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Biomedical subjects

Y Iwata

Publications and source records attributed to Y Iwata.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[An assessment of outcome prediction in patients with severe brain damage with auditory brainstem response and blink reflex].

Results of auditory brainstem response (ABR) and electrically elicited blink reflex (BR) recorded from 43 patients with severe brain damage within three days after the onset of illness were analyzed to assess the prognostic value of ABR and BR with respect to patient outcome evaluated by the criteria proposed by Jennett and Bond. It was possible to recognize, in recordings obtained from patients with severe brain damage, three basic patterns of BR as well as five patterns of ABR within three days after the onset. Three basic patterns of BR were composed of Type I, which closely approximated the BR of normal subjects except for moderately prolonged latency of R2, Type II, which indicated absence of bilateral R2 activities, and Type III, which showed absence of R1 as well as bilateral R2. ABRs were graded, in increasing order of abnormality, from Type I to Type V. Type I was almost normal pattern from wave I to wave V. Type II indicated prolonged latency or markedly reduced amplitude of waves IV and V. Type III showed absence of waves IV and V. Type IV had only wave I. Type V indicated absence of all waves. BR abnormalities significantly proved useful in predicting vital prognosis of the comatose patients with supratentorial lesion. In patients who had Type II of BR, additional studies of ABR enhanced the reliability of prediction of functional prognosis. On the other hand, ABR was recognized as stronger basis for predicting outcome in patients with infratentorial lesion. All patients with Type IV or Type V of ABR were expired within one month after the onset.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Improvement of cerebral blood flow and/or CO2 reactivity after superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery bypass in patients with transient ischemic attacks and watershed-zone infarctions.

The effect of extracranial-intracranial bypass anastomosis on cerebral blood flow and CO2 reactivity during hypocapnia was investigated in ten patients with transient ischemic attacks or watershed infarctions due to carotid occlusive diseases. Six patients had occlusion and four had stenosis (greater than 50%) of the internal carotid artery. Those with infarctions had increased cerebral blood flow and CO2 reactivity postoperatively, and improved clinically. Those with transient ischemic attacks due to stenosis (greater than 50%) of the internal carotid artery had increased CO2 reactivity postoperatively but constant normal regional blood flow. Cerebral blood flow improved in those with poorer flow, CO2 reactivity increased in those with better reactivity, and better CO2 reactivity preoperatively brought about a greater flow increase. The pre- and postoperative evaluation of cerebral blood flow and CO2 reactivity is believed to be useful in evaluating the effectiveness of bypass anastomosis. Preoperative evaluation might be informative in selecting candidates for bypass.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

[Fundamental and clinical studies on sulbactam/cefoperazone in the field of obstetrics and gynecology].

The tissue penetration of sulbactam/cefoperazone (SBT/CPZ) was studied. The drug was also used in the treatment of 3 patients with gyneco-obstetrical infection. The results of these studies are summarized as follows. The elbow venous blood concentration and uterine arterial blood concentration were in about the same level and diminution curve of their concentrations took also a similar pattern. The tissue levels of the uterus and uterine appendices were determined and found to be high in the portio vaginalis, myometrium and oviduct. Each of the 3 patients with whom the dead space fluid concentration was determined showed her own concentration curve. SBT/CPZ was administered to 2 patients with adnexitis and 1 patient with pelvic peritonitis, and was markedly effective in 2 patients and moderately effective in other 1 patient.

Adnexa Uteri↗
PubMed1984

Therapeutic occlusion of the vertebral artery for unclippable vertebral aneurysm: relationship between site of occlusion and clinical outcome.

Six cases of unclippable vertebral aneurysms were treated by therapeutic occlusion of the proximal vertebral artery. In three cases, the vertebral artery was clipped proximal to the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA), and all of these patients had a postoperative embolic complication or a fatal subarachnoid hemorrhage. In two cases, the vertebral artery was clipped distal to the PICA and in one case the PICA was absent and the vertebral artery was clipped proximal to the aneurysm. All three of these patients did well without any neurological deficit. Possible mechanisms of the complications are discussed, and the importance of not clipping the PICA is stressed.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Inhibition of DNA polymerase alpha by 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside 5'-triphosphates: effect of manganese ion.

Inhibitory effects of 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside 5'-triphosphates (ddNTP's) on the activity of mouse myeloma DNA polymerase alpha were examined. In contrast to the widely accepted conclusion that DNA polymerase alpha was not inhibited by ddNTP, our results showed that all 4 ddNTP's (ddATP, ddCTP, ddGTP, ddTTP) exhibited strong inhibitory power to this enzyme in the presence of Mn2+. The observed inhibitions by ddNTP's were neither due to chain termination of growing DNA nor to enzyme inactivation by these compounds, but due to competition with deoxynucleoside triphosphate with the same base. The inhibition constant (Ki) varied depending on the combination of template-primer, substrate and inhibitor. The results suggest that Mn2+ plays a role in increasing affinity of the dideoxynucleotides to DNA polymerase alpha by interacting with anyone or more of the dideoxynucleotide, enzyme and template-primer.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Computed tomography of sinonasal non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

Seven cases of primary malignant lymphoma of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses were examined with computed tomography. Histology was "diffuse non-Hodgkin lymphoma" in all cases. Computed tomography clearly delineated the extent of the tumors, which involved either the maxillary sinus or the nasal cavity and extended into the subcutaneous tissue of the cheek, as well as in the infratemporal fossa or nasopharynx. Bony wall destruction was evident in only three cases; it was slight and clearly less marked than the destruction usually encountered in cases of carcinoma.

Female↗
PubMed1984

[Quantitative measurement and clinical analysis of serum levels of immunosuppressive acidic protein (IAP) in hematopoietic malignancies].

Serum levels of immunosuppressive acidic protein (IAP) in 105 patients with hematopoietic malignancies, there were 12 cases of acute myeloblastic leukemia, 1 acute monocytic leukemia, 13 myelomonocytic leukemia, 4 acute promyelocytic leukemia, 26 chronic myelogenous leukemia, 22 non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, 5 Hodgkin's disease, 6 adult T-cell leukemia, 5 acute lymphoblastic leukemia, 3 chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and 8 multiple myeloma. High levels of serum IAP were detected in all of the patients except chronic phase of CML, malignant lymphoma in stage I and II, and multiple myeloma. In the cases of malignant lymphoma, serum IAP levels in stage III and IV were higher with statistical significance (p less than 0.01) than those in stage I and II. Serum IAP levels in the patients with CML in blastic crisis were higher than in the chronic phase, so serum IAP levels are useful as one diagnostic parameters in blastic crisis. However, in patients with ANLL in relapse, serum IAP levels showed normal values. Serum IAP levels paralleled those of acute phase reactants such as alpha 1-acid glycoprotein , C-reactive protein, alpha 2-globulin, and alpha 1-antitrypsin, and had inverse correlations with PPD and PHA skin test.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1984

Multilayer-film analysis for urea nitrogen in blood, serum, or plasma.

Two types of multilayer-film slides for measurement of urea nitrogen in blood are reported here: one for whole-blood samples, the other for plasma or serum. Urea nitrogen concentrations in plasma are determined almost immediately, without preparation of reagents or centrifugation of blood samples. Because the sample volume applied to the slide is not critical, reliable results are quickly obtained by the neophyte.

Autoanalysis↗
PubMed1983

Coarctation of the aorta in early infancy. Left ventricular outflow tract obstruction and its clinical implications.

In order to clarify the clinical significance of left ventricular outflow tract obstruction, 11 infants with coarctation of the aorta and ventricular septal defect were subjected to cineangiography (or autopsy) analysis. Three infants without left ventricular outflow tract obstruction were salvaged by aortoplasty using a subclavian flap or a Dacron patch with concomitant pulmonary artery banding. The remaining 8 infants died surgically or nonsurgically, and were confirmed retrospectively to have had left ventricular outflow tract obstruction. It seems worthwhile to stress that the presence of an abnormal muscle bundle in the left ventricle can be demonstrated angiographically, especially by the axial technique. From our present study, though the number of cases examined is limited, we have an impression that left ventricular outflow tract obstruction may be a determining factor with regard to the appropriateness of pulmonary artery banding in the two-stage operation for infantile coarctation associated with a large ventricular septal defect.

Aortic Coarctation↗
PubMed1983

Value of computed tomography for radiation therapy of tumors of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses.

The role of computed tomography (CT) in connection with irradiation was evaluated in 60 patients with malignant tumors of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. The extent of the tumors was well demonstrated at CT. The infratemporal fossa was involved in 33 patients, extension to the intracranial cavity was found in 6, and in 16 extension to the contralateral side. Such information is of great help in radiation treatment planning. On the other hand, CT was less valuable for evaluating the effect of radiation therapy.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1983

Demonstrating patency of STA-MCA anastomosis with Tc-99m albumin microspheres.

A patient with occlusion of the left internal carotid artery underwent an anastomosis between branches of the left superficial temporal and middle cerebral arteries (STA-MCA). A left carotid angiogram 9 days later showed extreme, tapered narrowing of the involved STA branch, with no filling of the MCA from the bypass. A year later, symptoms had improved slightly, and a minimally invasive study was made with Tc-99m human albumin microspheres. This showed patency of the bypass, with intracranial perfusion in the MCA field, findings later confirmed by a repeat left carotid angiogram. It appears that Tc-99m HAM scintigraphy will be useful in assessing the effectiveness of this and other bypass operations.

Cerebral Angiography↗