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Biomedical subjects

Y Kameda

Publications and source records attributed to Y Kameda.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Distribution of CGRP-, somatostatin-, galanin-, VIP-, and substance P-immunoreactive nerve fibers in the chicken carotid body.

An immunoperoxidase method was used to investigate and compare the distribution of neuropeptide-immunoreactive (ir) nerve fibers and neurofilament-ir fibers in chick carotid body. The vagus nerve and its branches were intensely immunoreactive with an antiserum against chick neurofilaments. The branches from the vagus and the recurrent laryngeal nerves anastomosed within the connective tissue encircling the carotid body, and then entered the organ to form a network of neurofilament-ir fibers. Immunoreactivities for CGRP, somatostatin, galanin, VIP and substance P were found in the carotid body; they were located within varicose fibers. Immunoreactivity for each peptide was discretely and characteristically distributed. Dense networks of varicose CGRP-ir nerve fibers were found throughout the carotid body in close proximity to clusters of carotid body cells and to blood vessels. Substance P-ir fibers were distributed similarly to CGRP-ir fibers. Somatostatin-ir fibers appeared as patches distributed around chief cells. Numerous galanin- and VIP-ir nerve fibers were observed in the connective tissue surrounding the carotid body, but they occurred in only moderate densities in the parenchyma.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Preparation of 3-amino-3-deoxy derivatives of trehalose and sucrose and their activities.

The 3-keto derivatives of trehalose and sucrose respectively were prepared by a one-step enzymatic route using D-glucoside 3-dehydrogenase from Flavobacterium saccharophilum. Reductive amination of 3-ketotrehalose with ammonium acetate and sodium cyanoborohydride gave three compounds, 3-amino-3-deoxy-alpha-D-allopyranosyl alpha-D-glucopyranoside, 3-amino-3-deoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl alpha-D-glucopyranoside (3-trehalosamine) and 3-amino-3-deoxy-alpha-D-mannopyranosyl alpha-D-glucopyranoside. From the reductive amination of 3-ketosucrose, 3-amino-3-deoxy-alpha-D-allopyranosyl beta-D-fructofuranoside and 3-amino-3-deoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl beta-D-fructofuranoside were obtained. The antibiotic and glycohydrolase inhibitory activities of these 3-amino-3-deoxy derivatives were determined.

Amination↗
PubMed1989

[Generalized morphea-like progressive systemic sclerosis with anticentromere antibodies and eosinophilic cellulitis].

A 67-year-old woman without any history of exposure to organic solvents suffered from Raynaud's phenomenon, sclerodactylia, contracture of finger joints, diffuse pigmentation, pulmonary fibrosis, and generalized morphea-like eruptions on the trunk; she was diagnosed as generalized morphea-like progressive systemic sclerosis. She had a high titer of anticentromere antibody in her serum without any symptoms of CREST syndrome. She also had eosinophilic cellulitis on her extremities, which subsided within 6 months, and seemed to be due to a hypersensitivity reaction to mosquito bites. The occurrence of these two diseases together in our case may suggest some similarities in their pathogenesis.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Primary pulmonary cryptococcosis treated with transbronchial injection of amphotericin B].

A 76-year-old man was admitted because of multiple nodular opacities in both lungs on chest X-ray. Cryptococcus was identified in the specimens obtained from bronchial brushing and bronchial washing. Primary pulmonary cryptococcosis was diagnosed as he had no underlying diseases and no foci in any other organs except the lung. Transbronchial injection (TBI) of amphotericin B was administered to the largest focus, in addition to the intravenous administration of miconazole. The chest tomogram 25 days after the first TBI showed marked decrease in the size of the largest focus, but no improvements were observed in other foci. TBI can be performed easily and safely, and perhaps more effectively than administration of amphotericin B with aerosol. This procedure may be of value in the treatment of pulmonary cryptococcosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[A right common iliac aneurysm perforating into the inferior vena cava with resultant congestive heart failure].

A 69 year-old male with a right common iliac aneurysm perforating into the inferior vena cava was admitted with severe cardiomegaly and dyspnea. He had been suffering from recurrent congestive heart failure for the last 8 years prior to surgery. At operation, the fistula of 15mm diameter was closed with interrupted sutures of 3-0 nylon with pledgets within the aneurysm by controlling bleeding from the fistula by digital compression. The right common iliac aneurysm was resected and replaced with a double velour knitted dacron graft of 10mm diameter. The postoperative course was uneventful. The CTR was reduced to 57% from 70%, and the cardiac index was normalized from 6.10 to 3.39 l/min/m2. This complication is rare with only 4 previous reports in Japan. Hemodynamic improvements were dramatic after surgery in spite of poor response to medical treatments. This complication should be surgically managed as soon as the diagnosis is confirmed.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[A case of hemangiopericytoma in the retroperitoneal cavity and a review of literature in Japan].

A case of hemangiopericytoma in the pelvic retroperitoneum is reported. The patient, a 45-year-old man, visited us with a complaint of sudden urinary retention. Intravenous pyelogram and computerized tomographic scan revealed a large pelvic mass displacing the bladder to the left superiorly. Laparotomy was performed, and biopsy showed the mass to be a malignant hemangiopericytoma. He underwent a surgical excision after receiving irradiation to the true pelvis and embolization of right internal iliac. He developed multiple pulmonary and liver metastases and died 2 years after surgery. Thirty cases of retroperitoneal hemangiopericytoma reported in Japan are reviewed.

Hemangiopericytoma↗
PubMed1988

Innervation of the C cells of chicken ultimobranchial glands studied by immunohistochemistry, fluorescence microscopy, and electron microscopy.

Innervation of the ultimobranchial glands in the chicken was investigated by immunohistochemistry, fluorescence microscopy and electron microscopy. The nerve fibers distributed in ultimobranchial glands were clearly visualized by immunoperoxidase staining with antiserum to neurofilament triplet proteins (200K-, 150K- and 68K-dalton) extracted from chicken peripheral nerves. The ultimobranchial glands received numerous nerve fibers originating from both the recurrent laryngeal nerves and direct vagal branches. The left and right sides of the ultimobranchial region were asymmetrical. The left ultimobranchial gland had intimate contact with the vagus nerve trunk, especially with the distal vagal ganglion, but was somewhat separated from the recurrent nerve. The right gland touched the recurrent nerve, the medial edge being frequently penetrated by the nerve, but the gland was separated from the vagal trunk. The left gland was innervated mainly by the branches from the distal vagal ganglion, whereas the right gland received mostly the branches from the recurrent nerve. The carotid body was located cranially near to the ultimobranchial gland. Large nerve bundles in the ultimobranchial gland ran toward and entered into the carotid body. By fluorescence microscopy, nerve fibers in ultimobranchial glands were observed associated with blood vessels. Only a few fluorescent nerve fibers were present in close proximity to C cell groups; the C cells of ultimobranchial glands may receive very few adrenergic sympathetic fibers. By electron microscopy, numerous axons ensheathed with Schwann cell cytoplasm were in close contact with the surfaces of C cells. In addition, naked axons regarded as axon terminals or "en passant" synapses came into direct contact with C cells. The morphology of these axon terminals and synaptic endings suggest that ultimobranchial C cells of chickens are supplied mainly with cholinergic efferent type fibers. In the region where large nerve bundles and complex ramifications of nerve fibers were present, Schwann cell perikarya investing the axons were closely juxtaposed with C cells; long cytoplasmic processes of Schwann cells encompassed large portions of the cell surface. All of these features suggest that C-cell activity, i.e., secretion of hormones and catecholamines, may be regulated by nerve stimuli.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Ontogeny of immunoreactive calcitonin gene-related peptide in thyroid C cells from dogs, rabbits, and guinea pigs.

Ontogeny of immunoreactive calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in thyroid C cells of dogs, rabbits, and guinea pigs from early fetuses to adults was investigated by an immunoperoxidase method, in comparison with the development of immunoreactive calcitonin and somatostatin. The presence of immunoreactive CGRP in mature C cells was different from species to species. Dog and rabbit C cells revealed intense immunoreactivity for CGRP, whereas guinea pig C cells revealed very weak immunoreactivity or none. In dog fetuses, the appearance of immunoreactive CGRP was early. At around 35 days of gestation, when the follicular cells were not yet organized into follicles, immunoreactivities for three peptides--calcitonin, somatostatin, and CGRP--began to appear in C cells. While the highest population of somatostatin-positive cells was attained when the primordial follicles were vigorously formed throughout whole thyroid parenchyma and their frequency progressively declined thereafter, CGRP-positive cells as well as calcitonin-positive cells gradually increased in number and intensity with gestational age. The developmental pattern of immunoreactive CGRP coincided with that of immunoreactive calcitonin in dog C cells. In rabbit fetuses, at 25 days of gestation, when thyroid follicles stored large amounts of colloid and C cells already exhibited intense immunoreactivity for calcitonin, CGRP immunoreactivity as well as somatostatin immunoreactivity began to appear. Subsequently, immunoreactivities for the three peptides gradually increased with age, although calcitonin immunoreactivity was outstandingly intense among them. In guinea pig C cells, intense immunoreactivity for CGRP was not observed in any stages of development. These results indicate that there are developmental profiles of CGRP characteristic for each animal, and the ratio of CGRP and calcitonin produced from calcitonin genes in C cells seems to be fixed for life.

Aging↗
PubMed1988

Physiological role of glucoside 3-dehydrogenase and cytochrome c551 in the sugar oxidizing system of Flavobacterium saccharophilum.

Flavobacterium saccharophilum cytoplasmic membranes contain several cytochromes linked to the respiratory chain. The presence of c-type cytochrome, cytochrome o, and a small amount of a-type cytochrome was proved. Cytochrome c551 was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity by ion-exchange chromatography and gel filtration from a membrane fraction of F. saccharophilum and its properties determined. Cytochrome c551 possessed absorption peaks at 407 nm in the oxidized form, and at 415, 521, 551 nm in the reduced form. The cytochrome c551 had a molecular weight of 15,500 as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Glucoside 3-dehydrogenase of F. saccharophilum reduced the cytochrome c551 with methyl-alpha-D-glucoside, D-glucose, sucrose, or validoxylamine A. When the purified glucoside 3-dehydrogenase was incubated with methyl-alpha-D-glucoside and purified ferricytochrome c551, methyl-alpha-D-3-ketoglucoside was formed as indicated by GC-MS analysis. The addition of a substrate to the membrane fraction caused an increase in the rate of oxygen uptake and an abrupt reduction in cytochrome c551. The electron transfer in the 3-keto sugar forming system may be as follows: sugars----glucoside 3-dehydrogenase----cytochrome c551----cytochrome oxidase----O2. Thus, the electron acceptor of glucoside 3-dehydrogenase is possibly connected to the membrane-bound cytochrome system.

Bacterial Proteins↗
PubMed1987

Immunohistochemical demonstration of keratins in the cysts of thyroid glands, parathyroid glands, and C-cell complexes of the dog.

Cyst structures were often detected in and around thyroid glands of the dog. The present study revealed the frequency of occurrence, the light microscopic features, and the immunoperoxidase reactions to anti-keratin and anti-19S-thyroglobulin antisera of each cyst located in parathyroid III, parathyroid IV, thymus IV, C-cell complexes, and thyroid parenchyma from 112 dogs. In each location, cysts showed characteristic features. In parathyroid III, the cysts were covered with single or pseudostratified epithelium composed of ciliated cells; whereas in parathyroid IV they were covered with keratinizing stratified squamous epithelium. In C-cell complexes, small cysts lined with small packed cells were predominant, and large cysts lined with single cuboidal cells or stratified squamous cells were also present. In thymus IV located in the close vicinity of parathyroid IV, cyst epithelium consisted of several types of cells showing variable features. In thyroid parenchyma, there were several types of cysts: some were covered with ciliated columnar cells, and others were covered with two or multilayers of small packed cells or cuboidal cells. In spite of these differences in appearance of the cysts located in different tissues, all their epithelia were immunoreactive to the keratin antisera, except for small cysts in C-cell complexes, which were regarded as immature structures. Thus, the presence of keratin filaments in epithelial cells seems to be a characteristic feature of all cysts. The lumens of each cyst contained variable amounts of amorphous materials, which showed colloid-like, flocculent, foamy, and granular features and were periodic acid-Schiff-positive in variable degrees, from weak to intense. Although the lumenal contents of the cysts in parathyroid III revealed no immunoreactivity for 19S-thyroglobulin, those in thyroid parenchyma, C-cell complexes, parathyroid IV, and thymus IV reacted strongly with the 19S-thyroglobulin antiserum.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Localization of immunoreactive calcitonin gene-related peptide in thyroid C cells from various mammalian species.

Localization of immunoreactive calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in thyroid C cells from various mammalian species was investigated by the immunoperoxidase method. In many animal species including dogs, cats, cattle, monkeys, rats, and rabbits, almost all C cells revealed an intense immunoreactivity for CGRP; the cytoplasm of C cells was filled with reaction products for CGRP. In these animal species, calcitonin and CGRP coexisted in the C cells. However, in some species including pigs, mice, hamsters, and guinea pigs, the CGRP immunoreactivity of C cells was weak or negative. It was concluded that there was a considerable variation in CGRP immunoreactivity of C cells from species to species. In rabbits and guinea pigs, almost all C cells were also intensely immunoreactive to antisomatostatin antiserum, whereas in other animal species including dogs, cats, cattle, monkeys, rats, pigs, mice, and hamsters only a few C cells were immunoreactive to somatostatin. Three peptides--calcitonin, somatostatin, and CGRP--are synthesized alone in rabbit C cells. Thus, there was no relation between CGRP and somatostatin concerning the existence of both peptides in thyroid C cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Effect of validamycins on glycohydrolases of Rhizoctonia solani.

The pseudo-oligosaccharides, validamycins, showed potent inhibitory activity against trehalase of Rhizoctonia solani while no significant inhibition was exhibited against cellulase, pectinase, chitinase, alpha-amylase, alpha- and beta-glucosidases. In particular, validoxylamine A strongly inhibited trehalase in a competitive manner with a Ki value of 1.9 X 10(-9) M. The uptake of the antibiotic into the cell and the amount of the intracellular trehalose were investigated by incubating the washed mycelia of R. solani with validamycins. It was found that validamycin A is transported into the cell and hydrolyzed therein by a beta-glucosidase yielding validoxylamine A with greater inhibitory activity. Also validamycin A containing beta-D-glucosyl residue is more favorably taken up into the cell than validamycin D containing alpha-D-glucosyl residue or their common aglycone, validoxylamine A. In addition, validamycin A suppressed the in vivo degradation of the intracellular trehalose at very low concentration of 0.1 microgram/ml.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1986

Localization and development of immunoreactive triiodothyronine in thyroid glands of dogs and chickens.

The localization of immunoreactive T3 was investigated in dog and chick thyroid glands either fixed in Bouin's solution or freeze-dried and fixed with paraformaldehyde vapor, and compared with localization of 19S-thyroglobulin. Freeze-drying followed by paraformaldehyde vapor was better for the demonstration of T3 than Bouin's solution; it gave a much stronger immunoreactivity for T3. This fixative was also excellent for the demonstration of thyroglobulin. The immunoreactive T3 was detected only in the colloid and was never observed in the follicular cells, although immunoreactive thyroglobulin was present not only in the colloid but also in the follicular cells. Subsequently, in dog fetuses and chick embryos the appearance and development of immunoreactive T3 were studied. At 40 days of gestation in dog fetuses and at 9 days of egg incubation in chick embryos, immunoreactive T3 was found in the colloid of primordial follicles coinciding with the formation of the colloid. The ability of embryonic thyroid glands to synthesize T3 seems to be linked to the organization of follicles. With progressing development, the follicles stored more colloid and immunoreactive T3 within the follicular lumina. Concentrations of immunoreactive T3 in thyroids from chickens at various stages of development were also studied by radioimmunoassay. The T3 concentration was first detected at 9 days of incubation and gradually increased with embryo age; it was related to the amounts of colloid stored in the follicles.

Animals↗