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Biomedical subjects

Y Inoue

Publications and source records attributed to Y Inoue.

At least 1,117 records · Page 62Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Doses of epirubicin used in oily chemoembolization of hepatocellular carcinoma].

Epirubicin (EPIR), an anticancer agent, has recently been used with increasing frequency in transcatheter oily chemoembolization (TOCE) of hepatocellular carcinoma. We conducted a dose-finding study of EPIR with regard to its safety. One hundred thirty-four patients were divided into five groups according to the EPIR doses (mg/m2), Group A (< 30 mg/m2), Group B (> or = 30 - < 40 mg/m2), Group C (> or = 40 - < 50 mg/m2), Group D (> or = 50 - < 60 mg/m2), and Group E (> or = 60 mg/m2). The number of leukocytes decreased at 2 weeks but recovered at 4 weeks with no significant differences among the groups. However, there were significantly fewer leukocytes in Group E than in Groups A to D. There were no significant differences among the groups in either the number of erythrocytes or platelets. The number of platelets tended to remain at increased levels even at 4 weeks. Liver function as represented by GOT, GPT, LDH, and total bilirubin was not aggravated, but tended to improve. GOT and LDH in Groups D and E, in particular, improved significantly at 4 weeks, probably because of the antitumor effect of TOCE. These results suggest that EPIR can be administered up to 50 mg/m2 for TOCE.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1994

[A successful delivery three years after the onset of multiple fungal liver abscess in a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia].

A 25-year-old woman was diagnosed as having the multiple fungal liver abscess which developed just after the re-induction chemotherapy, 13 months after the onset of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Although chemotherapy for leukemia was suspended, her leukemia did not relapse. The multiple fungal liver abscess was successfully treated with anti-fungal drugs for the following 12 months. Three years after the onset of the fungal abscess, she married, became pregnant and vaginally delivered a healthy female infant at full term. In this way, it was demonstrated that a normal pregnancy and delivery could be expected even in patients who had received intensive chemotherapy and had recovered from the fungal abscess.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Ocular murine cytomegalovirus infection in immunocompromised hosts].

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) chorioretinitis is one of the commonest complications in immunocompromised hosts. However, the entire scope of ocular involvement during generalized CMV infection in immunocompromised hosts is yet to be elucidated. Balb/c nude mice were inoculated intraperitoneally with Smith strain of salivary gland passaged murine cytomegalovirus. Eight days after infection, they were sacrificed and the pathological features of virus spread were studied by immunofluorescence method. Subconjunctival tissues, corneal stroma, outer ocular muscles and occasional choroidal tissue are the site of positive fluorescence in the eye. At the same time, viral antigens were detected in the various organs such as spleen, liver, salivary glands, etc. Balb/c nude mice were injected intraperitoneally with silica three days and one day prior to virus infection to suppress their macrophages. The localization of viral antigens in the silica-treated mice was similar to that in untreated mice. When the peripheral blood obtained from the nude mice infected for 8 days was titrated for the virus, cell-free virus and blood-cell-associated virus was detected. These results indicated that cell-free virus is the major source of its spread.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

A retrospective study of 66 esophageal reconstructions using microvascular anastomoses: problems and our methods for atypical cases.

We have studied 66 patients who underwent esophageal reconstruction using microvascular anastomoses. This series comprises 28 patients with reconstruction using a free jejunal interposition between the pharynx and the cervical esophagus following pharyngolaryngoesophagectomy for hypopharyngeal carcinoma and 38 atypical patients in whom other methods of reconstruction were used. Successful transfer was achieved in 98.5 percent (65 of 66). Issues concerning atypical reconstruction and our procedures in these cases are discussed. In order to obtain adequate tension in the jejunum on the anal side, in particular, since the anastomosis is located in a deep or narrow space, autosuture instruments were used. The anastomotic leakage rate was 2.8 percent (1 of 36); the stenosis rate was 2.8 percent (1 of 36). To prevent necrosis in the trachea, a greater omentum flap was used in three patients, a mesenterium flap in two, and a pectoralis major musculocutaneous flap in one. There were no significant complications. In patients with a short gastric pedicle or in those in whom a double cancer occurred in the hypopharynx and thoracic esophagus, a gastric pedicle and a free jejunum flap were used together. As a result of this method, the incidence of any reflux of digestive juice was reduced to 0 percent (0 of 6). To reduce the possibility of an ischemic complication at the oral end of the colonic pedicle, we added a microvascular anastomosis of the colonic pedicle, thereby reducing both leakage [0 percent (0 of 9)] and necrosis [0 percent (0 of 9)]. These procedures involving microvascular anastomoses have reduced the incidence of complications in esophageal reconstructions.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMed1994

Antibody to tumor necrosis factor attenuates endotoxin-stimulated amino acid transport in rat liver.

BACKGROUND: Endotoxemia stimulates amino acid consumption by the liver, but the regulation of this response is poorly understood. We studied the effect of Escherichia coli endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide) on hepatic carrier-mediated plasma membrane amino acid transport and the role of the cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) in regulating this transport activity. METHODS: We investigated the activities of the Na(+)-dependent amino acid transport systems A, ASC, and N in hepatic plasma membrane vesicles prepared from rats treated with endotoxin in vivo. Vesicle purity and functionality were evaluated by assaying marker enzymes and by the presence of classic overshoots. RESULTS: Endotoxin treatment did not alter sodium transport but resulted in time- and dose-dependent 6-fold (system A), 3.5-fold (system N), and 3-fold (system ASC) increases in transport activity secondary to an increase in carrier maximum velocity. Lipopolysaccharide treatment did not alter transporter affinity or plasma membrane sodium transport. Transport activity increased within 2 hours of endotoxin administration, peaked at 4 hours after exposure to lipopolysaccharide, and returned to basal levels within 24 hours. Pretreatment of animals with an anti-TNF monoclonal antibody diminished the endotoxin-induced enhancement in transport activity by 50% to 75% by decreasing carrier maximum velocity. In contrast, when the antibody was given after endotoxin challenge, transport activity was not attenuated. CONCLUSIONS: The marked acceleration in hepatic amino acid uptake that occurs during endotoxemia is secondary to an increased Na(+)-dependent hepatocyte plasma membrane transport activity and is mediated, in large part, by the cytokine TNF.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1994

[Hypervascular liver metastases of gastric cancer completely responding to transcatheter oily chemoembolization using epirubicin hydrochloride, mitomycin C and lipiodol].

A 68-year old woman underwent transarterial oily chemoembolization using Lipiodol with epirubicin hydrochloride and mitomycin C for treatment of multiple hypervascular hepatic metastases of gastric cancer. The tumors showed a good fixation of Lipiodol with a complete biologic response. The tumor has been well controlled for eight months by only one chemoembolization on follow-up study. Transcatheter oily chemoembolization may be an effective treatment not only for hepatocellular carcinoma, but also for hypervascular liver metastases from gastrointestinal malignancies.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1994

[Therapeutic effect of mineralocorticoid in patients with hyponatremia of central origin].

Patients with hyponatremia of central origin were treated with a mineralocorticoid, and the pathogenetic mechanism of the hyponatremia was assessed based on the therapeutic effect obtained. The subjects were 14 patients (6 with subarachnoid hemorrhage, 3 with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage, 2 with cerebral infarct and 3 with head injury) who developed hyponatremia, as a complication during their hospital stay for their intracranial lesions from April to December 1992. Patients with serum Na levels below 135 mEq/l for more than 2 days with no other discernible etiology were defined as having hyponatremia of central origin. The mineralocorticoid used was fludrocortisone acetate, and as a rule administration was started the day after the onset of hyponatremia. When improvements occurred within 3 days, in 3 to 7 days, or 8 days or more efficacy was rated "excellent", "good" or "poor", respectively. The mean interval until the onset of hyponatremia was 10.4 days, its mean duration was 5.7 days, and the mean minimum serum sodium level was 129.5 mEq/l. The dose of fludrocortisone administration was 0.1 mg/day except for one patient who was treated with 0.3 mg/day. The mean period of administration was 3.7 days (range: 3 to 6 days), and the route was via a stomach tube in 5 cases and oral in 9 cases. The therapeutic effect was excellent in 9 cases, good in 3 cases and poor in 2 cases, the efficacy rate being 86%. None of the patients manifested side effects. Plasma atrial natriuretic peptide levels were above 100 pg/ml in 2 patients and 50-100 pg/ml in 8 patients and neither of the former 2 patients exhibited "excellent" efficacy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1994

[Clinical effect of the combined therapy of arbekacin and imipenem/cilastatin against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus].

We evaluated the efficacy of combined therapy of arbekacin (ABK) and imipenem/cilastatin (IPM/CS) against infections by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The MICs of ampicillin, cefmetazole, cefotiam, cefuzonam, flomoxef, fosfomycin, ofloxacin, minocycline, ABK and IPM/CS against clinically isolated strains of MRSA were examined. Almost all strains of MRSA were resistant to these antibiotics except ABK. Furthermore, combination of ABK and IPM/CS showed smaller MICs than that of ABK or IPM/CS alone. All fractional inhibitory concentration indices (FIC indices) of ABK plus IPM/CS were lower than 0.75. The efficacy rate of combined therapy of ABK and IPM/CS in 22 patients with MRSA infections (15 patients with pneumonia, 3 patients with chronic bronchitis, 2 patients with sepsis, a patient with subcutaneous abscess and a patient with DPB) was 68%. And no patients had adverse reactions. Six (27%) of 22 strains of MRSA were eradicated. Significant correlations were found between bacteriological effect and severity of disease, and between serum albumin level and clinical effect.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Effect of actarit on type II collagen-induced arthritis in mice.

The effect of actarit (MS-932, CAS 18699-02-0), an antirheumatic drug, on type II collagen (CII)-induced arthritis in DBA/1J mice was studied. Mice were immunized twice with bovine CII, actarit being given orally once a day for 35 days after the 1st immunization. Clinical assessment showed that actarit had no effect on the incidence or day of onset of arthritis but that it lowered the arthritis score dose-dependently. Radiography showed that actarit reduced new bone formation in the limbs, and a histopathologic examination showed that it reduced synovitis, erosion of cartilage and bone destruction. Actarit suppressed the delayed-type mouse ear skin reaction to CII but had no effect on the level of serum anti-CII antibodies. These results suggest that actarit inhibits the development of CII-induced arthritis in mice by suppressing delayed-type hypersensitivity to CII.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[Severe bronchospasm induced by extracorporeal circulation for cardiac surgery].

Cardiac surgery was performed on a 50-yr-old man suffering from mitral valve stenosis. He has no history of allergic disease or bronchial asthma. Mitral valve was replaced uneventfully under extracorporeal circulation, and ventilation with pure oxygen was tried. But the lung was so stiff that the bag of anesthetic circuit could not be squeezed by hand. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy revealed no obstruction in endotracheal tube or bronchial tree. A presumptive diagnosis of severe bronchospasm was made, and partial extracorporeal circulation was maintained. Soon after aggressive bronchodilator therapy, there was noticeable improvement in pulmonary compliance, and the patient was removed from bypass uneventfully. No further recurrence of bronchospasm was seen in the intra- or postoperative period. Although the exact causes for bronchospasm in our case are not clear, we concluded that severe bronchospasm was induced by extracorporeal circulation. Possible etiologies and the management of patients with this problem are reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[A case report of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome associated with primary aldosteronism].

A 60-year-old obese woman was admitted for evaluation of excessive daytime sleepiness, loud snoring, cyanosis, systemic edema, hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Laboratory examination showed severe hypoxemia, hypercapnea, metabolic alkalosis, hypokalemia and hyperaldosteronism. CT scan showed a left adrenal tumor. A diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome associated with primary aldosteronism was established. Metabolic alkalosis, hypokalemia and sodium retention due to hyperaldosteronism were thought to be factors exacerbating her sleep apnea.

Female↗
PubMed1994

[Tissue of origin of herpes simplex virus type 1 reactivated in tear film].

In the present study, we tried to detect the tissue of origin of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) reactivated in tear film after artificial reactivation. The combined treatment consisted of iontophoresis on postinoculation day 35, followed by topical epinephrine on 2 days, after which the rabbits were killed. The ocular tissues and trigeminal ganglia were immediately dissected. Their cell-free supernatants were inoculated on CV-1 (African green monkey kidney cell) monolayers for infectious HSV-1 detection. The percentage of recovery from the cell-free supernatants was 50% (5 out of 10 samples) from the cornea, 0% from conjunctiva or lacrimal glands, and 20% (2 out of 10 samples) from trigeminal ganglia. The percentage of HSV-1 reactivation in the tear film was 50%. No infectious virus was detected from tissues or tear film in the control group. Four eyes showed HSV-1 reactivation simultaneously from the cornea and tear film, but only one eye from the trigeminal ganglion and tear film. These results demonstrate that the cornea might be the tissue of origin of HSV-1 reactivated in tear film.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Clinical effects of intramuscular administration of a small dose of polymyxin B to patients with endotoxemia.

The effects of intramuscular injections of minute amounts of polymyxin B were studied in 42 patients with endotoxemia. Plasma endotoxin was measured by means of an endotoxin-specific Endospecy test (Seikagaku Corp., Tokyo, Japan) after pretreatment of the plasma with a new perchloric acid method that we developed. The normal value of plasma endotoxin is less than 9.8 pg/mL. Polymyxin B was administered at a dose of 12,500 U every 6 hours. Plasma endotoxin rapidly decreased to the normal range in 40 of the 42 patients. Body temperature fell significantly. APACHE II scores were also significantly improved. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 (IL-6) decreased in survivors, while tending to persist in high values in patients who died. No side effects were observed in any of the patients. In conclusion, intramuscular injections of small doses of polymyxin B were useful in the treatment of endotoxemia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Selective expression of the glutamate receptor channel delta 2 subunit in cerebellar Purkinje cells.

The primary structure of a putative subunit of the mouse glutamate receptor channel, designated as the delta 2 subunit, has been deduced by cloning and sequencing the cDNA. The delta 2 subunit has four putative transmembrane segments characteristic for neurotransmitter-gated ion channels, and shares 56% amino acid sequence identity with the delta 1 subunit of the mouse glutamate receptor channel and 14-24% identity with the subunits of the AMPA-, kainate- or NMDA-selective glutamate receptor channel. RNA blot and in situ hybridization analyses show that the delta 2 subunit mRNA is localized in cerebellar Purkinje cells. Furthermore, immunoblot and immunohistochemical analyses suggest that the delta 2 subunit protein is actually expressed in vivo in Purkinje neurons. The selective localization of the delta 2 subunit in Purkinje cells may imply a role of the delta 2 subunit in Purkinje cell-specific function such as the cerebellar LTD.

Amino Acid Sequence↗