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Biomedical subjects

Y Kakiuchi

Publications and source records attributed to Y Kakiuchi.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

[The effect of drug therapy and stellate ganglion block with or without oxygen inhalation on sudden hearing loss].

Forty-one patients suffering from sudden hearing loss were studied by the following method. Twenty patients (group A) were treated with oral administration of prednisolone, intravenous administration of vitamin B and C, furosemide and stellate ganglion block. Another 21 patients (group B) were treated with oral administration of these drugs, stellate ganglion block and oxygen inhalation. Forty six percent of all these patients, 35 percent of group A and 57 percent of group B, regained less than 20 dB of their normal hearing level. The patients who are younger, having shorter duration from first finding of symptoms to starting of therapy and smaller average deficiency of hearing, without dizziness are easy to recover. Oxygen inhalation with drug therapy and stellate ganglion block is a useful treatment for sudden hearing loss.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

The tumour-localizing properties of porphyrin derivatives.

The tumour-localizing abilities of various kinds of porphyrin derivatives in tumour-bearing hamsters were assessed by nitrogen-pulsed laser spectrofluorometry (N2-PLS). On examination of porphine derivatives (from haemoglobin), it was found that the dimer and acetylated and amidated compounds had a high affinity for tumour tissue; the dimer and hydroxylated compound of phorbine derivatives (from chlorophyll) also showed a high affinity. Furthermore, of the metalloporphines (gallium, zinc and indium complexes), those which contained hydrophilic groups showed a high affinity for tumour tissue; of the metallophorbines (gallium, zinc and indium complexes), those which contained hydrophobic groups showed a high affinity. A correlation was found between the side-chain structure of the porphyrins and metalloporphyrins and their affinity for tumour tissue.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Degree and extension of analgesic effect of morphine applied at three different spinal levels of epidural space].

Forty-five patients undergoing total abdominal hysterectomy were randomly divided into three groups. An epidural tube was inserted into one of the following three sites, Th11-12, L2-3, and caudal region. General anesthesia was then maintained with nitrous oxide-oxygen-enflurane, and pancuronium bromide. Morphine hydrochloride 2 mg in 8 ml of normal saline was administered into one of the designated epidural spaces one to two hours before the assumed end of surgery. Postoperative pain was assessed every four hours after the end of the operation until the next morning. Morphine exerted a relatively profound and prolonged analgesic effect in 40% of the Th11-12 group of patients, as well as in 6.7% of the L2-3 and caudal groups. But, supplementary analgesics were necessary in the other patients. No significant differences were found in the degree and extension of postoperative pain, as well as the doses of supplementary analgesics among the three groups. Adverse effects, such as nausea, vomiting and itching, occurred in 30 to 40% of each of the morphine administered groups. Though morphine was applied into different spinal levels, this clinical study did not show any difference in extension of analgesia. The epidurally applied morphine may be distributed widely in the spinal arachnoid space after some time, and may exert an effect on the brain as well as on the spinal nerves. When morphine is administered epidurally one to two hours before the end of a surgical operation, selection of an injection site according to the dermatome level of the skin incision may be unnecessary.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Plasma cell leukaemia of non-producer type with missing light chain gene rearrangement.

A case of plasma cell leukaemia of non-producer type is described. The patient presented with typical clinical features of plasma cell myeloma, including multiple osteolytic lesions, hypercalcaemia, renal failure and reduced polyclonal immunoglobulins, except that M-component was not detected in either the serum or urine. Morphological examinations showed a plasmacytoid appearance of the neoplastic cells, while immunological studies failed to detect cytoplasmic immunoglobulin or secretory capacity. The surface phenotype of CD38+, PCA-1+, DR-, CD20-, CD24-, CD9-, CD10- and surface immunoglobulin- was compatible with mature plasma cells. Chromosomal analysis showed the 14q+ marker due to translocation (6;14) and deletion of the short arm of chromosome 1. Analysis of immunoglobulin genes revealed the presence of heavy chain gene rearrangement, but the light chain genes, both kappa and lambda, remained in germline configuration. Such defective immunoglobulin gene rearrangement may be responsible for the failure of immunoglobulin biosynthesis and secretion by the neoplastic plasma cells. Furthermore, it is suggested that the morphological and phenotypic development of B cells may not necessarily depend on immunoglobulin light chain gene rearrangement, and that the oncogenic event in myeloma may occur at an earlier stage of B cell differentiation.

Chromosome Aberrations↗
PubMed1986

Viscosity and order in erythrocyte membranes studied with nanosecond fluorometry.

The viscosity and the order in the interior of human erythrocyte membranes were investigated by the fluorescence depolarization technique in the nanosecond region with 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH). After pulsed excitation with a polarized light, the fluorescence anisotropy ratio of DPH in membranes rapidly decreased and gave a final value (r infinity). The rate of initial decrease and the value of r infinity related to the viscosity in the interior of the membranes and a wobbling angle of DPH which reflects a size of range for the phospholipid motion relating to the order of membrane structure. For normal human erythrocyte membranes the viscosity and the wobbling angle were obtained to be 0.82 poise and 42 degrees, at 37 degrees C. Similar values were obtained for spectrin-free membranes. Hardened membranes by the cross-linking of the cytoskeletal proteins with glutaraldehyde showed a small wobbling angle of 37 degrees, but the viscosity of them was unchanged.

Blood Viscosity↗
PubMed1985

Effects of temperature and transfer from seawater to freshwater on blood microrheology in Pacific salmon.

Blood of Pacific salmon was studied with particular interest in red blood cell (RBC) deformability in relation to migration. Blood samples were taken via cardiac puncture or chronic cannula placed in the dorsal aorta and heparinized. As an index of RBC deformability the mean passage time of single RBCs through micropores of 8 micron in diameter and 10 micron in length was determined under a pressure difference of 10 cmH2O. Despite about 100 mOsmol/l difference in plasma osmolality, there was no marked difference in RBC passage time between fish in seawater and those well acclimatized to freshwater. However, it seemed probable that a transient decrease in RBC passage time, i.e., an increase in RBC deformability, occurred immediately following transfer from seawater to freshwater. Plasma osmolality decreased to about 300 mOsmol/l within 1 hr after the transfer and showed no fluctuations thereafter. The temperature dependence of RBC deformability was much smaller in comparison with those previously observed in yellowtail and carp; salmon RBCs were still highly deformable even at 5 degrees C, a possible temperature of cold river water.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Effect of alanine-containing dipeptides on germination of Bacillus thiaminolyticus spores.

Stereoisomeric alanylalanine (Ala-Ala) derivatives were examined for their effects on germination of Bacillus thiaminolyticus spores. L-Ala-L-Ala and L-Ala-glycine were effective in inducing germination, and their activities were completely inhibited by D-Ala. L-Ala-D-Ala and glycine-D-Ala competitively prevented L-Ala-induced germination. Sarcosine- or beta-Ala-containing L-alanyldipeptides and eight kinds of alanyltripeptides did not show any detectable effect on germinability or any inhibitory effect. No detectable amounts of Ala were found in germination exudates when alanylpeptides were incubated with spores. The ability of these peptides to induce or inhibit germination depends on their steric conformation and a certain distance between the primary amino group and the free carboxyl groups. Involvement of L-Ala dehydrogenase in the initiation of germination is unlikely because L-Ala-L-Ala was not a substrate and L-Ala-D-Ala was not an effective inhibitor of enzyme activity.

Alanine↗
PubMed1979

A new needle-type colloid osmometer for continuous determination of blood oncotic pressure.

For the purpose of facilitating measurement of colloid osmotic pressure of body fluids, a new needle-type colloid osmometer which uses a hollow fiber as a semipermeable membrane instead of a sheet ultrafilter was developed. The simple construction, easy production, and satisfactory performance of the osmometer are described in detail. Although hydrostatic pressure existing in the sample interfered a little with the accuracy of measurement, quickly interchangeable sensing probes brought great advantages in practice.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

An analysis of water movement between myocardial tissue and capillary blood during reactive hyperemia.

The colloid osmotic pressure (COP) of blood from the great cardiac vein was continuously measured by means of a membrane colloid osmometer during the reactive hyperemia following temporary occlusion of the anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery in anesthetized open-chest dogs. The COP increased sharply after releasing the occlusion, then decreased below the preocclusion level before gradually returning to it. These findings indicate that a measurable amount of water moved from the capillary blood into the myocardial tissues and then flowed back slowly into the capillary blood. To analyse the factors affecting this water movement, a method is proposed in which the Starling mechanism is combined with the interstitial volume elasticity and a steady-state solution of a Navier-Stokes equation. The pressure observed with a catheter wedged into a branch of the great cardiac vein was used as a measure of capillary perfusion pressure. During the coronary arterial occlusion, the filtration constant increased while the volume elasticity of the myocardial interstitial spaces decreased rapidly. The filtration constant and volume elasticity of the interstitial space under normal conditions were approximately estimated to be 2.4 X 10(-11) cm/(sec.dyn.cm-2) and 1.1 X 10(7) dyn.cm-2, respectively.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Non-uniform oxygen supply to the left ventricular myocardium by systolic perfusion of coronary artery.

The left anterior descending branch of the coronary artery (LAD) of anesthetized, open-chest dogs was perfused by intraventricular pressure (systolic perfusion) and aortic blood pressure (aortic perfusion) alternately. When the LAD perfusion was switched from aortic perfusion to the systolic one, the subendocardial PO2 decreased to 9.8 mmHg, on an average, in 1 to 2 min from the initial level of 18.9 mmHg obtained during the aortic perfusion. On total occlusion of LAD, the subendocardial PO2 fell to 4.5 mmHg, while the subepicardial PO2 showed no significant change. These results suggest that a small amount of oxygen is transported to the subendocardium during the systolic phase despite the impaired blood flow to the subendocardium and that the oxygen supply to subepicardium can be supported even though the LAD perfusion is restricted to the systolic phase.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Colloid osmotic pressure changes of dog's blood exposed to different mixtures of CO2 and air.

Hansen's membrane manometer method for measuring plasma colloid osmotic pressure was used to obtain the osmolality changes of dogs breathing different levels of CO2. Osmotic pressure was converted to osmolality by calibration of the manometer with saline and plasma, using freezing point depression osmometry. The addition of 10 vol% of CO2 to tonometered blood caused about a 2.0 mosmol/kg H2O increase of osmolality, or 1.2% increase of red blood cell volume. The swelling of the red blood cells was probably due to osmosis caused by Cl- exchanged for the HCO3- which was produced rapidly by carbonic anhydrase present in the red blood cells. The change in colloid osmotic pressure accompanying a change in co2 tension was measured on blood obtained from dogs breathing different CO2 mixtures. It was approximately 0.14 mosmol/kg H2O per Torr Pco2. The corresponding change in red cell volume could not be calculated from this because water can exchange between the plasma and tissues.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Water movement between myocardial tissue and capillary blood during and after coronary reactive hyperemia as studied by continuous measurement of colloid osmotic pressure of cardiac venous blood.

Colloid osmotic pressure (COP) of blood from the great cardiac vein was continuously measured by the use of a membrane colloid osmometer during reactive hyperemia resulting from temporary occlusion of the anterior descending branch of left coronary artery. The COP increased sharply but transit was concluded that a measurable amount of water moved from the capillary blood into the myocardial tissue and then flowed back slowly into the capillary blood.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Quick increase of pulmonary blood flow in response to an acute alveolar hypoxia in human subjects.

The effects of acute alveolar hypoxia on pulmonary blood flow were studied in upright standing human subjects by means of a constant expiration technique combined with continuous analysis of the C2H2 fraction in the expired gas. The subject rapidly and deeply inhaled a gas mixture containing 4.87% C2H2, 0.99% O2, N2 for balance and exhaled the alveolar gas via a constant flow valve. The Po2, of the alveolar gas fell to 37.6+/-5.6 mmHg. The C2H2 curve showed a clear downward inflection 7 to 10 sec after the completion of washout of the dead space gas. This inflection indicates an increase of the C2H2 uptake rate produced by an increase in pulmonary blood flow. The pulmonary blood flow calculated for the time range of 10.0 to 12.5 sec after the establishment of acute alveolar hypoxia (6.5+/-1.11/min) was significantly larger than the blood flow under normoxia (5.5+/-0.91/min). This increase associated with a quick rise in systemic arterial blood pressure which was probably induced by a chemical reflex.

Acetylene↗
PubMed1976

Directional non-uniformity of pulsatile intramyocardial pressure.

A method using piezoelectric ceramics was newly devised which permitted measurements of intramyocardial pressure. In open-chest dogs, a directional non-uniformity of the intramyocardial pressure was observed, which may be attributable to the variation in the myocardial fibre orientation.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Solubilization of coat protein from Bacillus thiaminolyticus spores.

Solubilization of spore coat protein of Bacillus thiaminolyticus was investigated using various reagents, and partial characterization of solubilized protein was carried out. Five per cent of the sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) treatment was the most effective for solubilization of coat protein, and 5% SDS + 8 M urea and 0.06 N NaOH were also useful. Acrylamide gel disc electrophoresis indicated that the SDS-soluble fraction mainly consists of a single band of protein and its molecular weight was estimated at about 15,000. The SDS+ urea-soluble fraction comprised two proteins with a molecular weight of 14,500 and 32,000, and an alkali-soluble fraction of 12,000 and 25,000 respectively.

Bacillus↗