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Biomedical subjects

Y Hosokawa

Publications and source records attributed to Y Hosokawa.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

Detection of AP12-MALT1 chimaeric gene in extranodal and nodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and genomic long and accurate PCR analyses.

t(11;18)(q21;q21) has been recognized as a characteristic chromosomal translocation in mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT)-type lymphoma, and recent studies have demonstrated that this translocation results in the chimaeric transcript of API2 (apoptosis inhibitor 2)-MALT1 (mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation gene 1). In this study, we used reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to analyse the incidence of this fusion product in a large series of MALT lymphoma, nodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma (nMZBCL) and extranodal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBL) cases. RT-PCR analysis revealed that 17 of the 95 (17.9%) MALT lymphomas but none of the nine nMZBCLs or 16 DLBLs had API2-MALT1 fusion transcripts. The incidence of API2-MALT1 varied among MALT lymphomas arising from different sites and was highest for pulmonary MALT lymphomas (10 out of 16 cases, 62.5%). The presence of the API2-MALT1 fusion gene was also confirmed by long and accurate (LA)-PCR with genomic DNA, and the result correlated well with that obtained with the RT-PCR assay, thus demonstrating the usefulness of LA-PCR for the detection of the API2-MALT1 fusion gene.

Humans↗
PubMed2001

Effect of donor age on morphologic variation of cultured human corneal endothelial cells.

PURPOSE: To examine the effect of donor age on the morphologic variation of cultured human corneal endothelial cells (HCEC). METHODS: HCEC were obtained from the remaining corneoscleral rims of seven human corneas used for penetrating keratoplasty. The donor age ranged from 2 to 75 years. Primary cultures were established from explants of the endothelial cell layer, including the Descemet's membrane, and were propagated on culture dishes coated with bovine corneal endothelial extracellular matrix. At the fourth passage, frequency distribution of cell area in the confluent monolayer was calculated and the effect of donor age on cell area was analyzed. RESULTS: The percentage of HCEC with cell area over 2000 microm2 significantly increased with donor age (r = 0.935, p = 0.0007). CONCLUSION: Cultured HCEC established from older donor tissue display greater heterogeneity. The use of HCEC from younger donors may be preferable to maximize the benefits of HCEC transplantation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

An immunohistological study on cyclooxygenase-2 in human dental pulp.

Characteristics of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expressing cells in human dental pulp were immunohistologically studied. Extirpated pulpal tissues from extracted teeth were examined to elucidate the localization and distribution of COX-2. Pulpal tissues were examined by the labeled streptavidin biotin method using specific mouse monoclonal antibodies for COX-2. Cell types of the COX-2 expressing cells were also investigated by the double stain technique using both monoclonal antibodies for CD68/macrophage and anti-COX-2. COX-2 expressing cells could be found in all of the inflamed pulps, and these cells were mostly distributed close to the area of accumulation of inflammatory cells. COX-2 was mainly expressed in fibroblasts rather than macrophages. In contrast, COX-2 expressing cells were scarcely found in the normal pulps. These findings indicate that pulpal fibroblasts, as well as macrophages, may participate in the production of prostaglandin through COX-2 expression in pulpal inflammation, and might be involved in the pathogenesis of irreversible pulpitis.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Primary hyperparathyroidism caused by parathyroid-targeted overexpression of cyclin D1 in transgenic mice.

The relationship between abnormal cell proliferation and aberrant control of hormonal secretion is a fundamental and poorly understood issue in endocrine cell neoplasia. Transgenic mice with parathyroid-targeted overexpression of the cyclin D1 oncogene, modeling a gene rearrangement found in human tumors, were created to determine whether a primary defect in this cell-cycle regulator can cause an abnormal relationship between serum calcium and parathyroid hormone response, as is typical of human primary hyperparathyroidism. We also sought to develop an animal model of hyperparathyroidism and to examine directly cyclin D1's role in parathyroid tumorigenesis. Parathyroid hormone gene regulatory region--cyclin D1 (PTH--cyclin D1) mice not only developed abnormal parathyroid cell proliferation, but also developed chronic biochemical hyperparathyroidism with characteristic abnormalities in bone and, notably, a shift in the relationship between serum calcium and PTH. Thus, this animal model of human primary hyperparathyroidism provides direct experimental evidence that overexpression of the cyclin D1 oncogene can drive excessive parathyroid cell proliferation and that this proliferative defect need not occur solely as a downstream consequence of a defect in parathyroid hormone secretory control by serum calcium, as had been hypothesized. Instead, primary deregulation of cell-growth pathways can cause both the hypercellularity and abnormal control of hormonal secretion that are almost inevitably linked together in this common disorder.

Adenoma↗
PubMed2001

[Two cases of renal cell carcinoma that underwent radical nephrectomy subsequent to complete tumor enucleation].

We have reported the favorable therapeutic results of non-ischemic complete enucleation using a microwave tissue coagulator as a method of nephron-sparing surgery for small renal cell carcinoma (RCC). We experienced two elective cases that underwent translumbar nephrectomy subsequent to the tumor enucleation. The first case showed another RCC in a cyst, concomitant with the enucleated RCC. The second case was a pT3a spindle cell carcinoma with high-grade malignancy. We decided to nephrectomize these enucleated kidney after obtaining well-informed consent. Here we report these controversial cases and discuss about the indication and outcomes of complete tumor enucleation for small RCC.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[A case of lung cancer underwent carinal resection with right upper lobectomy and carinal reconstruction with double-barreled anastomosis].

A 70-year-old male complaining cough was admitted to our hospital. Bronchoscopic examination revealed a tumor mass which occluded the orifice of the right upper lobe. Chest computed tomographic (CT) scans gave the image of tumor invasion at the carina. The pathological diagnosis of the tumor was squamous cell carcinoma. Operation was accomplished by right posterolateral thoracotomy approach through the fifth rib bed. The carinal resection with right upper lobectomy was followed by a double-barreled anastomosis of the right intermediate trunk and left main-stem bronchus into the carina. The operation was successfully performed and was considered curative. The length of resected airway measured 4.0 cm from tracheal line of resection to the divided the right intermediate trunk. Reinforcement of the anastomosis was not performed in this case. No postoperative complication occurred but mild ischemia of the anastomosis. The patient died of recurrent tumor in a year and 2 months after operation.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

[Is the bronchoscopic criteria of early lung cancer valid?].

We studied the validity of the bronchoscopic criteria of the early lung cancer using the surgical specimen excised between 1980 and 1999. Twenty-four cases with squamous cell carcinoma of the lung of clinical stage I were located subsegmental or more proximal bronchi and trachea, and the size less than 20 mm in greatest dimension. We histopathologically investigated the endoscopic features in relation to the width of superficial extent, the depth of cancer invasion, and lymph node metastasis. Tumors of the thickened type lesions less than 20 mm in greatest dimension showed no invasion into the cartilaginous layer and no lymph node metastasis. On the other hand, in the nodular and polypoid types, invasion beyond the cartilaginous layer was observed more or less, and lymph node metastasis was observed in 1 case. These cases would not be suitable for bronchoscopic (photodynamic) therapy. In conclusion, the bronchoscopic criteria of early lung cancer is valid in the thickened type, but not in the nodular type or polypoid type.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

[A case of adult Wilms' tumor].

Wilms' tumor is very rarely found in adults and there are no established treatment guidelines for such tumors in adults. A 56-year-old woman was referred to our hospital for further examination of macroscopic hematuria. Computed tomography scan revealed a large right renal mass with enlarged lymph nodes. Angiography showed a hypovascular tumor. She underwent right nephrectomy and resection of lymph node metastasis with a diagnosis of malignant renal tumor. Histopathological examination revealed nephroblastoma with lymph node metastasis. The disease was classified as stage III according to the National Wilms' Tumor Study classification. The patient received adjuvant chemotherapy consisting of ifosfamide, cisplatin, and etoposide. This protocol was selected because of the published poor results with the standard Wilms' tumor chemotherapeutic agents when used in adults. She remained without tumor recurrence as of six months after surgery. Development of better therapeutic approaches to adult Wilms' tumor is awaited.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed2000

Phorbol ester synergistically increases interferon regulatory factor-1 and inducible nitric oxide synthase induction in interferon-gamma-treated RAW 264.7 cells.

The roles of PKC in iNOS induction by IFN-gamma have been shown in some cell types. The effect of a PKC activator, phorbol ester, in iNOS induction is thought to be due to multiple mechanisms, and it is necessary to examine the involvement of phorbol ester on IFN-gamma-induced iNOS in detail. In the present study, we investigated the mechanisms of phorbol ester on IFN-gamma-induced iNOS in RAW 264.7 cells. PMA synergistically increased iNOS activity, protein and mRNA levels in IFN-gamma-treated RAW 264.7 cells. PMA together with IFN-gamma increased iNOS mRNA without affecting the iNOS mRNA degradation, suggesting that the synergistic effect of PMA on IFN-gamma-induced iNOS mRNA production may depend on the elevation of the transcription rate rather than a prolongation of mRNA stability. The DNA binding proteins that are involved in the regulation of iNOS expression are mainly NF-kappa B and IRF-1. IRF-1 transcriptionally regulates many IFN-inducible genes such as iNOS whose promoter contains an IRF-1 binding site. PMA might modulate iNOS induction as a cosignal with IFN-gamma in RAW 264.7 cells because the synergistic effect of PMA was mediated through IRF-1, rather than NF-kappa B. Ro 31-8220, a PKC inhibitor, decreased iNOS activity, protein, mRNA levels and IRF-1 activity, indicating that the effect of PMA on iNOS induction might occur via the PKC pathway. It is evidence that PKC plays an important role in IRF-1 activation and that phorbol ester has a synergistic effect on iNOS induction through IRF-1 activation in IFN-gamma-treated RAW 264.7 cells. The synergistic effect of PMA on IFN-gamma-induced IRF-1 binding activity was observed in macrophage cell line J774 cells as well as RAW 264.7 cells, but not in thioglycollate-elicited peritoneal macrophages.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

The Ikaros gene, a central regulator of lymphoid differentiation, fuses to the BCL6 gene as a result of t(3;7)(q27;p12) translocation in a patient with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

The BCL6 gene, isolated from the breakpoints of 3q27-associated chromosomal translocations, has been implicated in diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBL). Here we describe the molecular characterization of novel t(3;7)(q27;p12) translocations in 2 patients with DLBL. Molecular genetic analysis of the breakpoint area involving BCL6 revealed the presence of the Ikaros gene, a central regulator of lymphoid differentiation that had been mapped to human chromosome 7 band p13-p11.1. As a molecular consequence of the translocation, the 5' regulatory region of the BCL6 gene was replaced by the putative 5' regulatory region of the Ikaros gene, probably leading to deregulated expression of the BCL6 gene throughout B-cell differentiation. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analyses of a patient sample established that the t(3;7)(q27;p12) results in fusion of the Ikaros and BCL6 genes. This study provides the first evidence that the Ikaros gene is rearranged in human hematopoietic malignant disorders. (Blood. 2000;95:2719-2721)

Base Sequence↗
PubMed2000

API2-MALT1 chimeric transcripts involved in mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue type lymphoma predict heterogeneous products.

Recent progress in molecular analysis of low-grade B cell lymphoma has revealed that API2 at 11q21 and a novel gene, MALT1 at 18q21, are involved in t(11;18)(q21;q21), a characteristic chromosome aberration for mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) type lymphoma. We describe here the establishment of a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay that we used to analyze 22 cases of MALT lymphoma. All five cases that were shown to possess t(11;18)(q21;q21) showed the specific amplification of API2-MALT1 chimeric transcripts. Of the remaining 17 cases for which cytogenetic data were not available, three cases demonstrated the presence of fusion transcripts, indicating that a significant percentage of MALT lymphoma cases of the present series appeared to possess t(11;18). A single fragment was observed in each of these cases, but the size varied from case to case. Sequencing analysis revealed that there are two breakpoints in API2 and three in MALT1, and that all of the fusion transcripts are in-frame. On the basis of these results, four kinds of chimeric proteins can be predicted for the present series. Thus, the RT-PCR assay used here should serve as an effective molecular tool for understanding molecular pathogenesis and the clinical significance of API2-MALT1 for MALT lymphomas.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Utility of near patient testing and home care analysis using a portable critical care analyser.

OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted in order to determine the usefulness of the application of home patient care using a portable critical care analyser (OPTI-C) after the precision of the OPTI-C was examined. METHODOLOGY: The OPTI-C, which measures sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+) as well as pH, PCO2 and PO2 in whole blood, was used. In order to confirm the linearity of the OPTI-C, analysis using reference materials was performed (n=81). Correlation testing with whole blood samples from patients was also performed using other analysers in the laboratory (n=108). Home patient testing was performed with 15 patients. RESULTS: The slope linearity and correlation coefficients were as follows: pH, 1.0174+/-0.0091, 0.99972; PCO2, 0.9681+/-0.0094, 0.99967; PO2, 0.9844+/-0.0085, 0.99974; NaST, 0.9788+/-0.0115, 0.99911 and KST 0.9964+/-0.0128, 0.99893. The equivalent results from other analysers showed pH, 1.071+/-0.009, 0.9963; PCO2 0.985+/-0.016, 0.9870; PO2 0.989+/-0.007, 0.9976; Na+, 1.075+/-0.278, 0.9662 and K+ 1.120+/-0.020, 0.9842. The correlation coefficients and P values were as follows: pH, 0.9790, P>0.1; PCO2, 0.9990, P>0.1; PO2, 0.9980, P>0.1; Na+, 0.9438, P>0.05, and K+, 0.9174, P>0.1. CONCLUSION: The use of portable critical care analysers for near patient testing for home-care patients is recommended in order to increase the efficiency of visits as well as to improve the quality of patient care.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Truncated TSG101 transcripts in human leukemia and lymphoma cell lines.

Inactivation of the TSG101 gene has been shown to induce cellular transformation of NIH3T3 fibroblasts, and aberrant TSG101 transcripts have been observed not only in various human solid tumors but also in hematopoietic malignant disorders. In the present study, we performed nested reverse transcription/polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis to identify aberrant TSG101 transcripts in 43 human leukemia and lymphoma cell lines. We could detect only a single band of the wild-type transcript with the expected size in virtually all cell lines after the first round of PCR. As in the case with various human solid tumors, the smaller TSG101 transcripts appeared in most of these cell lines after the second round of PCR. Thus, the expression level of the variant transcripts was extremely low as compared with that of the wild-type transcript, and this finding was also confirmed by Northern blot analysis. Identification of various truncated transcripts with extensive deletions in the TSG101 coding region was confirmed by means of sequencing analysis, and expression of these transcripts did not appear to be associated with a specific type of hematopoietic malignant disorder. Southern blot analysis did not indicate any gross TSG101 gene rearrangement. The truncated transcripts were also detected in normal peripheral blood leukocytes. Our results suggest that the truncated TSG101 transcripts are definitely detectable in various human leukemia and lymphoma cell lines, but do not support the notion that the variant transcripts may have a major functional relevance in the pathogenesis of human hematopoietic malignant disorder.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2000

[Surgical treatment for bilateral multiple lung cancers].

We reviewed 12 patients with contralateral bronchogenic carcinomas. Seven of them had metachoronous carcinomas and 5 had synchronous carcinomas. We treated 3 patients with lobectomy on both lungs, and 4 patients with lobectomy and segmentectomy, 2 patients with lobectomy and wedge resection, 2 patients with segmentectomy and thoracoscopic wedge resection, and one patient with lobectomy and ablation on each lung. Two patients who had lobectomy on both lungs were dead, one of whom of bronchofistula on operation and the other of respiratory failure 7 years and one month after second operation. The 5-year survival rate in 12 patients was 68.5% after first operation and 82.5% after second operation. We conclude that lobectomy on both lungs are not recommended because of high mortality rate and the limited resection should be considered to treat the other contralateral primary lung cancers. Because the patients with primary lung cancers have the possibility to suffer from new primary cancers in the different site of the lung, we need careful follow up of the patients after treatment on the first lung cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2000

[Five cases of surgically resected chronic expanding hematoma in the chest].

We report surgically treated 5 cases of chronic expanding hematoma in the chest. Three were male and two were female, aged 53 to 76. All patients except one who was thought to have an early stage of chronic expanding hematoma, had severe dyspnea due to compression of lung parenchyma or heart. Complete removal of the hematoma with fibrous capsule was done in two cases, but in three cases the hematoma was removed but the capsule was not because of severe adhesion to the surrounding structures. Post operative course was different to each other. One patient whose capsule was not removed completely have recurrent hematoma in the chest. The pulmonary or cardiac function were improved greatly except for the two cases; an early stage case and a recurrent case. We conclude that surgical removal is the first treatment for chronic expanding hematoma and complete removal of it with capsule is recommended.

Aged↗