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Biomedical subjects

Y Kamei

Publications and source records attributed to Y Kamei.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Aqueous protein concentration after vitrectomy for diabetic retinopathy].

The protein concentration in the aqueous humor in 46 eyes with proliferative diabetic retinopathy was quantitated before and after vitrectomy. Before surgery, the protein value as measured by a laser flare-cell meter was 5 times that in normal control eyes. The value was elevated on day 3 after surgery and gradually decreased to reach the preoperative value 1 month after surgery. The postoperative protein value significantly increased in accordance with the complexity of surgical maneuvers until day 17 when the 46 eyes were classified into 3 groups: simple-maneuver group (12 eyes), membrane delamination group (18 eyes) and silicone oil group (16 eyes). The time course of aqueous protein concentration in the simple-maneuver group was similar to that after vitrectomy for vitreous hemorrhage in 8 eyes with prior branch retinal vein occlusion. The observed increase in aqueous protein after vitrectomy seemed to be transferred from vitreous cavity to anterior chamber.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Lipoprotein lipase enzyme expression in 3T3-L1 adipocytes is posttranscriptionally down-regulated by retinoic acid.

The effects of all-trans retinoic acid (RA) on the lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity, synthesis and mRNA content in 3T3-L1 adipocytes were studied. When fully differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes were exposed to RA, dose-dependent suppression of LPL activity was observed. The loss of activity reached a maximum of 60% of the control level and appeared to be due to an effect on synthesis of the enzyme, as judged from the decreased incorporation of [35S] methionine and [35S] cysteine into immunoprecipitable LPL. The LPL mRNA level remained unchanged under the same conditions. In contrast, no significant reduction in glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase activity or change in the morphological signature occurred on 24 hr exposure of 3T3-L1 adipocytes to RA. These results suggest that RA can specifically down-regulate LPL enzyme expression in adipocytes at the posttranscriptional level.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1991

Ossifying fibroma in the sylvian fissure: case report.

A rare case of an ossifying fibroma that developed in the sylvian fissure is reported here. During surgery, branches of the middle cerebral artery were encased in osseous tumor. The encased branches were divided and reanastomosed after the mass was removed. Postoperative angiograms demonstrated patency of the anastomosed arteries and a postoperative magnetic resonance imaging scan revealed no infarction distal to the arterial anastomoses. The authors recommend division and anastomosis of the encased arteries rather than partial removal of tumor from around the encased arteries, resulting in residual tumor being left behind.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[The state of the vitreous in idiopathic macular holes].

We examined the vitreous of 37 eyes of 31 patients with macular holes of various stages. There was no posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) in 18 of 18 impending and 19 of 20 newly formed macular holes. In newly formed macular holes, the operculum was located either at the level of or immediately anterior to the retinal surface. The gel component of the vitreous was always separated from the posterior fundus by intervening liquefied lacuna, simulating PVD. However, the cortical vitreous was located posterior to the liquefied lacuna and remained attached to the retina. PVD failed to develop in all of 15 eyes during the follow-up period of 3 months after formation of a macular hole. The incidence of PVD increased in the eyes with macular holes lasting for 1 year or longer. In our present series, PVD in its classical sense did not contribute to the pathogenesis of macular holes as it developed after formation of the latter. Instead, a subtle anterior displacement of vitreous cortex strictly confined to the area of the fovea seemed to trigger the development of idiopathic macular holes.

Female↗
PubMed1990

Comparative investigation of vitamins and their analogues on terminal differentiation, from preadipocytes to adipocytes, of 3T3-L1 cells.

1. The effects of 20 kinds of vitamins or their analogues on the growth rate of preadipocytes and the terminal differentiation of preadipocytes to adipocytes was systematically compared in 3T3-L1 cells. 2. The addition of vitamin C markedly increased the growth rate of preadipocytes at over 50 microM. 3. The addition of vitamin K3 slowed down the growth rate at over 0.1 microM. 4. In water soluble vitamins and their analogues tested, the vitamin B6 group and vitamin C significantly stimulated the differentiation, and consequently increased the glycerophosphate dehydrogenase activity and triglyceride accumulation, to a concentration of over 10 microM. 5. Many fat soluble vitamins and their analogues (the vitamin A group, including beta-carotene, the vitamin D group, vitamin E and the vitamin K group) strongly inhibited the adipose conversion of 3T3-L1 cells at microM level.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1990

[Treatment of vegetative status with dorsum column stimulation].

UNLABELLED: We have already reported that DCS (Dorsum Column Stimulation) alleviates the clinical symptoms of patients in vegetative status. Since then, we have accumulated information about 23 cases that have been treated by DCS therapy. In this paper, we describe the clinical outcome and compare cases where the treatment was effective with those where it was non-effective to evaluate the indications for further use of this treatment. RESULTS: 1) Eight of these cases showed good clinical improvement. 2) Most of the cases where the treatment was effective were young. Starting neurostimulation early brought about better clinical effects. 3) The clinical effects appeared 1-12 months after the start of the neurostimulation. 4) CT findings in the cases which had been treated effectively showed no marked cerebral atrophy, and no bilateral large diffuse low-density areas not involving the thalamus. Neither did they show any definite and large low-density areas in the brainstem. In conclusion, when the dorsum column was stimulated to treat vegetative status in which CT disclosed none of the abnormal findings described above, it increased r-CBF, enhanced the metabolism of catecholamine, and brought clinical improvement.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Natural killer (NK) activity of peripheral blood and regional lymph nodes in patients with genitourinary malignant tumors. 1. NK activity of peripheral blood in patients with genitourinary malignant tumors].

51Cr-release assay is a popular method to measure the cytotoxicity of natural killer cells, so-called NK activity, but this assay includes trouble-some steps and management because of using radioisotope (RI) reagent. ATP-chemiluminescence assay (ATP assay), a new method, does not require RI. This assay measures intracellular adenosintriphosphate (ATP) volume by Luciferin-Luciferase reaction. In the research for this paper, the NK activity in 40 healthy donors, 40 patients with urological benign diseases and 39 patients with malignant tumors was measured by both 51Cr-release and ATP assay. The values obtained by these two methods showed a high correlation (r = 0.78). And the NK activity in patients with malignant tumors was lower in high stage patients than it was in low stage patients. These results proposed that ATP assay would be more suitable than 51Cr-release assay for measuring not only NK activity but also the other cytotoxic tests, because ATP is present only in living cells and that, in patients with genitourinary malignant tumors, NK activity of peripheral blood would be a useful tumor marker.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Natural killer (NK) activity of peripheral blood and regional lymph nodes in patients with genitourinary malignant tumors. 2. NK activity and T-lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood and regional lymph nodes].

We investigated natural killer (NK) activity and T-lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood and regional lymph nodes in order to examine the host's defence mechanisms against cancer. The materials were obtained from 26 patients with genitourinary cancer and 9 patients with benign diseases, who were used as controls. NK activity was measured by ATP-chemiluminescence (ATP) assay, a new method which is well correlated to the 51Cr-release assay, and T-lymphocyte subsets were stained with anti-Leu-2, -3, -4, -7, and -11 monoclonal antibody. The NK activity of regional lymph nodes was lower than that of the peripheral blood in all 35 cases, and the percentage of Leu 7+ and Leu 11+ cells was in agreement with that of the NK activity detected by ATP assay. In the peripheral blood, the percentage of Leu 3+ cells was lower in high stage patients than it was in low stage patients and controls, but in the regional lymph nodes it was paradoxically higher. The NK activity of regional lymph nodes against autologous tumor cells was low in 8 patients with bladder cancer. It appears from this study that the regional lymph nodes have no function as immunological barriers for metastasis and we therefore conclude that they should be dissected during surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Bilateral giant intracavernous aneurysms. Technique of unilateral operation.

We report a case of bilateral intracavernous giant aneurysms of which the right side was clipped by direct surgery. Our case was a 74-year-old woman who developed bilateral abducens palsy. Computed tomography and angiography showed bilateral intracavernous giant aneurysms. This patient was followed up in the outpatient clinic. She developed headache and right trigeminal neuralgia 2 years later. The trigeminal pain was quite severe and very disturbing to her. Repeat angiography showed an increase in the size of the aneurysms. An operation was carried out after a balloon Matus test monitoring electroencephalogram, somatosensory evoked potential, and clinical symptoms. The cavernous sinus was opened and the aneurysm was clipped. There was no postoperative complication except right ophthalmoplegia which resolved after 3 months. Headache and trigeminal neuralgia also disappeared.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Screening of bacteria with antiviral activity from fresh water salmonid hatcheries.

Bacteria isolated from two salmonid hatcheries were screened for antiviral activity against infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) to ascertain the presence of bacteria with anti-IHNV activity in the aquatic environment. Out of 710 bacterial isolates from the water and sediment samples, 190 strains showed anti-IHNV activities of more than 50% plaque reduction. These antiviral activities were detected predominantly in Pseudomonas, Aeromonas/Vibrio, and coryneforms. In one hatchery, the bacteria with antiviral activities were more prevalent in sediment samples than in water samples. Seventy-seven percent of the isolates with higher antiviral activities (greater than 90% plaque reduction) belonged to Pseudomonas.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Effects of neurostimulation on the reversibility of neuronal function: experience of treatment for vegetative status].

UNLABELLED: Developments in the diagnostic procedures, microsurgical techniques, intensive care, and the social rescue system have lowered the mortality in cerebrovascular diseases, head injuries and other emergencies of neurology and neurosurgery. However, this decreased mortality has given rise to a new social and medical problem i.e. vegetative status, which is an increase in the number of people who live on with mild or severe residual neurological deficits. During the last two years, we have used dorsal column stimulation (DCS) for improving spasticity of hemiplegics. While doing so, we incidentally found an improvement in the EEG in some of the cases. This led us to use dorsal column stimulation in cases of vegetative status. In this paper, we describe methodology and our experience with ten cases of vegetative status. All cases satisfied the definition of "vegetative status" and had received medical treatment for more than 3 months prior to DCS without showing any clinical improvement. A neurostimulator made by "Medtronic Neuro" was used. The neurostimulator was implanted in epidural space, in midline, at C-2 level under general anaesthesia. Video recording of clinical conditions, EEG, rCBF and catecholamine metabolism in CSF at regular intervals were monitored to see the efficacy of this treatment. RESULT: 1) There was an improvement in the EEG in nine cases out of ten cases after neurostimulation. This was in the form of appearance of more wide spread alpha-waves, and was noticed between 3 to 14 days after starting the neurostimulation. 2) Four of these cases showed good clinical improvement. In the other four cases there was slight clinical improvement.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Neurostimulation for patients in vegetative status.

Dorsal column stimulation has been used in four patients who were in a persistent vegetative state. There was improvement of the EEG in four patients and clinical improvement in three patients. Stimulation was for 12 hours per day at 100 Hz, 5 to 8 volts, and with a pulse width of 0.12 msec. The mechanism of improvement may involve changes in cerebral blood flow.

Adult↗