Biomedical subjects

Y Jiang

Publications and source records attributed to Y Jiang.

At least 523 records · Page 29Linked to original sources

PubMed1996

Detection of bovine fetal Y-specific Sry sequence from maternal blood.

Two pairs of primers were designed based on the sequence of bovine Sry and applied to the assay of Sry sequence from maternal blood using the polymerase chain reaction. Of the total twenty DNA samples from peripheral blood of late pregnant cow, nine appeared positive with male-specific Sry sequence. The fetal sex predicted by the PCR analysis of maternal blood DNA accorded with the sex of babies on delivery in 16 cows (the remaining four were false negative). Our methods showed that bovine Sry sequence can be directly detected from the maternal blood for identifying fetal sex.

Animals↗

PubMed1996

[Commodity identification of semen Plantaginis and herba Plantaginis].

The Semen Plantaginis from 29 provinces and regions and the Herba Plantaginis from 18 provinces and regions in our country were identified, and the main commodities of these two crude drugs are described in this paper. The identification may serve as a scientific basis for expanding new drug resources.

Drug Contamination↗

PubMed1996

[The imaging features of multiple endocrine neoplasia].

The article describes ultrasonographic (US), computed tomographic (CT), 99mTc-MIBI and angiographic findings of 16 cases of multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) confirmed by operations and pathological examinations. Hyperparathyroidism either was the first manifestation of MEN I or was diagnosed simultaneously with other tumors. Medullary thyroid carcinoma usually developed first or coincided with pheochromocytoma in MEN I. Regular US and CT screening can lead to the detection of new endocrine neoplasia. The authors consider that US and CT are the best imaging methods for MEN.

Adenoma↗

PubMed1996

[Relations between p53 and p185 expression and prognosis of patients with colon cancers].

The expression of p53 and HER-2/neu p185 was studied immunohistochemically in 120 paraffin-embeded specimens of colon cancer with specific monoclonal antibodies. Sixty-eight of the 120 patients were positive for p53(57%), and 55 were positive for p185(46%), p53 was always expressed in the cell nucleus, and p185, the cell membrane. The expression of p53 and p185 was not correlated to sex and age of the patients, to primary sites, stages and pathological classification of the tumors. The survival period of patients with positive p53 was shorter than those with negative p53, while p185 expression showed no correlation to the survival period. The results suggest that p53 expression may be of some value in predicting prognosis in patients with colon cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1996

[Intraluminal stent and balloon of intraluminal stent for prevention of esophageal stenosis due to alkali corrosive injury: experimental and clinical studies].

Experimental and clinical results of a intraluminal stent and ballon of intraluminal stent to prevent scar stenosis after esophageal corrosive injury. The model of Davis's esophageal corrosive injury was used. The dogs in group II III IV were killed at 7 weeks after injury. The smallest diameter of esophagus in group III and IV was significantly larger than that in group II (P < 0.01). The collagen content in group III and IV was significantly lower than that in group II (P < 0.01) and it was still lower in group IV than in group III (P < 0.05). Esophageal compoiance in group III and IV was significantly greater than that in group II (P < 0.01) and it was still greater in group IV than in group III (P < 0.05). The analyses of collagen images showed that the collagen density in group II (P < 0.01) was further lower IV than that in group III (P < 0.05). In 18 cases who were treated for prevention of stricture formation with an intraluminal stent 10 cases were completely recovered, 6 recovered after repeated dilations, and 2 failed. Furthermore, all 5 cases treated with mechanical pressure intraluminal stent were successful. It is suggested that intraluminal stent and mechanical pressure of intraluminal stent can alleviate the corrosive stenosis. But the balloon of intraluminal stent is still better than the intraluminal stent.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1996

[Expression of CDKN2 gene product in human bronchogenic carcinoma].

OBJECTIVE: To examine the expression of P16 protein in bronchogenic carcinoma and normal tissue adjacent to carcinoma and to determine the relationship between the gene and bronchogenic carcinoma. METHOD: Using a rabbit polyclonal antibody against P16 (N-20), the expression of P16 protein was studied immunohistochemically on formalin fixed, paraffin embedded sections. RESULTS: The cytoplasmic P16 protein was mainly present in normal bronchial epithelium (93.8%), serous gland (92.6%) and alveolar epithelium (71.4%), the expression levels of P16 were significantly lower in carcinoma tissues (61.9%) when compared to levels in their normal counterparts (P < 0.01). Among tumors, squamous cell carcinomas and small cell carcinomas exhibited lower P16 expression levels compared with adenocarcinomas (P < 0.01). The expression levels of P16 were lower in poorly-differentiated adenocarcinomas compared with those in well-differentiated adenocarcinomas (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The results suggested that CDKN2 gene was a tumor suppressor gene, the inactivation of which were involved in the carcinogenesis of bronchogenic carcinoma and implicated in tumor differentiation.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1996

[A cohort study on the relationship between standardized mortality of pulmonary heart disease and smoking].

We explored the relationship between the standardized mortality of pulmonary heart disease (PHD) and smoking at Shifang county through a five-year follow-up study of 29,498 farmers over 35 years old. The death ratio of PHD was 30.35%, which stood first in all causes of death. The mortality of PHD for cigar/cigarette smokers regardless of sex was not significantly different from that for nonsmokers (P > 0.05). The RR was 1 or so. The analysis of data stratified by age showed that the specific mortality increased with age in spite of some inequalities smoking; the RR of PHD for cigar/cigarette smokers in all age groups were 1 or so revealing no significant differences (P > 0.05). However, the standardized mortality of PHD increased with the accumulated amount of smoking. The relationship between the mortality of PHD and short-term smoking with small dose was not significant (P > 0.05), but when the accumulated amount reached certain level, i.e. the smoker consumed cigar more than 270 kg or consumed cigarette more than 20,000 packs, the relationship between the behavior of cigar/cigarette smoking and the mortality of PHD became apparent. The RRs were 1.40-3.94 and the ARs 171-1610 per 100,000 person years (P < 0.05-0.01).

Adult↗

PubMed1996

[A preliminary study of the preventive and blocking effect of green tea grown in mengding mountain area on the esophageal cancer in rats].

Three groups (positive control or nitrosamine alone group, test group and control group) were included in this experiment. After the begining of the experiment, the rats of test group were given 2% green tea (common grade) solution by free drinking daily for 24 weeks. After 2 weeks of the begining of the experiment, the rats of the nitrosamine alone group and test group were injected with MANA, 5 mg/kg weekly for 20 weeks. The animals were sacrificed at 4 intervals. The incidence rates of esophageal cancer in the rats of the two groups sacrified at every interval were significantly different. The result suggested that green tea should have a preventive and blocking effect on the occurrence of esophageal cancer in rats.

Animals↗

PubMed1996

[Determination of color pattern visual evoked potential in early primary open angle glaucoma].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical significance of changes of color visual evoked potential (PVEP) in early primary open angle glaucoma (POAG). METHOD: Thirty-one patients (45 eyes) with POAG and fifty-one persons (94 eyes) as age-matched normal controls were tested by color PVEP. RESULTS: In POAG group, the latencies of P100 wave were lengthened, its amplitudes and wave form indexes decreased, the latencies of N145 wave were lengthened, and the amplitudes of N75 wave were lowered. In early POAG eyes without the changes detected by Goldmann perimetry, their color PVEPs were already abnormal. Stepwise regression analysis shows that four factors in color PVEP are correlated to the defect of visual field in POAG. It is proved with the stepwise discriminatory analysis that seven factors in the color PVEP are useful in the diagnosis of early POAG. CONCLUSIONS: Several factors in color PVEP are abnormal in POAG. In early POAG eyes without changes detected by Goldmann perimetry, their color PVEPs are already abnormal. By using discriminatory function, the positive rate of the diagnosis of early POAG tested by color PVEP might be increased.

Aged↗

PubMed1996

[The features of color pattern electroretinogram in early primary open-angle glaucoma].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the features of the changes of color pattern electroretinogram (CP-ERG) in early primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). METHOD: The detection and analyses of CP-ERGs in 29 patients (48 eyes) with POAG, 10 patients (16 eyes) with ocular hypertension and 33 age-matched normal volunteers (48 eyes) were made. RESULTS: The changes of CP-ERG in early POAG included reduction of amplitudes of P1 and N2 waves, prolongation of the peak times of red/black N2 and blue/black P1 waves. Part of the patients with ocular hypertension had the amplitude of N2 wave reduced. Five factors including the amplitude of blue/black N2 wave, the amplitudes of red/black P1 and N2 waves, the peak time of red/black N2 wave and the white/black P1 to N2 wave amplitude ratio from CP-ERG which are significantly correlated to the diagnosis of early POAG were selected by the multiple factor stepwise discriminatory analysis, and the stepwise discriminatory function was set up. CONCLUSIONS: CP-ERG is a useful method in detecting the retinal functions in early POAG, and is helpful to its early diagnosis.

Adult↗

PubMed1996

[Histochemical study of lectin receptor and cell morphometric analysis on oral leukoplakias, epithelial dysplasia and squamous carcinoma].

The histochemical study of lectin receptor and the cell morphometric analysis were applied to cases to oral mucosal leukoplakias in order to find the differences between abnormal and normal cells in premalignant tissues. Results showed that the cell morphological change and glycosyl change of the cell surface in leukoplakias with severe epithelial dysplasia were similar to those of carcinoma, which suggests that the above methods may be used to differentiate the degree of the epithelial dysplasia of oral mucosal leukoplakias.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗

PubMed1996

[Characteristics and treatment of Staphylococcus aureus endocarditis].

In order to evaluate whether there were changes of the clinical features of Staphylococcus (Staph.) aureus endocarditis in recent years, the data of 21 cases of Staph. aureus endocarditis diagnosed from 1977 to 1994 were analyzed and compared with those of 11 cases of Staph. aureus endocarditis from 1957 to 1977. The results showed the following changes in recent years. The incidence of Staph. aureus endocarditis cases has been increasing. Cases of right-sided endocarditis increased in the recent two decades and this increase was related to intravenous drug abuse and increased use of vascular intervention. Right-sided endocarditis was different from left-sided endocarditis in their risk factors, underlying heart diseases, clinical manifestations and prognosis. The clinical manifestations of ventricular-wall endocarditis were atypical and it could be definitely diagnosed only with echocardiogram. Complications of Staph. aureus endocarditis became more common and serious, in recent decades but hospital mortality decreased markedly due to effective antibiotic management. The authors believe that sound knowledge of Staph. aureus endocarditis is essential for the proper diagnosis and treatment of Staph. aureus endocarditis.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1996

[Predictable value of fasting blood glucose level for the incidence of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus].

In order to investigate the predictable value of fasting blood glucose (FBG) level for the incidence of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), 638 nondiabetic subjects who were investigated in 1986 (including 341 subjects with normal glucose tolerance and 297 subjects with impaired glucose tolerance) were reexamined in 1992. The results showed that the 6-year-incidence of NIDDM was significantly increased with rising of baseline FBG level. After adjusting for age, sex and body mass index (BMI), proportional hazard regression analysis showed that FBG level in impaired glucose tolerance group was positively associated with the development of NIDDM (P = 0.0001). Subjects with mean FBG level of 5.19 mmol/L had a higher risk of developing NIDDM than subjects with mean FBG level of 4.61 mmol/L (RR 2.1, 95% CI 1.19-3.74, P = 0.01). The risk ratio of NIDDM was further increased in the group with mean FBG level of 6.l5 mmol/L (RR = 2.9, 95% CI 1.79-4.59, P = 0.0001). The result indicates that FBG level is an independent risk factor for the development of NIDDM.

Adult↗

PubMed1996

[The effect of mitomycin C on activities of carbonic anhydrase and ATPase of the ciliary body epithelium in rabbit].

PURPOSE: Enzymohistochemical methods were performed to observe the effect of mitomycin C(MMC) on the activities of carbonic anhydrase (CA) and ATPase of the ciliary body epithelium in rabbits after using 0.2mg/ml mitomycin C during sclerectomy for the further study on the mechanism of the decrease of intraocular pressure postoperatively. METHODS: 0.2mg/ml mitomycin C was topically applicated during the sclerectomy in rabbit eyes. 7 days postoperatively, Hasson's method and plumbum nitrate's method were used to stain the CA and ATPase of the ciliary body epithelium. The grey value of the enzymes was quantitated by Image Analysor. RESULTS: MMC inhibited the activities of CA and ATPase of the ciliary body epithelium underlying the site of MMC application, but the difference of enzymatic activities of the region 90 degree apart from the surgical site and that of surgical site in normal saline control group was not statistically obvious (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: MMC could inhibit the activities of CA and ATPase of ciliary body epithelium, thus leading to the decreased secretion of humor aqueous and the lowerdown of intraocular pressure even persistent hypotony.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗

PubMed1996

Calcium channel blockade and anti-free-radical actions of panaxatriol saponins in cultured myocardiocytes.

AIM: To identify the calcium channel blockade and anti-free-radical actions of panaxatriol saponins Re, Rf, Rg1, Rg2, Rh1, and oleanolic acid saponin Ro. METHODS: On ventricular myocytes of Wistar rats, single channel activities of B, L, and T type calcium channels were recorded with the cell-attached configuration of patch-clamp technic, and free radical contents were measured with electron spin resenance method. RESULTS: Re, Rg1, Rg2, and Rh1 shortened the open times, prolonged the close times, and reduced the open-state probabilities of B, L, and T type calcium channels; Rf shortened the open time, prolonged the close time and reduced the open-state probability of L type calcium channel; Ro did not influence the activity of calcium channels (60 mumol.L-1). Re, Rg1, Rg2, and Rh1 antagonized the increase of free radical content induced by xanthine 0.42 mmol.L-1-xanthine oxidase 5.3 nmol.L-1; Ro and Rf had no effect (30 mumol.L-1). CONCLUSION: Re, Rg1, Rg2, and Rh1 had both the calcium channel blockade and antifree-radical actions. Rf had blockade action on L type calcium channel.

Animals↗

PubMed1996

[Chemical constituents of the roots of Bupleurum longicaule Wall. ex DC. var. franchetii de Boiss and B. chaishoui Shan et Sheh].

From the roots of Bupleurum longicaule var. franchetii, B. chaishoui and the official species B. chinense, ten saikosaponins have been isolated and identified as saikosaponin a, saikosaponin d, saikosaponin c, saikosaponin e, saikosaponin b2, 2"-O-acetylsaikosaponin a, 3"-O-acetylsaikosaponin a, 3"-O-acetylsaikosaponin d, 6"-O-acetylsaikosaponin a and 6"-O-acetylsaikosaponin d respectively. It has been shown that the chemical constituents of these three Bupleurum plants are very similar, therefore, the medicinal value of B. longicaule var. franchetii and B. chaishoui is further verified.

Apiaceae↗

PubMed1995

Abortive initiation and first bond formation at an activated adenovirus E4 promoter.

Abortive initiation at the adenovirus E4 promoter was studied by following the production of RNA formed from the initiating nucleotides UpA and CTP. Formation of a specific short RNA via a reaction with appropriate alpha-amanitin sensitivity required promoter, activator, and ATP. In the absence of any of these, an alpha-amanitin-resistant reaction led to lower levels of a product of unknown origin. The alpha-amanitin-sensitive reaction required open promoter complexes, as assayed directly by permanganate probing. This reaction was not blocked by the inhibition of polymerase C-terminal domain kinase activity or by the lack of DNA supercoiling. Thus, formation of the initial bond of the mRNA appears to require activator and ATP to open the DNA but not phosphorylation of the polymerase C-terminal domain. In addition, the abortive initiation reaction was strongly suppressed when all elongation substrates were present, suggesting that cycling to produce high amounts of abortive product is strongly disfavored during productive initiation at this promoter.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗

PubMed1995

Quantitative chromatographic analysis of inositol phospholipids and related compounds.

The metabolism of phospholipids and the mobilization of second messengers such as inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate, 1,2-diacylglycerol (DAG) and arachidonic acid (AA) from phospholipids is commonly studied by radiolabelling phospholipids with [3H]myo-inositol or [32P]ATP and measuring the incorporation of radioactivity in different phospholipids or their hydrolysis products. However, for the radiolabelling method to accurately reflect changes in the compound's mass, it is essential that the tissue is labelled to isotopic equilibrium which is difficult to achieve. To circumvent the disadvantages of the radiolabelling method, several analytical procedures have been developed for the mass analysis of phospholipids and inositolphosphates (IPs). Quantitation of the mass or the radiolabelling of phospholipids is a complex multi-step procedure that involves quantitative isolation of phospholipids, fractionation of individual phospholipids and either determination of radioactivity in each component or the measurement of their mass. Phospholipids, DAG and AA are extracted from tissue sample with organic solvents such as chloroform-methanol (2:1) containing HCl or formic acid. The extract is separated by TLC, cartridge-column chromatography or HPLC on a reversed-phase column. Phospholipids are quantitated by measuring inorganic phosphate, absorption at 200 nm or mass spectrometry. Inositol phosphates are extracted with perchloric acid or trichloroacetic acid and separated by ion-exchange cartridge-column or HPLC with an ion-exchange column. IPs are quantitated by measuring inorganic phosphate or by using enzymatic reaction, metal-dye coupling, NMR or mass spectrometry.

Arachidonic Acid↗