaki disease. However, the process of transformation is not yet clear. METHODS: Thirty patients (average age 9.9 years) with obstructive lesions secondary to Kawasaki disease underwent repeated coronary artery angiography and thallium myocardial scintigraphy over a mean period of 7.7 years after the acute onset of Kawasaki disease. RESULTS: In the 27 patients who were enrolled in the acute phase of the disease because of coronary artery aneurysms, the later transformation to obstructive lesions was not significantly different between the 61 large and 6 medium-sized aneurysms. Obstructive transformation of aneurysms was more rapid in the right than in the left coronary artery (p < 0.001). From the last coronary angiogram obtained, the obstructive lesions were classified as localized stenosis > 90% in 10 vessels, occlusions in 6 vessels and segmental stenosis in 26 vessels. Both localized and segmental stenosis occurred significantly more often in the left anterior descending and the right coronary artery than in other vessels (p < 0.05). The incidence of collateral vessels was significantly correlated with a younger age at onset of Kawasaki disease, especially in patients with segmental stenosis (p < 0.001). Collateral vessels did not develop in the presence of localized stenosis regardless of the occurrence of myocardial ischemia. All occluded vessels had collateral development regardless of the presence of myocardial infarction. CONCLUSIONS: The treatment of localized stenosis may play an important role in preventing myocardial infarction in the chronic phase of Kawasaki disease.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed1993

The C. elegans unc-18 gene encodes a protein expressed in motor neurons.

The C. elegans unc-18 gene is required to maintain normal acetylcholine levels. We determined the complete structure of an unc-18 cDNA that encodes a protein of 591 highly charged and hydrophilic amino acids. The protein shows sequence similarity with elements of the secretory pathway in the yeast S. cerevisiae. Antibodies raised against a portion of the unc-18-encoded protein (UNC-18) detected a 68 kd soluble antigen on immunoblots and intensely stained all vertical cord motor neurons in situ. These findings suggest that UNC-18 participates in the axonal transport system and influences the acetylcholine flow in motor neurons.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed1993

Duodenal stromal tumor with neural differentiation.

A 49-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital for detailed evaluation of an abdominal mass. Ultrasonography and computed tomography revealed two tumors, one a submucosal lesion of the duodenal second portion and the other a left adrenal tumor. Angiography showed that the tumors were hypervascular. Both tumors were removed surgically and examined histologically using hematoxylin-eosin staining. The duodenal tumor (10 x 6 x 5 cm) was initially diagnosed as a schwannoma, but immunohistochemical studies showed that it was S-100 protein negative and neuron-specific enolase positive. Therefore, this tumor was identified as a stromal tumor with neural differentiation. The left adrenal tumor was a nonfunctioning adenoma.

Adenoma↗

PubMed1993

Effects of dibutyryl cyclic AMP and papaverine on intrahepatocytic bile acid transport. Role of vesicle transport.

The secondary messenger cyclic AMP plays an important role in regulating biliary excretory function by stimulating the transcytotic vesicle transport system, whereas papaverine exerts an inhibitory effect on this system. We therefore investigated their effects on bile acid-induced cytotoxicity and intrahepatocytic content of bile acid in primary cultured rat hepatocytes. Simultaneous addition of 1 mM dibutyryl cyclic AMP (DBcAMP), an analogue of cAMP, with 1 mM taurochenodeoxycholic acid (TCDCA) significantly decreased the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) as compared with the case with 1 mM TCDCA alone (7.1 +/- 0.13% of total versus 10.7 +/- 0.3%). In contrast, 0.1 mM papaverine approximately doubled the amount of LDH (22.0 +/- 0.6% of total versus 10.7 +/- 0.3%; P < 0.01). The intracellular content of TCDCA 180 min after the administration of 1 mM TCDCA alone was 20.8 +/- 0.7 nmol/mg protein, that after simultaneous administration of 1 mM DBcAMP, 16.2 +/- 1.0 nmol/mg protein, and that after the simultaneous administration of 0.1 mM papaverine, 38.5 +/- 1.9 nmol/mg protein. A clear correlation between the release of LDH from hepatocytes and the intracellular content of TCDCA was thus observed. When given together with 1 mM taurocholic acid (TCA) or 1 mM tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), papaverine exerted little effect on cytotoxicity or intrahepatocytic bile acid content. When cells were bathed in a medium free of bile acid after pretreatment with 1 mM TCDCA and 1 mM DBcAMP, additional exposure to DBcAMP for 30 min significantly stimulated reduction of intracellular TCDCA content (30.2 +/- 0.4% of total versus 44.0 +/- 1.4%).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗

PubMed1993

Serum myeloperoxidase and serum cytokines in anti-myeloperoxidase antibody-associated glomerulonephritis.

Anti-MPO antibodies, serum MPO and cytokines were examined in 106 patients with glomerulonephritis. Twenty-three patients had anti-MPO antibodies and crescent formation; 17 had crescentic glomerulonephritis (CRGN) and the remaining 6 had focal segmental necrosis with less than 50% crescent formation in the observed glomeruli. Pauci-immune CRGN accounted for 28 of 43 CRGN cases. Anti-MPO antibody titers were significantly higher in the cellular crescent stage and their titers correlated well with the number of crescents. Clinical observation revealed that 11 of 18 patients with anti-MPO antibody-associated CRGN had a respiratory tract infection prior to the onset of overt glomerulonephritis. Serum MPO was detected in 20 of 23 patients with anti-MPO antibodies and the amounts of MPO were especially high in the cellular crescent stage and correlated with anti-MPO antibodies. TNF-alpha and IL-6 were also detected in the sera in parallel with the anti-MPO antibody titers. These data suggest that anti-MPO antibodies, TNF-alpha and IL-6, induced by the infection, may activate neutrophils and MPO itself released from neutrophils, may play an important pathogenetic role in glomerular capillary necrosis leading to CRGN.

Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic↗

PubMed1992

Mutations in genes for acetylcholinesterase intensify lethality by acrylamide in Caenorhabditis elegans.

Acrylamide inhibits growth and results in death in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. The lethargic effect is marked in the mutants defective in genes for acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and the effect is approximately parallel with the decrease in AChE activity by mutations. Although neither the activity nor the localization of the enzyme is affected by acrylamide, the acetylcholine level was significantly elevated.

Acetylcholinesterase↗

PubMed1992

The unc-18 gene encodes a novel protein affecting the kinetics of acetylcholine metabolism in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans.

Genes affecting acetylcholine (ACh) levels without influencing choline acetyltransferase activity have been identified in Caenorhabditis elegans. We have examined one such gene, unc-18. We isolated a transposon-insertion allele for unc-18 and used it to clone a genomic region containing the unc-18 locus. The unc-18 location within this region was determined by rescuing the unc-18 mutant phenotype in a germ-line transformation experiment and identifying transcripts affected by four independent unc-18 mutations. A single-sized poly(A)+ RNA was synthesized from the gene. Expression of the transcript appears to be stage specific: The transcript is found in abundance at the early larval stage but in decreased amounts at the fourth larval and the adult stages. These results show that the unc-18 gene plays a role in development as well as in the kinetics of ACh metabolism.

Acetylcholine↗

PubMed1992

Thyroid storm associated with probable subclinical hypoadrenocorticism in an elderly woman.

A 73-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital for severe persistent vomiting with fever, drowsiness, and weight loss. Elevated serum levels of thyroid hormones and the presence of a consciousness disorder with fever and vomiting led to the diagnosis of thyroid storm. A low normal concentration of serum cortisol, urinary 17-hydroxycorticosteroids and an elevated plasma level of corticotropin suggest that an inadequate adrenal reserve have been involved in the pathogenesis of the thyroid storm in this patient. She responded to the administration of intravenous methimazole and oral supersaturated potassium iodide solution.

17-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗

PubMed1992

A case of Goodpasture's syndrome associated with anti-myeloperoxidase antibodies.

A case of Goodpasture's syndrome with anti-myeloperoxidase (MPO) antibodies is reported. Histological examination revealed crescentic glomerulonephritis and alveolar hemorrhage with linear deposition of IgG along the glomerular capillary walls and alveolar capillary walls by immunofluorescence microscopy. Not only anti-glomerular basement membrane (GBM) antibodies but also anti-MPO antibodies, an anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody, were simultaneously detected in the serum. Although it is generally accepted that crescentic glomerulonephritis in Goodpasture's syndrome is mediated by anti-GBM antibodies, this case suggested that anti-MPO antibodies might also participate in the pathogenesis of crescentic glomerulonephritis and probably alveolar hemorrhage of Goodpasture's syndrome, especially with vasculitis.

Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane Disease↗

PubMed1992

[Effects of isosorbide dinitrate on coronary and systemic circulation in children: comparison with dipyridamole].

The effects of isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN) on the coronary and systemic circulation were evaluated in comparison with the effects of dipyridamole (DP) in 8 children with histories of Kawasaki disease and angiographically normal coronary arteries. ISDN (100 micrograms/kg) was administered as an intracoronary injection. DP was administered intravenously at the rate of 0.56 mg/kg for 4 min. In the coronary circulation, DP induced a significant reduction of the afterload, resulting in an increase in cardiac output. However, the pulmonary artery pressure, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, which are related to the preload, were significantly reduced one min after the ISDN injection. The systolic blood pressure was reduced, while the heart rate was increased. The cardiac output, pressure-rate product or systemic vascular resistance showed no significant change. The systolic work index, however, was significantly reduced. In the coronary circulation, DP significantly increased the coronary sinus blood flow due to dilatation of the resistant vessels. However, ISDN significantly dilated the conductant vessels by 4.0 to 12.9% in diameter. There was, however, no change in the coronary blood flow, coronary perfusion pressure nor coronary vascular resistance. The grade of dilatation of the coronary vessels caused by ISDN was lower in children than in adults.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1992

[A case of microscopic polyarteritis nodosa associated with myeloperoxidase-antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies (MPO-ANCA)].

We report a case of microscopic polyarteritis nodosa associated with myeloperoxidase-antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies (MPO-ANCA). A 38 year-old female was admitted to our hospital, because of proteinuria, recurrent pyrexia, polyarthralgia, abdominal pain and purpura. She had a history of severe pulmonary hemorrhage and 4 kg weight loss for 8 months. On admission perinuclear ANCA without cytoplasmic ANCA was detected by indirect immunofluorescence assay and MPO-ANCA was detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. But anti-nuclear antibodies, immune complexes and anti-glomerular basement membrane antibodies were not detected. Renal biopsy showed necrotizing crescentic glomerulonephritis without immune deposits. Skin biopsy revealed leukocytoclastic vasculitis. Diagnosis of microscopic polyarteritis nodosa was made by these clinical and histological evidence of vasculitis. As renal failure progressed after admission, corticosteroid and cyclophosphamide administration were started. Renal function and other symptoms improved paralleled with decreased MPO-ANCA titer to normal values. It is suggested that MPO-ANCA may be closely related to the pathogenesis of microscopic polyarteritis nodosa and it may be a good serological marker for diagnosis and disease activity of this disease.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

[Lymphoid infiltration of colon cancer and clinical significance of the skin test].

It was reported that lymphoid infiltration (LI) of colon cancer tended to be found more commonly in patients with colonic cancer in an early stage than in an advanced stage. This time, the correlation among LI of colon cancer, cell-mediated immunity and the cumulative 5-year survival rate was studied in 124 patients with resected colon cancer. The results were as follows: 1) The cumulative 5-year survival rate in patients with positive LI was higher than that in the patients with negative LI. 2) There was correlation between the degree of LI of the cancer and Su-PS skin reaction. 3) Postoperative cell-mediated immunity was reduced in the cases of poor prognosis. Therefore we insist on paying attention to immunochemotherapy for 24 months after surgery.

Colonic Neoplasms↗

PubMed1992

[Early diagnosis and management against perioperative fungus infection].

Candida spp. is frequently detected from perioperative patients, especially from those requiring central venous catheter (CVC) management. CAND-TEC could detect the blood fungus infection easily and quickly. We analyzed 438 specimens from 57 patients requiring perioperative CVC management for more than three weeks, and investigated usefulness of CAND-TEC comparing with other serological methods. The dilution rate of CAND-TEC showed a positive correlation with amount of beta-D-glucan which was measured by Toxicolor test and Endotoxin-specific assay. It also showed a positive correlation with amount of D-arabinitol. When blood samples diluted more than four times were positive with CAND-TEC, the patients were considered to be infected, and accumulative infection rate was up to 84.2% three weeks after introduction of CVC management. CAND-TEC would be useful in detecting Candida infection compared with conventional methods, and the fungus infection was much more frequent incidence than ever expected. It is important to detect fungus infection early and respond immediately to avoid nosocomial infection.

Candidiasis↗

PubMed1991

Additional genes which result in an elevation of acetylcholine levels by mutations in Caenorhabditis elegans.

Four mutant genes (unc-17, unc-18, unc-41 and unc-13) have been identified that result in abnormal accumulation of acetylcholine (ACh). We have now identified 3 more such genes (unc-63, unc-11 and unc-64). In addition to the abnormal accumulation of ACh, mutants in these 7 genes possess common phenotypes in locomotion, resistance to inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and in post-embryonic development. These results suggest that the 7 genes are involved in some related functions.

Acetylcholine↗

PubMed1991

Transforming growth factor (TGF)-alpha in human milk.

Transforming growth factor (TGF)-alpha and epidermal growth factor (EGF) were measured in human milk by means of homologous radioimmunoassay. As previously reported, EGF concentration in the colostrum was approximately 200 ng/ml and decreased to 50 ng/ml by day 7 postpartum. The value of immunoreactive (IR)-TGF-alpha was 2.2-7.2 ng/ml, much lower than that of EGF. In contrast to EGF, the concentration of IR-TGF-alpha was fairly stable during the 7 postpartum days. There was no relationship between the concentrations of IR-TGF-alpha and IR-EGF, suggesting that the regulatory mechanism in the release of the two growth factors is different. On gel-chromatography using a Sephadex G-50 column, IR-EGF appeared in the fraction corresponding to that of authentic human EGF, while 70%-80% of the IR-TGF-alpha was eluted as a species with a molecular weight greater than that of authentic human TGF-alpha. Although the physiological role of TGF-alpha in milk is not known, it is possible that it is involved in the development of the mammary gland and/or the growth of newborn infants.

Epidermal Growth Factor↗

PubMed1991

Coronary sinus blood flow and coronary haemodynamic function in children: measurement by the continuous thermodilution method with coronary sinus cannulation via the femoral vein.

In 19 children with Kawasaki disease without any cardiac sequelae the coronary sinus was cannulated via the femoral vein with a specially designed flow catheter and coronary sinus blood flow was measured by the continuous thermodilution method. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between coronary sinus blood flow and age, body surface area, and left ventricular mass, but coronary sinus blood flow per left ventricular mass (100 g) was negatively correlated with age, body surface area, and left ventricular mass. Coronary vascular resistance was negatively correlated with age, body surface area, and left ventricular mass. Younger children require a much greater coronary blood flow per left ventricular mass and have a higher coronary vascular resistance than older children and adolescents. These results may indicate that coronary blood flow is less efficient in childhood than in adolescence or adulthood.

Adolescent↗