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Biomedical subjects

Y J Lu

Publications and source records attributed to Y J Lu.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

ICAAR, a novel member of a new family of transmembrane, tyrosine phosphatase-like proteins.

We have isolated a cDNA from human foetal brain cDNA library which encodes a putative transmembrane protein bearing an intracellular protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTPase) like domain. The PTPase like domain contains an alanine to aspartate amino acid change relative to other PTPases in the catalytic core domain. This amino acid change is found in only three other known proteins, islet cell autoantigens; human, murine and rat IA-2, murine IA-2b and its rat orthologue phogrin, which have a similar overall structure to ICAAR, and the recently identified X-linked myotubular myopathy (MTM1) gene. ICAAR, IA-2 and IA-2b clearly represent a new family of PTP-like proteins for which catalytic activity has yet to be demonstrated. An abundant ICAAR mRNA is detectable in the brain and pancreas but not in the other normal human tissues surveyed. We have localised ICAAR to human chromosome 7q36.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1996

2q-, a non-random chromosomal abnormality in human non-small-cell lung cancer.

Many cytogenetic studies have been carried out on human lung cancer. However the chromosomal alterations in human lung cancers are often complex, making it difficult to identify some abnormal chromosomes by routine cytogenetic studies. Using FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridization), we studied the alterations of chromosome 2, 3, and 17 in four human bronchial epithelial cell lines, two human non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines, and 12 primary NSCLC specimens. 2q- was found in three out of four human bronchial epithelial cell lines, two NSCLC cell lines, and three out of seven primary NSCLC specimens tested. 3p- was noted in five cases of twelve primary NSCLC patients examined. 3p- was the first cytogenetic discovery and the most prominent abnormality in lung cancer. 2q- has rarely been reported in human lung cancer but loss of heterozygosity by RFLP analysis for 2q had been reported in human NSCLC. Our results indicate that 2q- was also a non-random chromosomal abnormality in the early stage of the development of human NSCLC. There would be one or more putative tumor suppressor gene(s) on the long arm of chromosome 2. Loss of the gene(s) presumably contributes to the carcinogenesis of human non-small-cell lung cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Integration of SV40 at 12q23 in SV40-immortalized human bronchial epithelial cells.

In four SV40-immortalized human bronchial epithelia] cell lines established in our laboratory, we identified the SV40 integration sites by fluorescence in situ hybridization. We found that in the late passage of all the four cell lines, SV40 integrated at 12q23. It is possible that only SV40 integration at 12q23 is necessary for the immortalization of human bronchial epithelial cells. Some DNA sequences or genes in the region, such as IGF-1, may be involved with a proliferative advantage of the cells with 12q23 SV40 integration.

Bronchi↗
PubMed1995

The CryIA(c) receptor purified from Manduca sexta displays multiple specificities.

The kinetic binding characteristics of four Bacillus thuringiensis CryI insecticidal crystal proteins to a Cry-binding protein, purified from Manduca sexta brush-border vesicles, were analyzed by an optical biosensor. This 120-kilodalton binding protein, previously determined to be aminopeptidase N, was converted to a 115-kilodalton water-soluble form by removing the attached glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor with phospholipase C. The solubilized form recognized the three major subclasses of CryIA toxins but not CryIC even though all four CryI proteins are toxic to larvae of M. sexta. CryIA(a) and CryIA(b) toxins bound to a single site on the solubilized aminopeptidase N molecule whereas CryIA(c) bound to two distinct sites. Apparent kinetic rate constants were determined for each binding reaction. All three CryIA toxins exhibited moderately fast on rates (approximately 10(-5) M-1 s-1) and a slow reversible off rate (approximately 10(-3) s-1). Although the second CryIA(c)-binding site retained a moderately fast association rate, it was characterized by a rate of dissociation from the amino-peptidase an order of magnitude faster than observed for the other CryIA-binding sites. CryIA(c) binding to both sites was strongly inhibited in the presence of N-acetylgalactosamine (IC50 = 5 mM) but not N-acetylglucosamine, mannose, or glucose. CryIA(a) and CryIA(b) binding were unaffected in the presence of the same sugars. Our results serve to illustrate both the complexity and the diverse nature of toxin interactions with Cry-binding proteins.

Acetylgalactosamine↗
PubMed1994

Molecular characterization of a strain-specific repeated DNA sequence in the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).

The fall armyworm moth, Spodoptera frugiperda, is a migratory species composed of sympatric corn and rice strains. The strains are indistinguishable in morphology but can be recognized by molecular markers. We have cloned and characterized seven monomer units of a repeated DNA sequence, called FR, which is found exclusively in the genome of the rice strain individuals. The 189 bp FR units are tandemly organized in arrays longer than 30 kb. Female individuals possess over 100-fold more of the FR sequence than male individuals. The repeated sequence is not methylated at GGCC sites, and shows high sequence similarity among repeat units.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Direct chromosome analysis of 50 primary breast carcinomas.

Direct chromosome analyses were performed in 50 cases of primary breast carcinoma. Thirty-six cases had modal chromosome counts in the diploid range; the other 14 cases were polyploid. Of the 22 cases with detailed G-banding analyses, the most frequent structural changes involved chromosome 1 (15 of 22), 3 (13 of 22), and 6 (13 of 22). Deletion of chromosome 1p was noted in nine cases, and both 3p- and 6q- were noted in 10 cases.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1993

Parasellar epidural hydatid cysts.

We report two rare cases of parasellar epidural hydatid cysts. Among the 64 patients with intracranial hydatid cysts we have treated in the past 20 years, only these two cases were located epidurally. Because the location and the computed tomographic characteristics were so different from the other cysts, the preoperative diagnosis was difficult to make. We were unable to remove the cysts without rupturing them because they were tightly surrounded. Both patients underwent surgery twice because of a recurrence. The treatment of this kind of case requires further discussion.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Study of deposition and translocation of mineral dust in lungs of tin miners in Yunnan by X-ray microanalysis].

Histochemistry, SEM-EDX and X-ray fluorescence analysis were applied to detect the distribution of iron, arsenic and other related elements in the pulmonary tissues of tin miners in Yunnan. Lesions obtained in human beings could be reproduced in rats subjected to intratracheal injection of arsenic containing ore dust, which was prepared in order to study the deposition, dissociation and release of inhaled less-soluble arsenic containing ors dust in the lungs and the process of development of different ferruginous bodies. Data obtained in the pulmonary tissues provided also the evidence about the role of arsenic as the etiological factor of lung carcinoma in the tin miners of Yunnan province.

Animals↗