[A resected case of esophageal neurofibroma, and review of the Japanese literature].
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Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
Y Ishimaru
Publications and source records attributed to Y Ishimaru.
Comparison of human and porcine group C rotaviruses by northern blot hybridization analysis.
The genetic relationship between human and porcine Gp C rotaviruses and between Gp C and Gp A or B rotaviruses was examined by Northern blot hybridization. Cross-hybridization studies using radiolabeled ssRNA transcript probes demonstrated that the human and porcine Gp C rotaviruses shared a high degree of nucleotide sequence homology in most of the eleven gene segments; the greatest sequence divergence was observed in gene 7. Neither the human nor the porcine Gp C probe hybridized strongly with gene segments from Gp A reference strains or a Gp B bovine rotavirus. These data indicate that genetically, porcine and human Gp C rotaviruses are closely related, whereas they are quite distinct from Gp A or B suggesting that porcine and human Gp C rotaviruses may have evolved from a common ancestral source.
Animals↗
Sequence conservation of gene 8 between human and porcine group C rotaviruses and its relationship to the VP7 gene of group A rotaviruses.
cDNA libraries from porcine group (Gp) C rotavirus strain Cowden and a human Gp C rotavirus strain were generated. The complete nucleotide sequence of gene 8 from the Cowden strain was determined from gene 8-specific clones and viral transcript RNA. A full-length gene 8 clone was generated from the human Gp C virus by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using primers deduced from the 3' and 5' ends of the Cowden strain gene 8, and the sequence of the human Gp C gene 8 was determined from this clone and gene 8 clones in the cDNA library. The gene 8 from the Cowden or the human Gp C strain is 1063 nucleotides in length and contains a long open reading frame beginning at the 49th nucleotide from the 5' end and terminating with a stop codon 16 bases from the 3' end. The encoded protein contains 332 amino acids (predicted molecular weight of 37.3 kDa) with two potential N-linked glycosylation sites in the porcine strain and three in the human strain. The polypeptide products derived from in vitro translation of the transcript RNA generated from a porcine gene 8 clone containing the entire open reading frame were analogous in size with the Gp A VP7. The gene 8 of porcine and human Gp C rotaviruses exhibited considerable nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequence identity (83.8 and 88.0%, respectively). Comparison of the Gp C gene 8 protein sequence with the VP7 protein of Gp A rotavirus revealed structural similarities, although the overall amino acid identity was low (less than 30%). These data suggest that the gene 8 of the porcine or human Gp C rotavirus encodes a protein corresponding to the VP7 outer capsid glycoprotein of Gp A rotaviruses and that the eighth gene is highly conserved in the porcine and human Gp C strains examined in this study.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Epidemiology of group C rotavirus gastroenteritis in Matsuyama, Japan.
The epidemiology of rotavirus gastroenteritis was studied in the Matsuyama district from January to May 1988. Among strains of rotaviruses detected 46 showed the group C-specific PAGE pattern of virus RNA. Group C rotavirus gastroenteritis occurred following an epidemic of group A rotavirus infection, primarily in children aged 4-7 years but rarely in those aged 0-1 years. This was seriologically confirmed after the epidemic. Unlike the previous strains detected in Matsuyama in 1985-1986, PAGE of the RNA showed arrangement of the 5th, 6th and 7th segments at similar intervals, suggesting virologic variation. The symptoms of fever, diarrhea and vomiting were milder than in group A rotavirus infection used as a control.
Child↗
Coexistence of spherulocytic disease (myospherulosis) and membranocystic degeneration.
A case of myospherulosis seen in a 22-year-old Japanese woman with lupus erythematosus is presented. Myospherules were found in subcutaneous nodules on the legs of the patient and were restricted to the areas of membranocystic change, a kind of degeneration of the adipose tissue. The myospherules were positive for blood group A antigens, suggesting a red blood cell origin. In contrast, the parent bodies of the myospherules were negative for blood group antigens. The coexistence of myospherulosis and membraneocystic changes has not been previously described, but might have been overlooked in the past.
Adult↗
Group C rotavirus infection and infiltration.
We recently found many cases of gastroenteritis involving older children and sometimes other members of their families. We suspected epidemiological infiltration of an atypical rotavirus (RV). PAGE analysis of 130 cases in 1985 and 1986 revealed that the RNA profiles were similar to that of group C RV in 12 cases. We performed IEM analysis on one of the strains and found it to be group C. The group C RV was detected for 2 months toward the end of the outbreak of group A RV infection. The ages of the group C RV infected patients were 4 years or older. We also studied the prevalence of antibody to group C in the stored sera that had been collected since 1971. Antibody was seldom found in the sera of patients under 3 years of age but it was found in 20-40% of those who were 4 years or older. The clinical manifestations of the group C RV infection were similar to those of group A, except that body temperature was slightly lower and other symptoms were generally milder.
Antibodies, Viral↗
Lymphoepithelial cystic lesion related to adenocarcinoma in the mediastinum.
The authors report here a case of lymphoepithelial cystic lesion (LECL) of unknown origin in the mediastinum, which is closely related to a signet-ring cell adenocarcinoma. A 73-year-old man presented with a mass as revealed on a chest x-ray. During surgical operation, a solid, well-circumscribed and encapsulated 9 X 9 X 8 cm tumor was isolated from the right anterior mediastinum. This tumor had neither undergone metastasis nor invaded into the surrounding tissue and lymph nodes. Light microscopy revealed the tumor to be a signet-ring cell adenocarcinoma. Clinically, the neoplasm was coupled with an elevation in serum CEA level, which promptly returned to normal values following surgical removal. Immunohistochemistry pointed out that the majority of neoplastic cells stained positive for CEA. In addition, LECL of unknown origin was distinguished at the periphery of the tumor. LECL was characterized by microcysts which were lined by columnar epithelial and surrounded by lymphoid tissue with germinal centers. Transition between the neoplastic cells and benign epithelial cells of LECL was evident, showing that the previously mentioned mediastinal adenocarcinoma may be derived from the epithelial elements of LECL. This paper discusses the histogenesis of LECL.
Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
[Possible roles of adhesive factor, stromal fibronectin, and peanut agglutinin receptor in subarachnoid dissemination of brain tumor cells].
It has been demonstrated that neoplastic cell surface constituents affect interactions between tumor cells and their host environments during metastasis. A recently discovered glycoprotein adhesive factor (AF) on the surfaces of brain tumor cells is apparently active in multicellular spheroid formation and is assumed to be involved in the adhesion of brain tumor cells. In addition, it has been documented that the peanut agglutinin (PNA) receptor is a factor in the metastatic potential of cancer cells and that fibronectin (FN) plays a role in the attachment of cancer cells to the basal lamina. The authors measured AF and PNA receptor on the surfaces of human brain tumor cells and FN in the stroma of the brain tumor tissue and found a significant relationship between the frequency of subarachnoid dissemination and the presence of these substances. Their results suggest that AF may be very important in the process of exfoliation or dissociation of brain tumor cells from the original tumor into the cerebrospinal fluid cavity and that stromal FN participates in the attachment of migrating tumor cells to new sites. PNA receptor did not appear to be involved in tumor cell dissemination into the cerebrospinal fluid cavity.
Antigens, Neoplasm↗
Follicular thyroid carcinoma with clear cell change showing unusual ultrastructural features.
We report a case of follicular thyroid carcinoma with clear cell change displaying unusual ultrastructural features. Light microscopy revealed a metastatic neoplasm in the 12th thoracic vertebra that was composed of nests consisting mainly of clear cells. The tumor was interpreted as a metastasis of a clear cell type of thyroid carcinoma, based on positive immunohistochemical staining for thyroglobulin. However, unlike the metastatic bone lesions, the primary tumor in the thyroid consisted mainly of neoplastic follicular cells with lightly eosinophilic cytoplasm. A distinct follicular formation was noted throughout the tumor. In a portion of the tumor, a solid or stratified disposition of the cells was also observed. The primary tumor contained only a few clear cells similar to those seen in the metastatic bone lesions. In addition, we noted a transition between the follicular cells and the clear cells. Thus, this neoplasm was diagnosed as a follicular thyroid carcinoma with clear cell change, but not a specific type of thyroid neoplasm. Electron-microscopic examination revealed that the cells corresponding to clear cells under light microscopy had abundant cytoplasm characterized by varying degrees of dilation of rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER), which might reflect increased synthesis, storage of secretory products, or both.
Adenocarcinoma↗
[Clinical study of gut decontamination in bone marrow transplantation].
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Adolescent↗
Light and electron microscopic study of mucoepidermoid tumor of clear cell type.
A rare type of mucoepidermoid tumor of hard palate was found in a 42-year-old man. By light microscopic examination, the nests of the tumor consisted almost entirely of clear cells and partly of epidermoid cells observed at the periphery of the nests. In addition, only a few isolated mucous cells were dispersed in sheets of the clear cells. Transition between the epidermoid cells and clear cells was apparent, characterized by a progressive clearing of the cytoplasm. It was shown by both the PAS reaction and removal by diastase digestion that the clear cytoplasm is due to the presence of significant amount of glycogen granules. By electron microscopic examination, adhesiveness of the epidermoid cells and the clear cells was characterized by numerous desmosomes. There were observed bundles of cytoplasmic tonofilaments and desmosome-tonofilament attachment complexes in these cells. There was a variable amount of amorphous lucent substance in the epidermoid and clear cells, particularly in the clear cells. It was assumed that glycogen is lost from cytoplasm during en bloc staining with uranyl acetate and the matrix of the glycogen areas appears as the amorphous feature.
Adult↗
Cell membrane polarity in rat ascites hepatoma cells. Distribution of a cell surface-associated adhesive factor on the cell surfaces.
As previously described, a cell surface-associated adhesive factor (AF) was separated from differentiated rat ascites hepatoma AH136B cells (forming cell islands in vivo) and highly purified by chromatography. AF induces not only aggregation of dissociated AH136B cells or undifferentiated rat ascites hepatoma AH109A cells (present as free cells in vivo), but also adhesiveness characterized by the development of junctional complexes. The localization of AF on the surfaces of AH136B cell islands was investigated using anti-AF IgG (Fab fragment) coupled to peroxidase. AF was detected in the contact region of the lateral surfaces of the AH136B cells and in the intercellular spaces. In contacted free cell surfaces of AH136B cells. Fluorescence studies revealed that biotin-labeled AF did not bind to the apical surface of AH136B cell islands. These results indicate a distinct difference between apical and lateral surfaces of AH136B cells; neither AF nor binding site for AF were localized on the apical surface of AH136B cells, whereas both were localized on the lateral surface. On the other hand, AH136B cells detached from the cell islands, or during the process of partial dissociation from them, showed the loss of the AF localization and binding site of AF on the surfaces. The results suggest that AH136B cell surfaces may be polarized in terms of the AF localization, and this polarization may be lost after cell dissociation.
Animals↗
Roles of calcium in aggregation of rat ascites hepatoma cells by cell surface-associated adhesive factor.
Our previous studies have shown that a cell surface-associated adhesive factor (AF), separated from rat ascites hepatoma AH136B cells of a differentiated type and highly purified by chromatography, induces not only aggregation of dissociated AH136B cells or rat ascites hepatoma AH109A cells of an undifferentiated type but also adhesiveness characterized by the development of junctional complexes; the AF-induced aggregation of the cells was Ca2+-dependent. Further analysis of the roles of Ca2+ in cell aggregation was performed using AH109A cells (present as single cells in vivo). (1) AF clearly enhanced 45Ca uptake by the cells; (2) calmodulin was isolated from the cells; (3) calmodulin inhibitor, W-7 (N-(6-amino-hexyl)-5-chloro-1-naphthalenesulphonamide), strongly inhibited aggregation of the cells; (4) W-7 also inhibited the clustering or capping of AF-binding sites on the cell surface; (5) binding of 125I-labelled AF to the cells was independent of Ca2+ concentration; (6) binding of 125I-labelled AF to AF-conjugated beads was not observed, independently of the presence of Ca2+. These findings suggest that Ca2+ and Ca2+-activated calmodulin may play a key role in the process of aggregation of the cells by controlling the microfilament components and that Ca2+ may not be involved either in the interactions between AF and its cellular receptor or in linkages of AF molecules.
3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases↗
An immunoelectron microscopic study on the distribution of a cell surface-associated adhesive glycoprotein synthesized by rat ascites hepatoma cells.
As previously described, a cell surface-associated adhesive factor (AF) was separated from differentiated rat ascites hepatoma AH136B cells (forming cell islands in vivo) and highly purified by chromatography. AF synthesis by the cells was investigated by means of ultrastructural immunoperoxidase cytochemistry. Its synthesis and localization in vivo were observed in the perinuclear spaces, the rough endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi apparatus, the smooth-membranous vesicles, and the contact region of basolateral cell surfaces of the cells in the islands, and also in the intercellular spaces. No AF synthesis was detectable in the nucleus, the free ribosomes, the mitochondria or the apical non-contacting cell surfaces. Similar features of AF synthesis and localization were also induced by dissociated AH136B cells in vitro. Upon adhesion of such recovered cells, AF was also localized at the contact surface of the adjacent cells, but not at the non-contacting free surface.
Animals↗
[Adhesive factor on the brain tumor cell surface. Its relation to the subarachnoid dissemination and metastasis of the tumor].
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Animals↗
Surveillance for typhoid fever in Matsuyama city during 1974-1981 and detection of Salmonella typhi in sewage and river waters.
Eighty-two cases of typhoid fever were found in Matsuyama city in the period from 1974 to 1981. Seventy-six cases were found to be infected with Salmonella typhi other three with Salmonella paratyphi A, and the remaining three were diagnosed only clinically. The strains of S. typhi isolated from these patients showed such a variety of Vi-phage types as D1, D2, E1, M1, 53 and degraded Vi-positive strain (DVS). The concurrent survey of the city sewage and river waters for typhoid bacilli was conducted with total 578 samples taken therefrom. S. typhi was isolated from 120 of those samples. The Vi-phage types of the isolates were closely related with those of the isolates from the patients. The periodical examinations of the city sewage and the draining river may serve as a useful means for the controlling typhoid fever epidemics.
Disease Outbreaks↗
Morphological and biochemical aspects of adhesiveness and dissociation of cancer cells.
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Animals↗
Molecular pathology of cancer cell adhesiveness.
A new cell surface-associated adhesive glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 70,000 was separated from differentiated rat ascites hepatoma cells forming cell islands in vivo (but not from undifferentiated rat ascites hepatoma cells present as single cells in vivo) and highly purified by chromatography; it was synthesized by the cells and localized on the cell surface. Its synthesis began to rise rapidly and reached its peak in 24 hr cultivation, i.e., a 10-fold increase. This substance induced not only aggregation but also adhesiveness of the cells characterized by junctional complexes including tight junctions, desmosomes, and intermediate junctions, closely resembling the frequency and distribution of junctional complexes observed on the above cell islands. Its potency was inhibited specifically by D-mannose and alpha-methyl-D-mannoside; the numbers of the binding sites per cell were calculated as 6 x 10(5). Its activity was concerned with the protein portion of the molecule, and not with the carbohydrate portion. Thus, it seemed reasonable that the adhesive glycoprotein may play a key role in the cell adhesiveness and island formation. In contrast, serum-associated adhesive glycoprotein, separated from normal rat serum, could aggregate the cells but not develop junctional complex.
Animals↗