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Biomedical subjects

Y Ikuta

Publications and source records attributed to Y Ikuta.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Cellular and humoral immune responses after fresh meniscal allografts in mice. A preliminary report.

To date, no study of allogeneic meniscal transplantation has investigated both the host cellular immune response and the humoral immune response. Using inbred mice, we examined cellular immunity to meniscal allografts by assaying mixed lymphocyte culture and investigated humoral immunity through a complement-dependent cytotoxicity test. The level of the stimulation index of the mixed lymphocyte culture seen after placing fresh meniscal allografts subcutaneously was not significantly higher than when isograft controls were similarly placed. Following placement of the allografts, no specific antibodies were detected in serum throughout the 24-week period after grafting. Thus, in mice, fresh meniscus apparently is not immunogenic. Our results tentatively suggest that a fresh allogeneic meniscus might be transplanted without any special treatment to decrease its immunogenicity.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Arteries to the great and second toes based on three-dimensional analysis of 100 cadaveric feet.

Three-dimensional arteriography was used to analyse the arterial supply of the great and second toes of 100 cadaveric feet down to the microsurgical level. This information will aid in successful composite tissue transfers of these toes to the hand. The arterial blood supply of the great toe came principally from the first dorsal metatarsal a. (78%) and the first plantar metatarsal a. (22%), and secondarily from the medial tarsal aa. and the three terminal branches of the medial plantar a. For the second toe, the first dorsal metatarsal a. (78%) and the first plantar metatarsal a. (22%) supplied blood from the medial side, and the second dorsal metatarsal a. (78%) and the second plantar metatarsal a. (22%) supplied blood from the lateral side. Seven arterial patterns were found in the interdigital web space. The so-called general pattern was seen in the first web space in 65% of the feet examined. In the second web space it was found in 85%. The first intermetatarsal space sometimes contained a large artery arising directly from the dorsalis pedis or first proximal perforating a. as well as the first dorsal and first plantar metatarsal arteries. In this space, arterial patterns were classified into 4 types and 9 subtypes based on the origins and proximal courses of these arteries. The so-called standard pattern was found in only 19% of the feet, while an arterial pattern with a common proximal trunk on the plantar side for the first dorsal and first plantar metatarsal aa. was found most frequently (46%).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Aetiology of Kienböck's disease based on a study of the condition among patients with cerebral palsy.

Examination of 110 patients with cerebral palsy revealed a diagnosis of Kienböck's disease in six wrists in five cases. All had cerebral palsy of the mixed type with athetosis and high muscle tone. It is considered that the increased prevalence of Kienböck's disease in these cases was attributable to repeated minor trauma to the lunate from childhood due to high muscle tone across the wrist joint, together with negative ulnar variance. The high prevalence of Kienböck's disease observed in patients with cerebral palsy strongly suggests that repeated minor trauma together with negative ulnar variance is also the cause of Kienböck's disease in normal individuals.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Arthroscopic and histologic evaluation of anterior cruciate ligaments reconstructed with the Leeds-Keio ligament.

In 62 of the patients who underwent anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction with the Leeds-Keio (L-K) artificial ligament, we performed an arthroscopic second look and biopsy of the reconstructed ACL at 8-36 months postoperatively. Arthroscopic findings were classified into two groups according to the tautness of the ligament and the coverage of the implanted L-K ligament with synovial tissue. Histologic results were classified into three groups according to the orientation of the collagen fibers around the L-K ligament, and the arrangement and morphology of the cells. Although our results demonstrated that the implanted L-K ligament had the capacity for tissue induction, no statistically significant correlation was observed between any two results among the arthroscopic, histologic, and clinical data. Therefore, within the time span of our experiment, we could not conclude that the L-K ligament functioned as a scaffold type of artificial ligament. More convincing results must be attained before any firm recommendation can be made for the use of the L-K ligament as a substitute ACL over the autograft or allograft.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Adaptations to six months of aerobic swim training. Changes in velocity, stroke rate, stroke length and blood lactate.

The purpose of this investigation was to determine how swimming velocity (SV), stroke rate (SR), stroke length (SL) and blood lactate concentration change as adaptations to six months of aerobic swim training. Subjects were trained male college swimmers (n = 8). Measurements were obtained following specially designed 400m freestyle swim tests, pre- and post-intervention. The swim test consisted of 4 x 400 m freestyle over two days. On day 1, subjects performed a maximal effort 400 m freestyle swimming trial; maximal mean velocity (Vmax) for each swimmer was calculated from this effort. On the next day, subjects were instructed to perform three 400 m freestyle swims at constant velocities equal to 85%, 90% and 95% of Vmax, respectively. Subjects rested one hour between swims. During each 400 m trial, lap time and time to complete 10 mid-pool strokes (50 m) were measured to determine SV (m.s-1), SR (stroke.min-1) and SL (m.stroke-1). Mixed arterial blood samples were taken at the end of each 400 m trial to evaluate blood lactate concentration. Results indicated that post-maximal swimming velocity (Vpostmax) increased significantly from pre-intervention measures (p < 0.05). Blood lactate concentration decreased significantly relative to SV and absolute lactate concentration following Vpostmax was significantly lower than that at Vpremax (p < 0.05). Six of seven subjects increased Vmax due to increases in SL. Mean SL during the second test was significantly higher (p < 0.05). Also, during the 400 m maximal test, SL increased significantly after sixth lap (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference between SRs.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1993

A study of the arterial supply in the human rectus femoris muscle.

The rectus femoris muscles have been used in reconstructive surgery, although their vascular anatomy has not been examined in detail. Thus, using cadavers, we have analyzed the extramuscular vascular pattern of 40 rectus femoris muscles and the intramuscular vascular pattern in 27 of these 40 muscles by means of an injected radiopaque substance and subsequent arteriography. The arterial patterns seen, depending on their relationship to the intramuscular tendon, then were classified as follows: type 1a (13 muscles), type 1b (3 muscles), type 2 (7 muscles), and type 3 (4 muscles). In the type 1a pattern, most of a muscle belly was supplied by one artery, but this was not seen in the other pattern types. We also observed an average of 2.6 musculocutaneous perforators. Therefore, in planning a free muscle transfer, the anatomic characteristics of the muscle should be kept in mind.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

[Transdermal application of 10% lidocaine-gel for management of pain associated with herpes zoster].

We have developed transdermally applicable 10% lidocaine aqueous gel containing an absorption promoter and applied it for 15 patients suffering from severe pain in acute or subacute phase of herpes zoster. The patients, consisting of 7 males and 8 females with a mean age 58.5 +/- 13.0 (SD) yrs, had skin eruptions of herpes zoster for the past 2 months. Lidocaine-gel was applied locally to the diseased skin with or without an occlusive dressing. In 14 of the 15 patients (93%), a remarkable reduction of pain (below 10% of pretreatment level) was obtained after 9.9 +/- 5.6 (SD) times of lidocaine-gel treatments. There was no adverse systemic reactions or local skin damages. None of them developed post-herpetic neuralgia. The lidocaine-gel treatment appears to be very useful for reduction of pain associated with acute or subacute phase of herpes zoster.

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMed1992

Rapid DNA typing utilizing immobilized oligonucleotide probe and a nonradioactive detection system. Application to HLA-DR typing of the Japanese population.

We established a rapid and simple method of HLA-DR genotyping, and applied it for analysis of the Japanese population. Our method includes rapid preparation of DNA samples from buccal mucosa, incorporation of biotin-dATP into DRB genes during amplification by the polymerase chain reaction, hybridization with sequence-specific oligonucleotide (SSO) probes immobilized on nylon membranes via poly (dT) tails, and detection of the hybridization signal as chemiluminescence. We carried out DR typing of 30 Japanese donors using 20 different immobilized SSO probes, and obtained unambiguous typing signals showing perfect correlation with their serologic DR types. The genotyping also enabled us to identify several DR types unique to the Japanese population, such as DRw12b (DRB1*1202), DRw14c (DRB1*1405), and serology blank type, DR'JX6' (DRB1*1403). The method presented here would be suitable for routine DR typing in tissue-typing laboratories.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1992

Experimental evidence of selective axonal regeneration in allogenic and isogenic Y-chambers.

Studies on axonal regeneration in Y-chambers over the past decade have consistently provided evidence of preferential growth toward a distal nerve piece. However, these findings are in contrast to the observations by Weiss and Taylor (1944. J. Exp. Zool. 95: 233-257), indicating that in fresh aortic Y-chambers regenerating axons had no tendency to grow into a channel containing a distal nerve piece as compared to an open channel. The discrepancy between Weiss and Taylor's findings and those of later authors remains unexplained. In the present study we repeated the investigations by Weiss and Taylor, using both isogenic and allogenic aortic Y-chambers. In control groups the aorta graft was frozen and treated chemically to kill all cells and to deactivate possible growth factors of protein nature. In these groups preferential growth toward the distal nerve was pronounced although such specificity in growth was evident also in the nontreated types of aortic chambers. The findings do not support the results presented by Weiss and Taylor.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Reinnervation of denervated skeletal muscles by grafted dorsal root ganglion.

We examined whether or not the cervical dorsal root ganglion (DRG) of the rat, when isografted and connected to the distal stump of the severed common peroneal nerve, could survive, project axons to the denervated leg muscles, and exert beneficial influences to delay the degeneration of the denervated muscles. Rats in which the muscles were similarly denervated but no DRG was grafted served as the control. After a postoperative period of 72 to 286 days, histological study showed that nerve cells at the superficial part of the grafted DRG survived. Indirect electrical stimulation via the distal stump of the common peroneal nerve produced no contraction of the muscles, indicating that no functional neuromuscular contacts had been reestablished. Direct stimulation of the denervated muscles did elicit contraction, and the isometric twitch and tetanic tensions were significantly much higher in the experimental rats with a grafted DRG than in the control rats. Cholinesterase-silver staining indicated the presence of axons in the denervated muscles, but the axons did not terminate on endplates. Compared with the control muscles, the experimental muscles had significantly more axons, and had atrophied less as indicated by muscle wet weight and histological appearance. These results indicate that the sensory axons can delay the weakening and atrophy of muscles after denervation. We suggest that the sensory axons may exert certain trophic influence on the denervated muscle fibers, though the actual mechanism is unknown.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Induction of interleukin-1 production in the cultured synovial cells from patients with rheumatoid arthritis].

Interleukin-1 (IL-1) is believed to be involved in articular destruction in rheumatoid arthritis. HLA-class II antigens are expressed on synovial cells of patients with RA. The relation between the production of IL-1 and expression of HLA-class II antigens was studied. Synovial cells of rheumatoid patients appeared to express HLA-DR and DQ antigens to a significantly greater extent than those of osteoarthritic patients. These cells produced IL-1 following interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) stimulation and there was synergistic enhancement of production induced by IFN-gamma and monoclonal antibodies to HLA-DR or DQ antigens in combination. In the intracellular signal transduction mechanism for the production of IL-1 beta by these cells following IFN-gamma stimulation, protein kinase C and calmodulin may be involved as second messengers.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1992

Serum amino acid levels and hepatic protein synthesis during liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy in rats.

The time courses of changes in serum concentrations of free amino acids and in hepatic protein synthesis during liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy were studied in rats. Hepatic protein synthesis was significantly higher 3, 5 and 7 days after partial hepatectomy than it was in sham-operated control rats, but there was no such difference 14 days after surgery. Serum total amino acid level was significantly higher in partially-hepatectomized rats than in control rats 3 days after surgery, and thereafter decreased slowly. By 7 days after surgery there was no significant difference between the two groups. Serum concentrations of threonine, serine, proline, histidine, tyrosine, methionine, ornithine and citrulline were significantly higher than in the control group 3 days after partial hepatectomy, and the concentrations of proline, histidine, tyrosine, methionine and ornithine were still high 5 days after surgery. In contrast, concentrations of branched-chain amino acids did not change.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1992

[Amyloidosis associated with rheumatoid arthritis after total joint replacement].

Rheumatoid arthritis patients who had secondary amyloidosis have been studied retrospectively. There were eight patients out of 105 rheumatoid arthritis patients who had total joint replacement surgery from 1979 to 1990 in our institute. The grade of inflammation, renal and hepatic function have been compared with the RA patients without amyloidosis pre- and post- operatively. All of eight patients was female, and their average age at the diagnosis of amyloidosis was 57.8 year-old (range 4-76 year-old). The average preoperative period was 14.4 years (range 4-27 years), and the secondary amyloidosis had been diagnosed at the time of 3.8 years (range 1-9 years) after operation. The major clinical features leading to the diagnosis were gastrointestinal disturbance in six cases and renal dysfunction in two cases. The data of the renal function of amyloidosis patients showed slightly lower than that of the RA patients without amyloidosis, and showed significantly decrease postoperatively. The white blood cell (WBC) count was higher at the time of operation in the amyloidosis patients and showed continuous increase postoperatively. Lansbury index, alpha 2-globulin and WBC count did not improve in the amyloidosis patients during three years after operation. On the contrary, the patients without amyloidosis improved in these clinical data during the same period. Three amyloidosis patients died of renal failure and one died of bronchopneumonia. The average survival period was 1.8 years (range 1-5 years) after diagnosis of amyloidosis, and was 6.3 years (range 2-10 years) after operation in these four patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Prevalence of HCV antibodies in Yatsuka town of Simane prefecture, Japan].

To clarify the potential role for HCV in the development of chronic liver disease in Yatsuka town with a high morbidity of liver disease, epidemiological studies were taken in 459 subjects of Yatsuka town compared with 219 subjects of Mihonoseki town with a low one. In Yatsuka town, the mortality rate of liver cirrhosis was three times higher than the overall rate in Simane prefecture, and the rate of liver cancer rapidly increased in recent years. Age and sex-matched epidemiological studies showed a significantly higher incidence of hepatic dysfunction compared with Mihonoseki town (11.5% vs 3.7%, P less than 0.01). The prevalence of HCV antibody was significantly higher in Yatsuka town than Mihonoseki town (16.6% vs 3.7%, P less than 0.001), although there were no differences in frequencies of HBs antigen and habitual alcohol drinker between the two districts. These data strongly suggest that the high prevalence of HCV may be associated with the high morbidity of chronic liver disease, especially hepatocellular carcinoma in Yatsuka town.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Experimental irradiation of femoral arteries by carbon dioxide (CO2) laser: morphologic changes under transmission electron microscope (T.E.M.) examination.

In order to study the morphologic changes after CO2 laser irradiation, 42 rat femoral arteries were irradiated under various conditions at different time intervals from zero to three weeks. The arteries were examined under transmission electron microscope (T.E.M.), and 30 mW power and 0.3 to 0.5 mm/sec velocity were considered to be the most suitable for a CO2 anastomosis of small femoral arteries.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Effects of RU486 on the interstitial collagenase in the process of cervical ripening in the pregnant rat.

Changes in interstitial collagenase activity in the rat uterine cervix during ripening were clarified in a time-dependent manner. Premature delivery was induced by an antiprogesterone agent, RU486, for rats in late pregnancy. The presence of interstitial collagenase in the extract from the rat cervical tissue was demonstrated, by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis using the natural and unaffected collagen as a substrate. The collagenase activity was determined as the release of digested peptides from the radio-labeled collagen. Our experiments with RU486 were performed in rats on the 18th day of pregnancy. A single administration of RU486 (15 mg/kg) resulted in the premature delivery of all treated rats within 30 h after the injection (average time was 23.9 h). The marked increase in cervical wet weight was observed up to the time to premature delivery along with a significant acceleration from 18 h after the administration of RU486. In this state, the cervical collagenase activity was enhanced, the highest levels being recorded at 21 h after the administration. The interstitial collagenase in the uterine cervix appears to play a significant role in the regulation mechanisms of cervical ripening in late pregnant rats.

Animals↗