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Biomedical subjects

Y Inoue

Publications and source records attributed to Y Inoue.

At least 1,387 records · Page 77Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Acoustic neuromas presenting as sudden hearing loss.

Progressive hearing loss is well known as a usually existing complaint in patients with acoustic neuromas. However, sudden hearing loss is also a relatively frequent condition in acoustic neuroma patients. In our review of 132 patients with surgically proven unilateral acoustic neuromas, 29 (22.0%) presented a history of sudden hearing loss. We investigated the clinical and audiological characteristics of these patients, and discuss the etiology of sudden hearing loss in patients with acoustic neuromas. The characteristics of patients with AN presenting sudden hearing loss were as follows: 1) a small tumor, 2) short duration after onset, 3) low incidences of vertigo, dizziness, facial and trigeminal nerve symptoms, 4) the trough type in the audiogram configuration, 5) normal caloric response. Based on the analysis of these results, we conclude that a conduction block of the cochlear nerve is likely to be the etiology of sudden hearing loss.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Effect of water immersion on post-rotatory and caloric nystagmus.

Caloric nystagmus and post-rotatory nystagmus were recorded with and without head-out water immersion. As water immersion reduces body weight by about 90% owing to buoyancy, it decreases somatosensory inputs. Thus water immersion can be used to simulate a weightless environment. Caloric nystagmus was enhanced significantly by water immersion; however, post-rotatory nystagmus was not. These findings demonstrate that caloric nystagmus is easily affected by water immersion which decreases somatosensory inputs, but that post-rotatory nystagmus is not.

Caloric Tests↗
PubMed1991

Protective effect of anti-glycoprotein D antibody on herpetic chorioretinitis in newborn rabbits.

Subcutaneous injection of type 2 herpes simplex virus (HSV-2) (10(3) PFU) to newborn rabbits produced severe skin lesions and wide dissemination of the virus to various organs including the eye. Ocular lesions were characterized by retinal folds and choroiditis. HSV could be isolated from mononuclear cells (MNCs) of infected animal blood. Newborn rabbits treated with monoclonal antibody (MAb) against glycoprotein D (gD) of HSV on days 0, 2 and 4 postinfection had little or no skin lesions (0.0-2.3 mm) compared to controls (2.8-13.0 mm). In addition, the MAb treatment significantly suppressed dissemination of the virus to the eye (0% in MAb-treated vs 83% in control) and other organs and reduced the rate of chorioretinitis (0% in MAb-treated vs 50% in control). The treatment of HSV-infected MNCs with MAb resulted in 91-100% reduction in infectivity of the cells. The results suggest that anti-gD MAb protects newborn rabbits from HSV-2 eye infection by neutralizing the virus in skin and inactivating HSV-infected MNCs in blood.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Histological and functional changes in the thyroid glands of mice implanted with hybridomas secreting monoclonal autoantibody against mouse thyroglobulin.

Mouse hybridoma cells secreting monoclonal antibody (mAb) against mouse thyroglobulin were established. The implantation of the hybridomas succeeded to induce high titers of circulating mAb against thyroglobulin in sera of mice. By using the implantation of the hybridomas in mice, the effect of autoantibody on the thyroid glands was studied histologically and functionally. In these mice the thyroid follicles were significantly swollen and warped, whereas there was no infiltration of inflammatory cells. The 125I-uptake in their thyroid glands was markedly decreased. There were no functional changes in control mice implanted with non-secreting P3U1 partner cells. Therefore, it was suggested that high titers of anti-thyroglobulin autoantibody could definitely cause the histological and functional damages in the thyroid glands.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Free jejunal autograft for pharyngoesophageal reconstruction].

The complications and swallowing functions were studied in eleven patients who had undergone free jejunal autograft reconstruction after total pharyngolaryngectomy and cervical esophagotomy. All patients have had advanced cancers of the hypopharynx or cervical esophagus. Fistula was complicated in three patients (27%), including one (9%) who died of pneumonia. Death or graft necrosis was not complicated in perioperative period. There was no patient with stenosis. Radiation necrosis of the graft and skin occurred six months after post-operative 60 Gy irradiation in one patient. Ten patients of 11 regained swallowing function. An oral diet was started between 9 and 50 post-operative days, with an average of 19 days. The duration of a diet was from 20 to 60 minutes (mean: 37 to 40 minutes). Five patients could take a normal diet, while the another five ate gluel or liquid food. The free jejunal graft reconstruction of pharyngoesophagus was highly safe reliability and an advantage in an early recovery of swallowing function, but it had some problems with regard to post-operative irradiation and swallowing.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Surgery of the anterior skull base for head and neck tumors].

A total of seven patients with head and neck tumors underwent a surgery of the anterior skull base in combination with an extracranial approach. Two patients had squamous cell carcinoma of the frontal sinus; one, undifferentiated carcinoma of the ethmoid sinus; two, squamous cell carcinoma of the ethmoid sinus; one, olfactory neuroblastoma; and one, recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the nasopharynx. Two patients, one with frontal sinus carcinoma and one with undifferentiated carcinoma, developed recurrence. The former was treated with a salvage operation and the latter, with radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Six patients are alive disease free (4, 5, 6, 8, 27 and 73 months) whereas the other is alive with disease (8 months). One patient developed partial necrosis of the reconstructed bony skull base and another developed enophthalmus and temporary diplopia postoperatively. No serious complications, however, were noted in any cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Pharmacological properties of the new non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent etodolac.

The anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic and ulcerogenic activities of etodolac (CAS 41340-25-4), a new nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent, were compared with those of indometacin and other anti-inflammatory drugs in experimental animals. Etodolac had a remarkable anti-inflammatory effect in various experimental models: ultraviolet erythema, carrageenin-induced edema and swelling of adjuvant arthritis. In these models, the effective dose of etodolac was several fold that of indometacin. Etodolac inhibited prostaglandin E2 formation in a concentration-dependent manner, and its inhibitory potency was about 1/5 of that of indometacin. Etodolac also caused marked inhibition of granuloma formation and leucocyte functions such as chemotaxis, lysosomal enzyme release and active oxygen generation. These effects of etodolac were observed at similar doses of indometacin. Etodolac suppressed inflammatory pain but not non-inflammatory pain, and had an antipyretic effect but did not lower normal rectal temperature. Etodolac had no effect on delayed hypersensitivity reactions and was much less ulcerogenic than indometacin. These results indicate that etodolac is a low ulcerogenic anti-inflammatory agent with suppressing activities on leucocyte functions to the same extent as indometacin and prostaglandin biosynthesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[A decision analysis model for appropriate laboratory use--should test of urine gram stain be done for selecting antibiotics at the initial visit on women with acute dysuria].

We used a decision analysis model to estimate the clinical and economic implications of testing the gram-stained smears to select the effective antibiotics at the initial visit on women with lower urinary tract infections. A strategy of the initial therapy of antibiotics without routine testing was compared with the initial testing of urine gram stain and selecting antibiotics according to the results. Varying assumptions were used for prevalence of etiologic agents, operating characteristics of gram stain test, treatment efficacy and required days for microbiological tests. We concluded that from the view point of expected direct costs and expected care days, a 90% pretest probability of pathogens to be gram negative rods was the critical point to decide to do or not to do urine gram stain for selection of antibiotics. Sensitivity analysis showed that the gram stain testing strategy was cost effective when the frequency of gram positive coccus infection would be increased or the treatment efficacy after antibiotics therapy would be decreased.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1991

[CT and 123I-IMP SPECT findings of head injuries with hyponatremia].

CT and SPECT findings were examined and the relationship between development of hyponatremia and lesions was studied in cases who developed hyponatremia following head injury. Six cases of hyponatremia after head injury in the last two years were used as the subjects. SPECT was performed by the 123I-IMP intravenous injection method using Tomomatic 64. Slice 2 of 4 to 6 cm on the OM line in the early image was used as the subject site. The data of development of hyponatremia was 5.8 patients days, duration 9.2 days, minimum serum Na level 117.2 mEq/l and minimum plasma osmotic pressure 247.6 mOsm/lH2O. CT findings in the hyponatremic stage showed frontal subdural effusion in all the cases. SPECT findings revealed a decrease of CBF in the frontal region on both sides and in the central region. CBF in the central region also tended to improve at a time when hyponatremia improved. In hyponatremia after head injury, lesions are often found in the frontal region on CT, and CBF in the central region is also decreased bilaterally on SPECT, which is presumed to be concerned with the development of hyponatremia.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Laboratory interpretive reporting system. A prototypical approach for knowledge representation in acid-base and electrolyte disorders].

It is important to realize the problem-oriented diagnosis and the goal-oriented one to support general physicians as clinical decision makers under so many laboratory tests more than full with using practically. A prototypical model for computer-assisted interpretation of laboratory data was presented. To achieve both function of the problem-oriented inference and the goal-oriented one, knowledge base in this system was structured using the methods of semantic network and qualitative reasoning. Superficial knowledge level characterized by the intuitive reasoning from test results to diseases and deep knowledge level referring to the relations among the pathophysiologic states were stratified, and the heuristics based on the experiences at bed-side were incorporated in this knowledge representation. The pathophysiologic states were distilled from the textbooks and the articles, and were linked together by the relationships of cause and result, such as functional, constraint or conceptual relationship. Diagnostic knowledge on the computer was reconstructed by the causal network representing the pathological process as qualitative chaining between the pathophysiologic states, and was corrected and compiled by the clinical experiences and the experimental facts. Abnormal test data became a trigger of the start of inference, and presumptive pathophysiologic states and diagnoses were fired on the causal network. Consequently, the most important pathophysiologic states might become to be clear to understand the cause of changes of laboratory data.

Acid-Base Imbalance↗
PubMed1991

[Bone scan "flare" in patients irradiated to formerly false negative bone metastasis].

We discuss three cases irradiated to their bone metastases. 99mTc-MDP bone scan before irradiation showed normal uptake in the lesions. In all the cases, the irradiation therapy was effective, but focal increased uptake area corresponding to the site of bone metastasis was revealed by the follow-up bone scan one to three months after irradiation. We concluded that the change of tracer uptake was so-called flare in formerly false negative lesion. The cause of this phenomenon was considered either elevation of osteoblastic activity with control of tumor or progression of osteolysis until tumor got well-controlled.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Positive effect of GAC gene product on the mRNA level of glyoxalase I gene in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

A DNA fragment carrying a part of the structural gene for yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) glyoxalase I was cloned from a lambda gt11 expression library using anti-glyoxalase IIgG as a probe. By Northern blotting analysis, the amount of glyoxalase I mRNA was found to increase in yeast cells containing plasmids carrying the GAC gene, which is a positive regulator for yeast glyoxalase I activity. This suggests that the GAC gene product may accelerate the transcription of glyoxalase I gene or may have some positive effects on the accumulation of glyoxalase I mRNA in yeast cells.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1991

Role of rectus muscle enlargement in clinical profile of dysthyroid ophthalmopathy.

Using logistic regression analysis, a correlation between enlargement patterns of the 4 rectus muscles and the occurrence of a variety of dysthyroid ophthalmopathy-associated ocular symptoms were analyzed in 698 eyes of 349 patients with this disorder. The condition of each rectus muscle was evaluated by computed tomography, and the various ocular symptoms were classified according to the Inoue classification system. The enlargement pattern, particularly when involving the inferior and medial recti, was found to have a strong statistical correlation with the occurrence of individual ocular symptoms. Additionally, the probabilities of the occurrence of most of the ocular symptoms were generally greater in those eyes with 2-, 3- or 4-muscle enlargement patterns than in those eyes with one or no enlarged rectus muscle.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Intra-arterial and intraportal infusion liver scintigraphy using 99mTc-labeled colloid].

Intra-arterial infusion liver scintigraphy was performed in 11 patients with primary or metastatic liver tumor, and intraportal infusion liver scintigraphy was performed in 6 patients for prophylaxis of liver metastasis from colorectal cancer. 99mTc-Sn colloid or 99mTc-phytate was administered through the catheter of which tip was placed in the portal vein or the hepatic artery, and then liver image was obtained. When 99mTc-phytate was infused intra-arterially, significant amount of the infused tracer passed through the liver and we could not get sufficient information to assess the distribution of drug administered through the catheter. On the other hand, intraportal infusion liver scintigraphy using 99mTc-Sn colloid or 99mTc-phytate and intra-arterial infusion liver scintigraphy using 99mTc-Sn colloid revealed heterogeneity of liver uptake, tracer uptake in spleen, low uptake area corresponding to the liver tumor and high uptake area around it. The findings will be clinically useful, and these methods are thought to be helpful to confirm the satisfactory drug distribution.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Serum ANP and ADH after subarachnoid hemorrhage and hyponatremia].

We determined serum atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and anti-diuretic hormone (ADH) on a time course basis in cases of subarachnoid hemorrhage and studied their influence on the development of hyponatremia. Twenty six cases of subarachnoid hemorrhage were admitted to our hospital in the past 1 year, and by the site of ruptured aneurysms, there were Acom 6 cases, ICA 6 cases, MCA 5 cases and VA BA 4 cases. Serum ANP and ADH levels were determined in the acute phase on Day 1-4, in the hyponatremia phase on Day 5-14 and in the chronic phase on Day 15 downward. Levels of not more than 130 mEq/l were regarded as hyponatremia. Cases showing other evident causes such as heart failure and renal insufficiency were excluded. In the normal control group (n = 20) which was admitted to this hospital for a close check-up, serum ANP was 26.5 +/- 11.6 pg/ml (10-50); levels of more than 50 pg/ml were regarded as being abnormally high. 1) Hyponatremia was observed in 7 cases (26-9%); the day of onset was 11.9 hospital day. The duration was 5.0 days and the minimum serum Na level was 126.4 mEq/l. 2) The serum ADH level was high regardless of whether or not there was the development of hyponatremia in the acute phase but tended to decrease gradually and became normal in the hyponatremia phase. 3) The serum ANP level in the cases of hyponatremia was 40.7 +/- 9.1 pg/ml in the acute phase, 69.0 +/- 25.7 pg/ml in the hyponatremia phase and 40.2 +/- 21.5 pg/ml in the chronic phase.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Atrial Natriuretic Factor↗
PubMed1991

Further improvement in protecting method for the oligonucleotide synthesis in terms of a cellulose acetate derivative as a polymer support.

For further improvement in the investigation to utilize a cellulose acetate derivative as a novel type of polymer-support for the synthesis of oligonucleotides, the investigations on utilizing another spacer; on protecting groups for O6-position of guanosine unit, ribothymidine, and pseudouridine; and on a novel protecting group for the introduction of phosphate function at 5'-terminal position, targeting the syntheses of 13-mer, ApApGpGpApApApApUpUpApUpG, 11-mer, pCpUpCpGpUpCpCpApCpCpA, and 12-mer, UpCpCpGpGprTp- psipCpGpApUpU, found in the partial structures of a yeast tRNA(Ala), will be described in detail.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1991

[Clinical study of combination chemotherapy with cisplatin, ifosfamide, 5-FU (CIF therapy) of inoperable adenocarcinoma and large cell carcinoma of the lung].

Forty seven patients with inoperable adenocarcinoma and large cell carcinoma of the lung were treated with a combination of cisplatin (25 mg/m2), ifosfamide (1.5 g/m2), 5-FU (1.0 g/m2 c.i.) on day 1 through 4. The overall response rate (PR) was 34.8% with 16 partial responses. The median duration of response was 81 days. The median duration to show 50% decrease was 27 days. The median survival time was 359 days for all evaluable patients and 555 days for responders versus 196 days for non-responders. The side effects were mild and tolerable. The response rate of CIF therapy was same as the one reported in recent years but the survival time for responders was long and side effects were mild, suggesting that CIF therapy is an effective chemotherapy.

Adenocarcinoma↗