Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

Y Jiang

Publications and source records attributed to Y Jiang.

At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

[AFP mRNA expression in peripheral blood correlates with metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the status of hematogenous spread of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the significance of peripheral blood AFP mRNA expression as a predictive marker for metastasis of HCC. METHODS: Peripheral blood samples were collected from 54 patients with HCC, 20 of whom had received interventional therapy before samples were collected, and from 30 subjects as control(10 cases with benign liver disease, 20 healthy donors). AFP cDNA was amplified from total RNA extracted from 5 ml whole blood by nested reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR). RESULTS: Of the 54 HCC patients, 26(48.1%) patients had positive AFP mRNA, while AFP mRNA was detected in only 1 of the 10 patients with benign liver disorder and 1 of the 20 healthy subjects. In 16 HCC patients with intra- and extra-hepatic metastases, 13 (81.3%) were positive for AFP mRNA. In patients who did not yet have metastasis, 34.2% of them (13/38) gave positive AFP mRNA. The presence of AFP mRNA correlated with the stage of HCC and the presence of intrahepatic and/or extrahepatic metastasis, but did not correlate with the tumor size and the serum AFP level. There was no significant difference in AFP mRNA expression before and after surgical treatment or transcatheter arterial chemoembolization. CONCLUSION: AFP mRNA is a valuable marker for detecting hematogenous dissemination and metastasis of HCC. Systemic chemotherapy or immunotherapy is needed to prevent clinically overt metastasis and recurrence.

Humans↗
PubMed1999

[A randomized controlled clinical study of sparfloxacin versus ofloxacin in the treatment of bacterial infections].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of sparfloxacin in the treatment of bacterial infections. METHODS: A randomized controlled multi-centre clinical trial was conducted. Ofloxacin used as the control drug. A total of 212 patients entered the study, with 106 in the sparfloxacin group and the remaining 106 in the ofloxacin group. Both compounds were given by oral administration. RESULTS: The cure rate of sparfloxacin and ofloxacin was 74.5% and 69.8% respectively and the overall efficacy rate was 91.5% and 88.7% respectively. The bacterial clearance rate was 90.7% in the sparfloxacin group and 90.8% in the ofloxacin group. The adverse drug reaction rate of sparfloxacin and ofloxacin was 9.43% and 8.49% respectively. There was no statistical significant difference between the two groups for the above results. The results of in vitro activity of sparfloxacin as compared with other 5 antibacterial agents showed that sparfloxacin had good activity against many Gram-negative organisms and was similar to those of ofloxacin. The activity against Gram-positive organisms (MIC(90) <or= 0.25 mg/L) was generally higher than that of ofloxacin. CONCLUSION: Sparfloxacin is a highly effective and safe broad-spectrum antibacterial agent for the treatment of bacterial infections. It is also effective in the treatment of infections caused by Gram-positive organisms.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Postprandial triglyceridemia and carotid atherosclerosis in male patients with coronary heart disease].

OBJECTIVE: To test the effect of postprandial accumulation of triglyceride-rich lipoprotein (TGRL) on carotid artery atherosclerosis. METHODS: In 42 male cases with coronary heart disease (CHD) as verified by angiography, high density lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipoprotein B (ApoB) levels in fasting serum, serum triglyceride concentrations before and 2, 4, 6, 8 hours after a standard fat test meal were measured. Each patient underwent a carotid artery high-resolution B-mode ultrasound examination. The extent of alimentary lipemia [area under the triglyceride curve over 8 hours, TG-AUC and peak triglyceride response (TGPR)] correlated with the carotid artery intima-media thickness. RESULTS: Univariate analyses indicated both TG-AUC and TGPR had direct correlation with mean intima-media thickness measured from four well-defined vessel wall segments in the left and right carotid arteries (r = 0.45 and 0.41, both P < 0.01). After controlling for age, body mass index (BMI), triglyceride, HDL-C, and apolipoprotein B concentrations in fasting serum with multivariate stepwise regression analysis, the above correlation remained. There was an independent inverse correlation between HDL-C and carotid artery intima-media thickness. CONCLUSION: It is suggested that abnormal metabolism and clearance of postprandial TGRL can promote the progression of atherosclerosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Evaluation of pre- and post-operational esophageal manometric findings with achalasia].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the manometric feature of pre- and post-operation with achalasia and the result of surgical myotomy through abdominal incision. METHODS: The manometric studies were performed in 23 pre- and 11 post-operational patients, including 11 patients who received both pre- and post-operational studies. 24 hour pH monitoring was performed in 11 after surgical myotomy. RESULTS: Achalasia, a motor disorder of the esophageal body, and hypertension of the resting LES impaired relaxation. The incidence of reflux was 22.2%. CONCLUSIONS: Surgical myotomy through abdominal incision is an effective procedure. It is necessary to avoid LES incompetence or reflux esophagitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Correlation between gene expression of CCK-A receptor and gallbladder emptying in gallstone patients].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of CCK-A receptor and its relation with gallbladder hypomotility in patients with gallstone. METHODS: 20 patients with gallstone and 10 normal subjects were studied and gallbladder emptying function was measured by B ultrasonography. The other 8 patients without gallstone who died of accident were selected as controls for measuring mRNA expression of CCK-A receptor of gallbladder; RT-PCR was used to explore gene expression of CCK-A receptor of gallbladder. RESULTS: The gallbladder motility was significantly impaired in gallstone patients. The patients had lower mRNA expression of CCK-A receptor than control subjects (0.633 +/- 0.167 vs. 0.944 +/- 0.230, P < 0.01), and so did patients with impaired gallbladder motility then those with normal motility (0.544 +/- 0.124 vs. 0.768 +/- 0.131, P < 0.05). Furthermore, the change of expression of CCK-A receptors was markedly correlated with gallbladder emptying (r = 0.925, P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: mRNA expression of CCK-A receptor in gallstone patients decreases, which was related to gallbladder hypomotility. The down-regulation of gene expression of CCK-A receptor plays an important role in gallbladder hypomotility in patients with gallstone.

Cholecystolithiasis↗
PubMed1999

[Diagnosis and treatment of familial adenomatous polyposis].

OBJECTIVE: To summarize the experience with diagnosis and therapy of familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). METHODS: Thirteen patients with FAP who had undergone total colectomy were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS: In 5 patients with benign and 8 patients with malignant adenomatous polyposis, their average age at operation was 31.5 years (range 10 - 57), 25 years in benign patients and 36 years in malignant patients. Familial inherited histories were found in 8 patients in 6 families. Nineteen patients were determined in 6 families in 3 generations. Seven familial members died of colorectal cancer in 4 families. History lasted 2 - 20 years. The number of adenomatous polyposis was more than 100. All patients underwent total colectomy, ileostomy or anus-preserving surgery with or without ileal pouch. All patients without canceration survived. The longest one exceeded 25 years, but 3/8 patients with canceration developed metastasis of liver, brain and abdomen within 6 months after surgery. CONCLUSIONS: FAP will turn to be cancer if not removed. Total colectomy or proctocolectomy should be performed before canceration. Total colectomy, preserving muscular sheath of the rectum after mucosectomy, ileal pouch-anal anastomosis may be the operative choice for FAP.

Adenomatous Polyposis Coli↗
PubMed1999

[Experimental study of radiofrequency thermocoagulation and applied anatomy of posterior rami of lumbar nerves].

OBJECTIVE: To determine points of radiofrequency thermocoagulation of the posterior rami of the lumbar nerves and to choose an effective temperature at which the conduction of painful impulse can be blocked. METHODS: The posterior rami of the lumbar nerves were dissected in 15 corpses of adults. The ultrastructure of nerve fibres, changes of sensary conduction velocity (SCV) and the waveform of the unmedullated fibres which conduct painful impulse (c wave) were observed after the sciatic nerves of rabbits were coagulated at various temperatures (60 degrees C, 70 degrees C, 80 degrees C, 90 degrees C). RESULTS: "Transverse Process Root Area" and "Transverse Process Point" can be regarded as primary marks of thermocoagulation of the posterior rami of the lumbar nerves. Stimulation of square-wave can make the location more accurate. While the temperature of thermocoagulation reached 80 degrees C, none of painful afferent nerve fibres survived. CONCLUSIONS: With accurate location and good control of temperature, radiofrequency thermocoagulation will be an effective therapy for the patients suffering from pain resulted from pathological changes of the posterior rami of the lumbar nerves.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Application of perfluorocarbon liquids in vitrectomy].

OBJECTIVE: To popularize the use of perfluorocarbon liquids in vitrectomy and increase the cure rate of complicated retinal detachment. METHODS: The clinical application of perfluorocarbon liquids during vitrectomy for complicated retinal detachment of 76 eyes has been summarized. The postoperative retinal detachment rate and visual acuity of 54 eyes with retinal detachment complicated with severe proliferative vitreoretinopathy and 11 eyes with giant retinal tears were analyzed statistically. RESULTS: The retina was reattached in 71 of 76 eyes (93.4%), in 50 of 54 eyes with severe PVR (92.6%) and in 9 of 11 eyes with giant retinal tears (81.8%). The postoperative visual acuity was above 0.02 in 69 eyes (90.8%) and > 0.1 in 29 eyes (38.2%) of 76 eyes, respectively in 50 (92.6%) and 18 (33.3%) of 54 eyes with severe PVR and 9 (81.8%) and 4 (36.4%) of 11 eyes with giant retinal tears. During surgery, perfluorocarbon entered through tears into subretinal space and was removed immediately in 6 of 76 eyes. Postoperatively, a small portion of residual perfluorocarbon liquid was observed in the anterior chamber of 17 of 76 eyes and in the vitreous cavity of 2 phakic eyes of 76 eyes, no complication was observed except one case with mild corneal opacification. CONCLUSION: Perfluorocarbon liquids are the useful adjunct to the hydrokinetic manipulation in vitreous surgery.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Timing of vitrectomy for proliferative diabetic retinopathy in cases with type II diabetes mellitus].

OBJECTIVE: To determine the timing of vitrectomy for proliferative diabetic retinopathy with severe vitreous hemorrhage, retinal traction and even tractional detachment resulted from fibrovascular membranes in type II diabetes mellitus. METHODS: According to the preoperative duration of vitreous hemorrhage and severity of diabetic retinopathy, 78 eyes of 64 cases having undergone vitrectomy were divided into 2 groups for the comparison of postoperative visual acuity. RESULTS: After 9 months of follow-up, in the group with preoperative vitreous hemorrhage of or= 0.3, while in the group with preoperative vitreous hemorrhage of > 6 months' duration 5.3% of cases reached such a level (P < 0.01). After one year, in the group with preoperative vitreous hemorrhage of or= 0.5, while in the group with preoperative vitreous hemorrhages of > 6 months' duration, 7.1% (P < 0.05). In the group of vitreous hemorrhage with or without local tractional retinal detachment, 35.7% had visual acuity of >or= 0.5, while in the group with large area of tractional retinal detachment, 16.7% (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Earlier vitrectomy is preferable for type II diabetes mellitus with vitreous hemorrhage, and the operative treatment should not be abandoned for the patients with vitreous hemorrhage of longer duration and severe tractional retinal detachment.

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2↗
PubMed1999

[Rat retinal ganglion cells in culture].

OBJECTIVE: To establish a culture system for retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in order to lay a foundation for the experimental research in vitro. METHODS: The retinae of 16 postnatal 2 - 3 day Sprague-Dawley rats were dissected into cell suspension with trypsin digestion. The cell suspension was implanted in 24 well culture plates with a cover slide 1 cm(2) in size and covered with murine tail collagen preplaced in each well (4 x 10(5) cells/well) and cultured under 37 degree C in an incubator with 5% CO(2). The cells were identified by immunocytochemical method with anti-rat Thy -1.1 monoclonal antibody after culture for 1, 3, 5 days, respectively, and the number of RGCs and its axon-growth percentage were counted in each 10-field high power (HP, 200 x) view under light microscope. RESULTS: The RGCs cultured in murine tail collagen tissue grew very well. Some cells possessed axons and some axons connected in networks. The RGC number and its axon-growth percentage were (401 +/- 9) cells/10 HP and (25.34 +/- 0.72)% in 1-day-culture, (351 +/- 6) cells/10 HP and (35.16 +/- 2.22)% in 3-day-culture, (109 +/- 8) cells/10 HP and (69.84 +/- 0.97)% in 5-day-culture, respectively. CONCLUSION: RGCs can be cultured successfully and the murine tail collagen tissue is a good substratum for RGC survival in vitro.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

[A study of vitrectomy for retinal redetachment with silicone oil retained].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the outcome of vitrectomy for retinal redetachment in eyes with silicone oil tamponade and investigate the indications and surgical techniques of this surgery. METHODS: A total of 17 eyes (17 cases), in which retinal redetachment developed after the management of silicone oil tamponade, underwent pars plana vitrectomy with silicone oil retained. Directed by endoilluminator, membrane peeling, membrane inside-cut, full thickness retinal incision, internal drainage, endolaser, removal of subretinal perfluorocarbon liquids and injection of additional silicone oil, etc. were performed to make retinal reattachment. RESULTS: 14 eyes achieved retinal reattachment in total 17 eyes (82.4%). During operation, silicone oil migrated into anterior chamber in 1 eye and into suprachoroidal space in 1 eye. There was 1 eye with vitreous hemorrhage and ocular hypertension postoperatively. Retinal reattachment was not achieved in 3 eyes. CONCLUSIONS: Vitrectomy with silicone oil retained is an effective management for retinal redetachment of eyes with silicone oil tamponade. The advantages of this method are economical and time-saving. But the surgeon should be well trained and competent with vitrectomy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Long-term follow-up study on Hunan aqueous drainage implantation for refractory glaucoma].

One hundred and three cases(106 eyes) of refractory glaucoma underwent Hunan aqueous drainage (HAD) implantation from July 1993 to January 1998. The mean period of postoperative follow-up was 32.8 months. The intraocular pressure(IOP) was decreased from preoperative 6.6 +/- 1.8 kPa to postoperative 2.2 +/- 1.4 kPa at the 1st year after surgery. The success rates were 83.8% at the 1st year, 80.4% at the 2nd year, 77.1% at the 3rd year, 71.0% at the 4th year, and 64.3% at the 5th year using Kaplan-Meier lifetable analysis. The neovascular glaucoma had lower success rate. The success rate in 38 patients who were used adjunctively with mitomycin C in the operation was 89.5% at the 1st year. The common complications included early continuous flat anterior chamber, local choroidal detachment, increased IOP, and so on. This study suggests that HAD implantation is an effective method in the treatment of refractory glaucoma in spite of its complications.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Urotoxic effect to intestinal bacteria in patients with chronic renal failure].

UNLABELLED: To analyse the differences of intestinal bacterial quality and quantity, the feces taken from chronic renal failure(CRF) and healthy subject were cultured aerobicly. Then the isolated E. coli from CRF patients and healthy subjects was inoculated respectively into cultural medium with CRF serum and incubated whose concentration of UN, Cr and UA in medium before and after incubation was measured to observe the bacteria degrade of the above-mentioned urotoxin. RESULT: The intestinal E. coli can apparently degrade UN, Cr and UA in CRF patients which suggests that urotoxin may induce E. coli variation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Influence factors in the clearance of urea and creatinine through gastrointestinal tract].

To investigate the affection of different osmotic density, pH value, and dialytic fluid with drugs on the clearance of urea and creatinine through gastrointestinal tract, we used the renal-artery-ligated rabbits as the model. After the intravenous administration of urea and creatinine through ear vein, fistulas in duodenum at about 5 cm to pylorus and in ileum at about 5 cm to the valva ileocecalis were made to carry out intestinal dialysis. The results showed that the clearance of the urea in treated groups with mannitol, regitine, and oxystarch was higher than that in the control group with normal saline solution(P < 0.05). The clearance of urea and creatinine in treated groups with atropine was higher than that in the control group(P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the clearance of urea and creatinine among treated groups with different intestine pH value.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

[Experimental and clinical study to remove lead and to prevent lead damage of kidney with salt of high dose KI].

OBJECTIVE: To study and make a salt prevent lead poisoning. METHODS: SD rats were given 0.25% lead acetate by food intake and were given 10 mg.kg-1.d-1, 20 mg.kg-1.d-1 and 30 mg.kg-1.d-1 potassium iodide from drinking water in respective groups, in order to look for the dose of KI which prevents lead poisoning. The salt to prevent lead poisoning was made, 50 workers were given the salt as to flavouring of daily food intake. PbB, Pbu, ZPP, delta-ALA, NAG(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase), RP(Retinol protein) were observed. RESULTS: The dose of KI to prevent experimental lead poisoning of SD rats was 10 mg.kg-1.d-1 by oral intake. People who contacted lead had an increase of urine lead in the third day, and had most urine lead on ninth day after taking the salt with KI. Normal urine lead on the fourth week. Pre- and post-oral intake of the salt with high dose KI, Hb, ZPP, delta-ALA, PbB, NAG and Rp the people mentioned above had the following indexes, (101.2 and 128) g.L-1 (P = 0.05), (33.5 and 7.7) micrograms.g-1 Hb(P < 0.01), (123.12 and 65.35) mumol.L-1 (P < 0.05), (2.123 and 0.85) mumol.L-1 (P < 0.01), (20.9 and 6.7) U.L-1 (P < 0.01), (1.5 and 0.34) mg.L-1 (P < 0.05) respectively. CONCLUSION: The salt with 1% KI may remove lead and prevent lead damage of the kidney.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Study of the carrying of respiratory tract viruses in steroid-responsive and simple nephrotic syndrome].

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the carrying of respiratory tract viruses and the quantitative change of urinary protein of the steroid-responsive and simple nephrotic syndrome (SRSNS), and to assess the function of respiratory tract viruses in the triggering of the SRSNS, 37 children with nephrotic syndrome underwent the examination of respiratory tract viruses (APAAP method) once a week when they were hospitalized from August 1997 to March 1998. Among them, 17 children had simple nephrotic syndrome and 10 had nephritic nephrosis. Moreover, 18 children with respiratory infection in the same season were chosen as the control and were subjected to the examination of respiratory tract viruses by the same method. In the cases of SRSNS, the percentage for the carrying of respiratory tract viruses increases obviously in the acme, the percentage for the carrying of respiratory tract viruses of SRSNS has close relationship with the quantity of urinary protein (P < 0.05). There is no difference between the constitution of the category of the viruses carried in the acme of SRSNS and that of the viruses in the control (P > 0.05). The most frequently detected respiratory tract viruses in the acme of SRSNS is RNA virus, and that in the control is the same (P > 0.05). In the acme of SRSNS, most children have no symptoms of respiratory infection although respiratory tract viruses were detected. In the SRSNS, the percentage for the carrying of respiratory tract viruses increases obviously in the acme, it has an important relationship with the quantitative change of urinary protein. The category of the respiratory tract viruses detected in the SRSNS has a relationship with the season, this may be the reason why the cases of SRSNS so easily happen and relapse in this season. RNA virus perhaps plays an important role in the triggering of this disease, including the respiratory tract viruses infection and the carrying of respiratory tract viruses without the symptom of respiratory infection.

Carrier State↗
PubMed1999

[The signal transduction of cell activation by LPS: the studies from CD14 to p38 MAPK].

Recently there have been some substantial progresses in signal transduction of cell activation by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). After binding with LBP in the plasma, LPS is transported to the cell membrane surface of monocytes, then binds with membrane CD14 to induce cell activation. Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) take part in the signal transduction of LPS stimulated cell activation to produce bioactive substances including tumor necrosis factor. p38 MAPK is an important regulator for TNF-alpha expression. It is possible to provide new theory and idea for the treatment of septic shock from the studies of signal transduction of cell activation by LPS.

Animals↗