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Biomedical subjects

Y Iwai

Publications and source records attributed to Y Iwai.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Fudecalone, a new anticoccidial agent produced by Penicillium sp. FO-2030.

Penicillium sp. FO-2030, a soil isolate, was found to produce a new anticoccidial compound. The active compound, designated fudecalone, was isolated from the fermentation broth of the producing strain by solvent extraction, silica gel column chromatography and preparative HPLC. The structure of fudecalone was elucidated to be 3,3a,6,6a,7,8,9,10-octahydro-1-hydroxy-4,7,7-trimethyl-1H-naphtho[1,8a- c]furan-6-one mainly by spectroscopic studies including various NMR measurements. The anticoccidial activity using cell systems indicated that schizont formation of monensin-resistant Eimeria tenella was completely inhibited by fudecalone at concentrations more than 16 microM.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[A comparative morphologic study of Carabelli cusp between Chinese and Japanese students.].

The study of teeth,dentition and occlusion is helpful to guide oral medical clinic and the study of anthropology.Our department of Osaka Dental University and had many items of research work about teeth,dentition and occlusion between Chinese and Japanese students.This article reports the study of Carabelli cusp.The results revealed:(1)the rate of Carabelli cusp is higher in Japanese than in Chinese and is higher in male than in female.(2)the rate of Carabelli cusp of the first maxillary molar of both side is very high.(3)The rate of Carabelli cusp is related to the height and the type of cusp numbers.These all illustrated the occurence of Carabeiil cusp were influenced by race, individual and the development of teeth.

English Abstract↗
PubMed1995

[Usefulness of allopurinol for prevention of myocardial reperfusion injury in open heart surgery].

Xanthine oxidase has been demonstrated to be an important factor in postischemic reperfusion injury. Allopurinol is the inhibitor of xanthine oxidase. In this study, we evaluated usefulness of allopurinol for prevention of myocardial reperfusion injury in open heart surgery. Twenty adult patients were divided into two groups; Ap-group (n = 10) were administered allopurinol for seven days just before operation and control-group (n = 10) were administered nothing. The dose of allopurinol was ranged 100-300 mg/day. The dose was determined according to renal function of patients. Coronary sinus blood hypoxanthine, xanthine, uric acid, lactate, pyruvate, CK, and CK-MB levels were measured at before CPB, 5 and 15 min. after aortic declamping, 5 min. after CPB. Hypoxanthine and xanthine levels in Ap-group were significantly higher than those in control-group at 5 and 15 min. after aortic declamping, 5 min. after CPB. Uric acid levels in Ap-group were significantly lower than those in control-group at 5 and 15 min. after aortic declamping, 5 min. after CPB. Lactate, pyruvate, CK, and CK-MB levels were not different between Ap-group and control group. We considered that allopurinol suppressed the reaction rate of xanthine oxidase. Therefore, the levels of intermediates, hypoxanthine and xanthine, were high and, the level of final product, uric acid was low in Ap-group. However, allopurinol had no efficacy for the level of lactate, pyruvate, CK, and CK-MB, in this study.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

[Seminal plasma cytokines in nonbacterial prostatitis: changes following sparfloxacin treatment].

The detection of various cytokines; interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), was studied in patients with nonbacterial prostatitis (NBP), and the clinical efficacy of sparfloxacin was also reported. The seminal plasma of 11 normal men and 10 patients with NBP were examined for the cytokines. There was no IL-1 beta or IL-6 in the seminal plasma of normal men. TNF-alpha was detected in only one normal man. In the seminal plasma of the patients, IL-1 beta was detected in 2 out of 10, and IL-6 was also detected in 6. TNF-alpha was detected in 6 out of 10 patients with NBP. The rate of detection of IL-6 and TNF-alpha was significantly higher in the patients with NBP than in normal men. The average levels (range) of IL-1 beta, IL-6 and TNF-alpha were 28 pg/ml (27-29), 110 pg/ml (25-476) and 25 pg/ml (6-113), respectively. After treatment with sparfloxacin at a dose of 100 mg to 200 mg per day, their symptoms disappeared. The number of leukocytes in the seminal plasma decreased to the normal level and these cytokines were not detected. The favorable clinical effect was achieved in 13 of the 17 patients (76%). These findings suggested that the cytokines have an important role in the pathogenesis of prostatitis and that the level of the cytokines are useful indicators in patients with prostatitis, particularly with NBP.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Development of a health administration system for inhabitants in local community without abnormal findings by health examination.

This study was to establish practical methods to apply to the community health promotion program the data obtained by surveys in a fishing village, under "The Health and Medical Services Law for the Aged." This data, together with guidelines on health counseling for inhabitants in the local community with less abnormal findings on health examination, could be used for developing a health promotion support system. In 1990, a questionnaire survey was carried out on lifestyle such as diet, exercise, and rest, of 1,497 inhabitants (557 males, 940 females) attending for a health examination under "The Health and Medical Services Law for the Aged," at Nishiizu district, Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan. The questionnaire inquired about the subjects' health behavior and consciousness, i.e., on their dietary intake and preferences, dietary habits, regular exercise, exercise habits, and rest, both in fact as well as in perception. In 1991, a survey was also carried out on the daily physical activity and exercise of 1,737 inhabitants (620 males, 1,117 females) attending for a health examination under the law in the same district. The items measured were the daily physical activity, the exercise intensity, and the frequency score derived from several exercises. The relationship to the exercise score was made on the basis of the sex, age, daily physical activity, and the findings of the health examination as well as the self-evaluation of health. In 1992, based on these results and also on the know-how about the software made for similar purposes, "The Health Promotion Support System" for the personal computer was developed in order to help public health nurses perform health counseling for the local community. By means of this system, the answers concerning the health examination findings, habits, health conditions, etc., enabled us to obtain information about the appropriate amount of exercise needed for health, and of the total exercise time needed in a week at the level of 40% maximum oxygen intake. In order to ascertain the quality and effect of the program, the system was applied practically by the public health services, both at Nishiizu district and at Maruyama, Chiba Prefecture, Japan. A questionnaire survey was also conducted in Chiba Prefecture, the subjects were seven public health nurses. The results of this survey showed that the system was successfully applied to the people who received less care because of not having abnormal findings on the health examination.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Mouse Mammary Tumor Virus Proviral Integration in the DD/Tbr Mice.

The patterns of mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) integration in the DNA of spontaneous-mammary tumors, salivary glands and livers of DD/Tbr mice were examined using MMTV env, int -1c and int-2c probes. The MMTV env probe revealed 1 to 7 new proviral insertions in all mammary tumors. MMTV integration into int-1 was observed in 10 of 18 mammary tumors, whereas that into int-2 was seen in only 2 of 18 tumors. Of the 13 salivary glands examined, only 3 showed new MMTV proviral integrations, but rearrangement in int-1 or int-2 loci by MMTV was not observed. Immuno-collidal gold electron microscopy revealed the presence of MMTV particles both in mammary tumors and in salivary glands, but no tumors were found to be developed in salivary glands. Taken together these results suggest that salivary glands support MMTV replication, but the virions thus produced may not lead to salivary gland tumorigenesis. It is suggested that the salivary gland is the source of horizontally transmitted MMTV in DD/Tbr mice.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1994

A Drosophila homolog of cadherin associated with armadillo and essential for embryonic cell-cell adhesion.

We have identified a Drosophila homolog of vertebrate classic cadherins. A monoclonal antibody to Drosophila alpha-catenin (D alpha-catenin) copurifies a 150-kDa glycoprotein (gp150) along with the alpha-catenin. To further characterize this protein, we generated monoclonal antibodies to gp150 and isolated its cDNAs using the antibodies. Predicted sequences of the encoded product revealed that it is a transmembrane protein with similarity to vertebrate classic cadherins, and so we designated this molecule DE-cadherin. The extracellular domain has six cadherin-specific repeats, although the first repeat seems to be cleaved off upon maturation, and the cytoplasmic domain shows significant identity to that of vertebrate classic cadherins. DE-cadherin is distinguishable from its vertebrate counterparts by a large insertion with local sequence similarity to Fat, laminin A chain, Slit, and neurexin I at the proximal region of the extracellular domain. Despite such differences, DE-cadherin is functionally similar to vertebrate classic cadherins. For example, it is associated with alpha-catenin and beta-catenin (Armadillo), and protected from trypsin digestion only in the presence of Ca2+, as is the case for many of classic cadherins. Transfection of S2 cells with the DE-cadherin cDNA enhances their Ca(2+)-dependent cell aggregation. Antibodies to this molecule inhibited aggregation of not only the transfectants but also early embryonic cells. DE-cadherin is concentrated at the apical poles of epithelial cell-cell junctions. All these results suggest that DE-cadherin is a homolog of vertebrate classic cadherins and that the vertebrate and invertebrate share common mechanisms for regulation of cell-cell adhesion.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1994

Amino acids and peptides. XXI. Laminin-related peptide analogs including poly(ethylene glycol) hybrids and their inhibitory effect on experimental metastasis.

Laminin-related peptides, Tyr-Ile-Gly-Ser-Arg analogs, were prepared and their inhibitory effects on experimental metastasis were examined. Of the amino acids in the Tyr-Ile-Gly-Ser-Arg sequence, L-Arg was very important and Ile was not essential for the inhibitory effect. To obtain a potent inhibitor of metastasis, hybrids of Tyr-Ile-Gly-Ser-Arg-Gly and 2 types of poly(ethylene glycol) were prepared. The inhibitory effects of the hybrids were more potent than that of Tyr-Ile-Gly-Ser-Arg-Gly.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1994

[New method of retrograde urethrography. Clinical study of autourethrography].

Autourethrography (A-UG), a new method of retrograde urethrography was developed, in which the patient injects the contrast medium by himself under fluoroscopical observation by urologists out side of the room. For clinical study of A-UG, comparative study between A-UG and the conventional retrograde urethrography (C-UG) was performed on 20 patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy. The mean age was 68.8 years (range 49-85 years) in A-UG and 69.4 years (range 61-86 years) in C-UG. We evaluated complications of A-UG, compared with these of C-UG. Opacification of the posterior urethra was achieved in all but one in A-UG. None of these patients in A-UG experienced pain during the examination of A-UG. On the other hand, all patient experienced pain in C-UG. Urethral bleeding occurred in only one of 19 patients in A-UG, compared with eighteen of 20 patients in C-UG. Extravasation occurred in one of 19 patients in A-UG, compared with three patients of 20 patients in C-UG. A-UG left the urologists free from the radiological exposure. It is concluded that A-UG is highly useful examination for patients and urologists.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Arohynapenes A and B, new anticoccidial agents produced by Penicillium sp. Taxonomy, fermentation, and structure elucidation.

Penicillium sp. FO-2295, a water isolate, was found to produce a series of new anticoccidial compounds. Two active compounds, designated arohynapenes A and B, were isolated from the fermentation broth of the producing strain by solvent extration and preparative HPLC. Arohynapene A was deduced to be (2E,4E)-5-(5-hydroxy-2,6,8-trimethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphtale ne)-2,4- pentadienoic acid, and arohynapene B was (2E,4E)-5-(2-hydroxymethyl-6,8-dimethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronapht alene)-2,4- pentadienoic acid. Arohynapenes inhibited the growth of Eimeria tenella in an in vitro assay using BHK-21 cells as a host. No schizont in the cells was observed at concentrations ranging above 35.0 microM and 7.0 microM for arohynapenes A and B, respectively.

Coccidiostats↗
PubMed1994

Cytosaminomycins, new anticoccidial agents produced by Streptomyces sp. KO-8119. I. Taxonomy, production, isolation and physico-chemical and biological properties.

Streptomyces amakusaensis KO-8119, a soil isolate, was found to produce a series of new anticoccidial compounds. Four active compounds, designated as cytosaminomycins A, B, C and D, were isolated from the fermentation broth of the producing strain by solvent extraction, silica gel column chromatography and preparative HPLC. Cytosaminomycins inhibited the growth of Eimeria tenella in an in vitro assay system using primary chicken embryonic cells as a host. No schizont in the cells was observed at concentrations ranging from 0.3 to 0.6 microgram/ml for cytosaminomycins A, B and C, and at 2.5 micrograms/ml for cytosaminomycin D.

Aminoglycosides↗
PubMed1994

Cytosaminomycins, new anticoccidial agents produced by Streptomyces sp. KO-8119. II. Structure elucidation of cytosaminomycins A, B, C and D.

Structures of novel anticoccidial antibiotics, cytosaminomycins A, B, C and D, were elucidated by NMR studies. Cytosaminomycins were shown to be nucleoside antibiotics related to oxyplicacetin. Their carboxylic acid moieties bonded to the cytosine residue were different from that of oxyplicacetin. The carboxylic acids contained in cytosaminomycins A, B, C and D were (E)-3-(methylthio)acrylic acid, 4-methylaminobenzoic acid, 3-methylcrotonic acid, and tiglic acid, respectively.

Aminoglycosides↗
PubMed1994

[Clinical evaluation of intracavernous self-injection of vasoactive drugs for impotence: a long-term follow-up observation].

From December 1989 to September 1992, nine patients with impotence were instructed to perform intracavernous self-injection of vasoactive drugs. At first 40 mg of papaverine hydrochloride was used in all patients and the response on erection was evaluated. If the response did not show sufficiently functional erection, a mixture of 40 mg of papaverine hydrochloride and 1 mg of phentolamine mesylate or 20 mg of prostaglandin E1 was reinjected. Eight patients had achieved full erections and vaginal penetrations without noteworthy complications during the follow-up period. Out of eight patients, three patients were able to ejaculate and one patient showed recovery of erection. No major side effects were seen. In conclusion, intracavernous self-injection is a useful modality for impotence.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Double-loculated chronic subdural hematoma in a patient on hemodialysis: case report].

A 61-year-old male who had been regularly hemodialyzed for a year and 8 months developed a double-loculated chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH). Computed tomography (CT) revealed a heterogenous-density hematoma at the right fronto-parietal convexity. After a burr hole aspiration and irrigation, CT disclosed a residual hematoma and a septum separating the hematoma cavities. The hematoma and the septum were removed by right frontal craniotomy. At surgery, it was found that the thick septum completely separated the hematoma cavities and the outside hematoma was made up of coagula containing trabecula-like structures, and the inside hematoma consisted of old bloody fluid. Histological examination showed that the outer membrane and the septum were both thick because of the invasion by numerous lymphocytes which suggested that the intramembraneous bleeding from sinusoids split the outer membrane of an old CSDH. Double or multi-loculated CSDH should be considered in a case which is slow in recovery or aggravated after a burr hole aspiration and irrigation.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1994

[Condyloma acuminatum in female urethra: a case report].

A case of female intraurethral condyloma acuminata is present in this report. A 52-year-old woman visited our hospital with the chief complaint of miction pain and bloody secretions. Thirty seven years previously, she had had a pudental tumor resected which was diagnosed as condyloma acuminata. Physical examination revealed two child-finger-head sized, polypoid tumors which arose from about 5 mm inside the external urethral orifice. Laboratory findings were negative for rapid plasma reagin card test (RPR), positive for treponema pallidum hemagglutination test (TPHA) and Trichomonas vaginalis in urine and vaginal secretion. Under the clinical diagnosis of condyloma acuminata, the tumors were resected. Histological examination revealed koilocytosis with mild dysplasia. The histochemical analysis of human papillomavirus (HPV) by in situ hybridization revealed positive for HPV type 31/33/51 and negative for HPV type 6/11 and 16/18. Histological examinations confirmed that the tumors were condyloma acuminata. No recurrence was seen at the 7th post-operative month.

Condylomata Acuminata↗