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Biomedical subjects

Y Inoue

Publications and source records attributed to Y Inoue.

At least 1,081 records · Page 60Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Abnormal sympathetic innervation of the heart in a patient with myotonic dystrophy detected with I-123 MIBG cardiac SPECT.

Iodine-123 MIBG is a norepinephrine analog which can be used to image the sympathetic innervation of the heart. The authors report a patient with myotonic dystrophy whose I-123 MIBG SPECT revealed accelerated washout of I-123 MIBG from infero-posterior and a part of lateral wall, although Tl-201 SPECT showed no abnormal finding. The authors conclude that I-123 MIBG can be more sensitive in detecting the cardiac abnormality than Tl-201 SPECT in this disease.

3-Iodobenzylguanidine↗
PubMed1994

Background correction in estimating initial renal uptake. Comparison between Tc-99m MAG3 and Tc-99m DTPA.

A gamma camera method with no blood sampling assesses differential renal function based on initial renal uptake, and requires background correction. The effect of background correction on estimates of initial renal uptake was compared on renograms using Tc-99m MAG3 and Tc-99m DTPA renographies in 14 patients. Renal counts for 2-3 minutes were obtained using three sets of regions of interest (ROIs): rectangular renal and subrenal background ROIs, rectangular renal and perirenal background ROIs, and hand-drawn renal and subrenal background ROIs. Correlations between estimates of initial renal uptake by the three methods were higher for Tc-99m MAG3 renography than for Tc-99m DTPA imaging, suggesting higher reproducibility in evaluating differential renal function using Tc-99m MAG3 renography and a gamma camera method. Although the ratio of counts in the suprarenal area to those in the subrenal area was significantly higher for the right side in the Tc-99m MAG3 study, probably because of hepatic activity, the relative uptake in the right kidney for Tc-99m MAG3 did not differ from that for Tc-99m DTPA. Initial uptake of Tc-99m MAG3 was well correlated with, and about threefold that, of Tc-99m DTPA. It was suggested that initial renal uptake of Tc-99m MAG3 may be an alternative to that of Tc-99m DTPA, with less dependence on background correction in evaluating differential renal function.

Gamma Cameras↗
PubMed1994

Increased phosphodiesters in lipopolysaccharide prepared from the polymyxin B-resistant isolate of Klebsiella pneumoniae.

A polymyxin B (PXB)-resistant mutant of Klebsiella pneumoniae O3 was isolated. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) extracted from the PXB-resistant isolate bound little PXB, although LPS from the parental strain did. The 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrum of PXB-resistant type LPS showed that it contained much less of the phosphomonoesters and the pyrophosphate esters, and an increased amount of the phosphodiesters, compared to the parental type LPS. The decrease in the binding of PXB might be due to altered phosphate groups on the PXB-resistant type LPS, suggesting that it might explain the PXB-resistance of the mutant.

Drug Resistance, Microbial↗
PubMed1994

Improvement of quality-of-life following resective surgery for temporal lobe epilepsy: results of patient and family assessments.

In order to evaluate the quality-of-life (QOL) of epilepsy surgery patients, we surveyed patients' degree of life satisfaction and their families' degree of satisfaction with patient's status in a range of domains both pre- and post-operatively. Of 100 patient-family sets of surveys that were mailed out, 93 were completed and returned from patients and 91 from their families. All patients surveyed had temporal lobe epilepsy and had been followed for longer than 2 years after resective surgery. Patients and their families rated overall QOL as having markedly improved following surgery. However, they rated social domains of QOL, including role activities, financial status, and social and family relationships as having improved relatively little. Despite freedom from seizures, a few patients' families were dissatisfied with the patients' post-operative status, primarily for psychosocial reasons. Patients operated on at a later age reported little gains in life satisfaction following surgery. This study supports the conclusion that surgical intervention should occur before patients are subjected to the psychological conflicts and social handicaps associated with chronic intractable epilepsy.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1994

Peripheral carcinoid tumor of the lung with focal melanin production.

A case of carcinoid tumor of the lung with focal melanin production was encountered in a 56 year old Japanese woman. The tumor was found 16 years previously by mass survey chest X-ray and had enlarged two-fold in the intervening period. The tumor consisted of a variety of tumor cells showing a spindle, polygonal and pleomorphic appearance with abundant vasculature in the stroma. All tumor cells showed argyrophilia, together with a few showing argentaffinity. Melanin-containing tumor cells were also present in parts. Ultrastructurally, most tumor cells possessed various numbers of neurosecretory granules and a few of them contained granular type melanosomes. Tumor cells were connected with desmosomes and a few of them contained tonofilament-like microfilaments. Only a few contained both neurosecretory granules and melanin. By immunohistochemistry, serotonin, met-enkephalin and beta-endorphin positive cells were observed scattered throughout the tumor. A few tumor cells positive for tyrosine hydroxylase were also detected. Additionally, most tumor cells were positive for keratin. On the basis of these findings, the tumor of the current case is a pulmonary carcinoid tumor with focal melanin production.

Carcinoid Tumor↗
PubMed1994

Comparative study of five types of IABP balloons in terms of incidence of balloon rupture and other complications: a multi-institutional study.

The Multi-Institutional IABP Balloon Study Group in Japan (14 institutions) conducted a retrospective nonrandomized study to elucidate the incidence and type of IABP balloon-related complications relative to design and durability of five different clinically available balloons: TMP (n = 960), Kontron (n = 943). Datascope (n = 485), Mansfield (n = 226), and Aries (n = 189) balloons. A total of 2,803 patients (1,973 males, 830 females, mean age 62.1 years) spent a total of 243,856 h on the pump. Forty-nine balloons (1.7%) ruptured as recognized by the appearance of blood in the catheter (39 cases) or console alarm (4 cases). Ten patients required surgical removal of the balloon due to entrapment. Other IABP balloon-related complications requiring surgical intervention or with a lethal outcome occurred in 89 patients (3.2%). They included lower limb ischemia (61 cases), hematoma (11 cases), extensive dissection (6 cases), perforation (5 cases), entrapment without balloon rupture (3 cases), and mesenteric infarction (3 cases). The incidence of rupture, other major complications, and total complications, respectively, for each balloon was 0, 2.7, and 2.7 for TMP, 1.6, 4.3, and 5.9% for Kontron, 4.1, 1.9, and 6.0% for Datascope, 1.3, 2.7, and 4.0% for Mansfield, and 5.8, 3.7, and 9.5% for Aries. In conclusion, the TMP balloon demonstrates a significantly lower rate of rupture while the incidence of other complications for the 5 balloons is not significantly different.

Equipment Failure↗
PubMed1994

[Coexisting respiratory tract infection and bacteremia or sepsis caused by the same bacterium].

We experienced 12 patients who were suffering from bacteremia or sepsis and pneumonia or lung abscess coincidently caused by the same bacterium, during the 8 years from 1985 to 1992 a Hokusyo Central Hospital. All of them has some underlying diseases, and the average age was 73.6 years old. In ten out of 12 patients bacteremia or sepsis preceded the respiratory tract infection, and in 7 cases indwelling intravenous catheter was thought to be the port of entry of the bacteria. Respiratory tract infections were composed of pneumonia in 8 cases and lung abscess in 4 cases. Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was detected in 4 cases, Methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were in 2 cases respectively, Citrobacter freundii and Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus spp. were in one cases respectively. Eight out of 12 cases died in spite of current antibiotics therapy, suggesting poor prognosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

[Three cases of Pasteurella multocida infection in the respiratory tract].

Pasteurella multocida (P. multocida) is well recognized as "normal flora" in the upper respiratory tract of cats, dogs and other animals. Recently, various infections due to P. multocida in human have been noted as pulmonary infections in the patients with chronic pulmonary diseases as well as skin abscesses or septicemia after an animal bite or scratch. We report here three cases of respiratory tract infections caused by P. multocida. The first two patients had acute exacerbation of bronchiectasis caused by P. multocida and the other patients with pulmonary emphysema developed pneumonia. These three patients improved by antibiotic therapy. In Japan, P. multocida respiratory tract infection is rare, but it may become more common in the future. Therefore, it seems to be important to take this pathogen into consideration in the management of chronic lung disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Isolation of Group B streptococci from urine in healthy persons. Streptococcal Diseases Study Group].

It is known that the neonatal group B streptococcal disease in most cases is acquired by contamination during passage through the birth canal at the time of delivery. Therefore, to investigate the influence of colonization of group B streptococci in the female genital tract by age, we carried out the isolation of group B streptococci from the urine of healthy children of school age group, and those age groups were as follow: kindergarten primary school students, junior high school students, high school students and women over twenty years of age. The isolation rates of group B streptococci from the urine of the healthy persons by each group were as follow: 12.5-18.2% in 93 females and 0-0.3% in 90 males in kindergarten aged 3-5 years, 6.4-25.3% in 285 females and 0.3-3.2% males in primary school aged 6-11 years, 11.8-19.1% in 183 females and 0-7.1% in 233 males in junior high school aged 12-14 years, 16.4-23.7% in 416 females and 2.6-7.1% in 114 males in high school aged 15-17 years, and 35.0-50.0% in adult females aged 20-60 years. Isolation rates according to sex were 2.2% in 756 males to 17.5% in 977 females of aged 3-17 years, and there was a clearly highly significant difference between males and females (p < 0.01). Group B streptococci isolated from urine of 1,818 persons were 220 strains (12.1%), and the 146 (66.4%) in all strains could be typed by the serological test.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Parasympathetic control of right atrial pressure in anesthetized dogs.

We investigated whether the intracardiac parasympathetic ganglia for sinoatrial (SA) nodal pacemaker cells control the right atrial contractility selectively and totally in the autonomically decentralized heart of the open-chest anesthetized dog. Stimulation of the intracardiac parasympathetic nerves to the SA nodal area (SAP Stim) decreased the right atrial pressure (a wave pressure) and its first pressure derivative (dP/dt) as well as the atrial rate but did not change the atrioventricular (AV) conduction time. Stimulation of right and left cervical vagosympathetic complexes (CV Stim) decreased the a wave pressure, dP/dt, and atrial rate and prolonged the AV conduction time. When SAP and CV Stim decreased the atrial rate similarly, the decreases in a wave pressure and dP/dt in response to SAP Stim were less than those to CV Stim in unpaced and paced hearts. When treatment with hexamethonium bromide or tetrodotoxin into the SAP Stim locus abolished the decreases in atrial rate evoked by SAP and CV Stim, each treatment abolished the decrease in a wave pressure response to SAP Stim but only slightly attenuated the pressure response to CV Stim. These results demonstrate that right atrial pressure is modified by efferent parasympathetic neurons, which are located in a region that differs from that of efferent parasympathetic neurons controlling heart rate.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

A multi-centre study of the efficacy and safety of pravastatin in hypercholesterolaemic patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

A multi-centre, non-randomized clinical study of 12-months' duration was performed in 112 patients with hyperlipidaemia associated with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus to evaluate the clinical efficacy and tolerability of pravastatin and to assess its effect on glycaemic control. Patients were eligible for this trial if they fulfilled the following criteria; a high plasma total cholesterol level greater than 220 mg/dl associated with stable glycaemic control for at least 3-months' observation period. On entry, patients received 10 mg pravastatin per day (5 mg twice daily) for 12 months. Clinical efficacy was evaluated in 108 patients. The results showed that pravastatin induced a significant decrease in serum cholesterol level mainly with LDL-cholesterol. Total cholesterol levels were decreased significantly from 275 +/- 3 mg/dl to 222 +/- 4 mg/dl within 3 months of the start of treatment, and LDL-cholesterol decreased from 192 +/- 4 mg/dl to 137 +/- 4 mg/dl. After 12 months' treatment, total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol levels were 216 +/- 4 mg/dl (p < 0.001) and 137 +/- 5 mg/dl (p < 0.001), respectively. HDL-cholesterol levels were increased from 51 +/- 2 mg/dl to 56 +/- 2 mg/dl at 3 months (p < 0.001) and 55 +/- 2 mg/dl at 12 months (p < 0.01). Triglyceride concentrations were also decreased from 173 +/- 11 mg/dl to 156 +/- 13 mg/dl at 3 months and 137 +/- 10 mg/dl at 12 months (p < 0.01). Fasting plasma glucose and glycated haemoglobin levels were not affected by pravastatin. Adverse events observed in 5 cases were always mild and reversible. These results indicate a clinical usefulness of pravastatin with high compliance in patients with hyperlipidaemia associated with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Evaluation of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) therapy in granulopoetic patients complicated with sepsis.

A study was carried out to investigate the efficacy of therapy with recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) in 24 patients with granulocytopenia and sepsis who had failed to respond to antibiotics. The mean leukocyte count at the start of the study was 911 +/- 334/microliter. Patients were injected subcutaneously with 75 micrograms rhG-CSF once daily for a mean of 5.2 days. The plasma G-CSF concentration was measured by ELISA. The leukocyte count increased approximately 9-fold after 1 week in 19 patients and the percentage of granulocytes rose from 46.2% to 78.9%. These 19 patients survived, while the 5 patients with no leukocyte response to rhG-CSF died. High plasma G-CSF levels were found in patients with granulocytopenia. Plasma G-CSF levels decreased as levels of granulocyte increased in survivors. A high plasma G-CSF concentration persisted in the 5 non-responding patients resulting in a fatal outcome. This study suggests that rhG-CSF both increased the leukocyte count and was a useful therapeutic manoeuvre for sepsis.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Anti-inflammatory effects of etodolac: comparison with other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.

The anti-inflammatory effects of etodolac (Eto) were compared with those of 6 other anti-inflammatory drugs: indomethacin (Ind), diclofenac Na (Dic), piroxicam (Pir), naproxen (Nap), ketoprofen (Ket) and aspirin (Asp). Eto inhibited carrageenin-induced edema in rats, adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats, acetic acid-induced writhing in mice and brewer's yeast-induced hyperalgesia and fever in rats. In the adjuvant arthritis test, the ED30 value (1.88 mg/kg) on day 3 and ED50 values (adjuvant-injected paw: 1.18 mg/kg and non-injected paw: 0.96 mg/kg) on day 18 for Eto were comparable to those for Dic (2.16, 1.72 and 1.28) when given prophylactically and the ED50 values for Eto (adjuvant-injected paw: 1.61 and non-injected paw: 1.20 mg/kg) were comparable to those for Ket (1.24 and 1.22) when used therapeutically. The analgesic activity of Eto (ED50 value: 3.67 mg/kg) in the acetic acid-induced writhing test was greater than that of Nap (9.83) or Asp (31.6) and less than that of Ind (0.71), Dic (1.54), Pir (0.92) or Ket (1.34). In the antipyretic test, the minimum effective dose (MED: 1 mg/kg) for Eto was comparable to that for Ind (1.0), Nap (1.0) or Ket (1.0). Eto was less potent in inhibiting carrageenin-induced edema (ED30 value: 6.99 mg/kg) and inflammatory pain (ED50 value: 9.24 mg/kg) than the other drugs (Ind: 2.32 and 3.47, Dic: 0.69 and 3.80, Pir: 1.31 and 1.94, Nap: 1.83 and 2.78, Ket: 1.12 and 0.63), except for Asp (167 and 51.8).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acetates↗
PubMed1994

[Highly sensitive analytical procedure for methotrexate and its main metabolite 7-hydroxymethotrexate in serum by high-performance liquid chromatography].

Recently, methotrexate (MTX) low dose therapy (5-10 mg/m2) has been used for the treatment of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Hence a practical and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of MTX and its main metabolite 7-hydroxymethotrexate (7-OH-MTX) in human serum has been studied. After deproteinization with perchloric acid followed by the addition of pH 5.0 acetate buffer, the serum sample was purified by solid-phase extraction on a Sep-Pak C18 cartridge. The analyte was chromatographed on a reversed-phase Inertsil ODS-2 column using a phosphate buffer-acetonitrile at pH 3.0 system as the mobile phase, and the effluent from the column was monitored at 303 nm. Gradient elution was employed to increase the sensitivity for 7-OH-MTX. A good linear relationship between peak height and concentration was found for the two compounds in the range 2.5 to 100 ng/ml of the human serum, and the detection limits were about 1 ng/ml for the two compounds. The day-to-day coefficients of variation assay were 2.3% (20 ng/ml) and 4.4% (100 ng/ml) for MTX and 4.6% (20 ng/ml) for 7-OH-MTX. The present method was successfully applied to the analysis of the serum after a single oral administration of MTX 2.5 mg tablet to male dogs. MTX was rapidly absorbed, reached to the maximal level at about 1.4 h and thereafter decreased monoexponentially with a half-life of about 1.4 h. A metabolite, 7-OH-MTX was not detected in the serum up to 24 h post dose.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1994

Pharmacological studies on a new dihydrothienopyridine calcium antagonist, S-312-d. 5th communication: anticonvulsant effects in mice.

S-312, S-312-d, but not S-312-l, L-type calcium channel antagonists, showed anticonvulsant effects on the audiogenic tonic convulsions in DBA/2 mice; and their ED50 values were 18.4 (12.8-27.1) mg/kg, p.o. and 15.0 (10.2-23.7) mg/kg, p.o., respectively, while that of flunarizine was 34.0 (26.0-44.8) mg/kg, p.o. Although moderate anticonvulsant effects of S-312-d in higher doses were observed against the clonic convulsions induced by pentylenetetrazole (85 mg/kg, s.c.) or bemegride (40 mg/kg, s.c.), no effects were observed in convulsions induced by N-methyl-D-aspartate, picrotoxin, or electroshock in Slc:ddY mice. S-312-d may be useful in the therapy of certain types of human epilepsy.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1994

On the category of naturally occurring inversions of Drosophila melanogaster.

The categorization of naturally occurring inversions in Drosophila melanogaster made by Mettler et al. (1977) was re-examined through compilation of recent data from the world-wide investigations. Categorization was changed into 5 classes by adding a new class: Common cosmopolitan, Rare cosmopolitan, Quasi cosmopolitan, Endemic and Unique. Modifications were also proposed: (1) The Rare cosmopolitans were limited to the 3 inversions, In(3L)M, In(3R)C and In(3R)Mo, instead of 8 inversions originally included. (2) Ambiguity between Endemic and Unique was noted and discussed. Data were presented to show that repeated surveys of the usual scale in a natural population indeed detected Endemic inversions which otherwise would have been classified as Unique inversions. More recent data on Japanese natural populations were finally presented. The Common cosmopolitans but not the Rare and Quasi cosmopolitans clearly showed high frequencies in the south.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Cloning of the cDNA and genomic DNA that correspond to the recA-like gene of Drosophila melanogaster.

We have isolated a cDNA homologous to the yeast DMC1 and RAD51 genes from Drosophila melanogaster. The DMC1 and RAD51 genes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae are known to play crucial roles during meiosis and during both meiosis and mitosis, respectively, and their gene products are homologous to each other and to the RecA protein of Escherichia coli. The cDNA cloned here contains an open reading frame that encodes 336 amino acids. Sequence analysis of the corresponding genomic DNA fragment showed one short intron existing in the coding region as in the DMC1 gene, but not in the RAD51 gene. By in situ hybridization to the salivary gland chromosomes, the recA-like gene was cytologically mapped to 99D of the third chromosome.

Amino Acid Sequence↗