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Biomedical subjects

Y Itai

Publications and source records attributed to Y Itai.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Prominent collateral vein in portal hypertension mimicking liver tumours: a pitfall in computed tomography.

Computed tomography (CT) was performed on four patients with a prominent porto-systemic collateral vein, including three with an enlarged para-umbilical vein. We have observed a pitfall in non-contrast CT scans of patients with portal hypertension, in which a prominent collateral vein may mimic a liver tumour. Dynamic CT as well as magnetic resonance imaging is of great value in such cases.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1987

Computed tomographic evaluation of gallbladder disease.

Evaluation of gallbladder diseases by computed tomography (CT) is limited compared with ultrasonographic evaluation. However, CT can bring about excellent information in advanced carcinoma of the gallbladder, severe and complicated cholecystitis, porcelain gallbladder, and indication for dissolution of gallbladder stones. Unique findings are also available in emphysematous cholecystitis, xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis, stones with gas (Mercedez-Benz sign), limy bile, and enhancement in acute cholecystitis. Combined use of CT and ultrasound apparently increase the accuracy of diagnosis in carcinoma and cholecystitis. This article is composed of sections on carcinoma, cholecystitis, stone, bile in the gallbladder, calcification, gas and fat, and miscellaneous topics including polypoid lesions, adenomyomatosis, hydrops, and wall thickening.

Cholecystitis↗
PubMed1987

Hepatic haemangioma: dynamic MRI using gadolinium-DTPA.

Six patients with hepatic haemangioma were examined with a 1.5 tesla magnetic resonance scanner before and immediately after bolus injection of 0.05 mmol/kg gadolinium-DTPA. Eight to ten spin-echo images (TR: 100 msec, TE: 20 msec, scanning time: 26 sec) were obtained through the region of the haemangioma. In all cases, dense contrast enhancement of the lesion was demonstrated. The enhancement spread in all directions from the lesion on subsequent delayed scans (high signal fill-in); a signal higher than that from surrounding hepatic parenchyma was present two minutes after contrast injection. Dynamic MRI is a promising method for the evaluation of hepatic haemangioma and it is more easily tolerated by patients than dynamic CT using iodinated contrast medium.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

"Ductectatic" mucinous cystadenoma and cystadenocarcinoma of the pancreas.

Five cases of localized cystic dilatation of a side branch of the main pancreatic duct due to a new entity ("ductectatic" mucinous cystadenoma and cystadenocarcinoma) are reported. The dilated duct was widely covered by epithelium indistinguishable from that of mucinous cystadenoma (n = 4) or cystadenocarcinoma (n = 1) of the pancreas. All lesions were located in the uncinate process and were about 3 cm in size. On computed tomographic scans and sonograms, lesions were difficult to distinguish from simple cyst of the pancreas unless lobulated or irregular margins were demonstrated. Endoscopic retrograde pancreatography (ERP) or operative pancreatography clearly demonstrated characteristic findings: localized, prominent cystic dilatation of a side branch of the main pancreatic duct with grape-like clusters or pear-shaped pools of contrast material associated with filling defects of various sizes. When a cystic lesion is noted in the uncinate process of the pancreas, ERP is mandatory to confirm or rule out this potentially or overtly malignant disease.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Dynamic CT features of arterioportal shunts in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Dynamic computed tomographic (CT) findings of 42 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma having angiographically proven arterioportal shunt were reviewed. CT findings related to arterioportal shunt were as follows: early enhancement of the portal vein, which showed a time-density curve similar to that of the aorta, markedly prolonged enhancement of the portal vein, dilated, abnormal intrahepatic vessels often accompanied by irregular, transiently enhanced areas, transient high attenuation of lobar or segmental distribution in the lobe contralateral to the main tumor, and transient wedge-shaped enhancement peripheral to the tumor. Dynamic CT usually detected arterioportal shunts involving larger portal veins as represented by any of the first four findings (14 of 17), whereas detection of arterioportal shunts involving smaller portal veins was lower in frequency (8 of 25), but such a shunt could be demonstrated as transient wedge-shaped enhancement peripheral to the tumor.

Arteriovenous Malformations↗
PubMed1986

CT of hepatic masses: significance of prolonged and delayed enhancement.

Hepatic masses showing higher density than that of liver after 3 min (prolonged enhancement) and/or having prominent enhancement after the arterial-dominant phase (delayed enhancement) of dynamic CT (bolus enhancement followed by serial scans) were reviewed. Prolonged enhancement was noted in any hepatic masses, but mainly in cavernous hemangioma and capsule of hepatocellular carcinoma, whereas delayed enhancement occurred in capsule of hepatocellular carcinoma and occasionally in metastatic tumor. The volume of arterial and portal blood supply, turnover rate of blood, extent of the interstitial space, and diffusion rate between the vascular and interstitial space, as well as dose and speed of contrast agent administered, seemed to be important factors in such contrast enhancement. Prolonged enhancement and delayed enhancement are nonspecific but still are of some value in the differentiation of hepatic masses on dynamic CT.

Biliary Tract Neoplasms↗
PubMed1986

[Diagnostic imaging of hepatic tumors].

There are several imaging methods for the detection of small hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC). The combined use of computed tomography (CT) and angiography is an excellent method. CT following intraarterial injection of iodized oil is a sensitive and useful examination for the detection of small hypervascular HCCs. CT during arterial portography is superior in visualizing small hypovascular HCCs. These methods are complementary to each other. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a new examination. T1 and T2 of the HCC are usually longer than normal hepatic parenchyma. HCCs greater than 2 cm are almost detected by MRI.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗