Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to Y Isayama.
This report deals with four cases of internal carotid aneurysms including three cases of supraclinoid internal carotid aneurysms and one case of infraclinoid internal carotid aneurysms. Clinical ocular findings resembling parasellar tumors or retrobulbar optic neuritis are noted. Therefore, the importance of careful study concerning optic nerve diseases is emphasized, employing a CT scan and carotid angiography, if necessary.
The selective isolation of R. equi in NANC medium was made by quantitative culture of the organism in the feces. R. equi was observed in the feces of all the mares and foals investigated. The mean viable count of R. equi organisms in 1 gram of feces was 8.42 X 10(2) in the mares and 7.57 X 10(2) in the foals, and its 95% confidence limits were in a range of 6.48 X 10(2) to 1.09 X 10(3) and 4.19 X 10(2) to 1.37 X 10(3), respectively. This result indicates that R. equi is a member of the normal intestinal flora in the horse.
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The cellular fatty acid composition of eight Haemophilus equigenitalis strains was determined by gas-liquid chromatography. All strains showed a grossly similar pattern characterized by large amounts of 18:1 and 16:0. The amounts of 16:1, 18:2, 18:0, 3-OH 14:0, 3-OH 16:0, and 3-OH 18:1 were relatively small.
7 cases of leukemic ophthalmopathy were clinicopathologically studies. The present findings were as follows: (1) ocular manifestations were exactly parallel with the involvement of the central nervous system, (2) visual disturbance seemed to be caused mainly by neoplastic infiltration into the parenchyma of the optic nerve, compression of nerve fibers due to neoplastic invasion in the septal tissues, and vascular disturbance, and (3) the mechanism of papilledema or disc swelling might be chiefly attributed to neoplastic infiltration into the optic nerve and/or the central nervous system.
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The supraliminal contrast sensitivity functions in patients with recovered optic neuritis were classified into three function types: 1) type with a decrease in sensitivity in the high and an increase in the low spatial frequency region, 2) type with flat shape as found in normal subjects, and 3) type with a decrease in the low and an increase in the high frequency region. These abnormal functions may be explained by an inhibitory interaction between two parallel channels of high and low frequency, which may have a dependence on the most central and the paracentral region in the visual fields, respectively. The measurements of the supraliminal contrast sensitivity functions are clinically useful for understanding the visual processes in cases with recovered optic neuritis.
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Seven cases of involvement of the optic nerve in malignant lymphoma are reported. These may be classified into two types according to the type of optic nerve lesion, i.e., orbital and intracranial lymphomatous optic neuropathy. Characteristic ocular symptoms in cases of orbital lymphomatous optic neuropathy are as follows: 1) rapidly progressive exophthalmos, 2) symptoms similar to orbital phlegmone, 3) rapidly progressing and marked impairment of vision with central scotoma, and 4) recovery of visual function after treatment. Ocular symptoms in cases of intracranial lymphomatous optic neuropathy are as follows: 1) as an initial symptom, cranial nerve palsy, 2) subsequently, rapidly progressing impairment of vision and 3) after unilateral impairment of vision, bilateral impairment within a few weeks. -- Furthermore, the causes of impaired vision are discussed with reference to histopathological findings in the two autopsy cases.
Forty-nine strains of Escherichia coli isolated from piglets with or without neonatal diarrhea were all negative for both classical heat-labile and heat-stable enterotoxins when examined by the 18-hour rabbit ileal loop test with culture supernatants, the mouse Y1 adrenal cell test, and the infant mouse test. Of them, seven strains from diarrhea were positive only when tested in porcine ileal loops challenged with living bacterial cell suspensions or culture supernatants. The enterotoxic component produced by them was resistant to heating at 80 degrees C for 20 minutes. It presented a rapid onset of action with a long duration, although the amount of accumulated fluid in the porcine ileal loops was small. These porcine strains of E. coli which has been positive only for the porcine ileal loop test were designated "ST pig loop" or "STpl" strains.
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A heat-labile Vero cytotoxin (VT) was detected by the Vero cell assay in the culture supernatants of ten Escherichia coli strains isolated from a variety of clinical sources. The VT titer varied with strains, ranging from 1:8 to 1:2,048. No VT was found to be cytotoxic for Y1 mouse adrenal cells or to induce fluid accumulation in the rabbit or porcine ileal loops. No strains produced a heat-labile enterotoxin as defined by either tissue culture or the standard ileal loop reaction. Three strains originated from piglets with diarrhea were confirmed by the infant mouse reaction to produce a heat-stable enterotoxin. Neutralization studies revealed antigenically the presence of two different forms of VT produced by E. coli strains of animal origin.
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