Biomedical subjects

Y Hosoda

Publications and source records attributed to Y Hosoda.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

[Successful removal of aberrant needles in the pericardium and lung].

A 28-year-old woman who had been diagnosed as schizophrenia was admitted to our hospital, complaining of chest pain. Her chest X-ray demonstrated 9 foreign bodies in the pericardium, lung and others. Her chest computed tomography (CT) confirmed needle-like shadows in the pericardium and lung. They were diagnosed as aberrant needles, and surgically removed. The intrapulmonary aberrant needle was removed with video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery. Aberrant needle in pericardium or lung should be removed surgically, because it is very dangerous. Intraoperative chest X-ray is always necessary before closing the wound to avoid leaving the residual fragments.

Adult↗

PubMed2006

[Lung cancer associated with bulla found during an operation of pneumothorax; report of a case].

A 50-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of dyspnea. His chest X-ray and computed tomography (CT) showed right pneumothorax and multiple bullae. His pneumothorax was drained with a chest tube, however, because of a persistent air leak, bullectomy was performed 18 days after the occurrence of pneumothorax. Intraoperatively, we found a palpable tumor in the bulla approximately 10 mm in diameter and resected it with the bullae. Histologically, the tumor was diagnosed as a large cell carcinoma.

Blister↗

PubMed2005

Plasma des-acyl and acyl ghrelin in patients with eating disorders.

A recently recognized peptide, ghrelin, increases appetite and energy retention in human. Previous reports have shown higher plasma level in eating disorder (ED) patients and correlations with body mass index (BMI). This study examined these findings by measuring active (N-RIA) and total (C-RIA) levels of plasma ghrelin. Multipurpose assessments of symptoms were conducted for 11 ED patients and 5 control females. Results revealed significant differences of C-RIA between the groups. The BMI did not correlate with ghrelin, but demonstrated reversal correlation with the ratio of N-RIA and C-RIA (NC ratio) according to the ED or control group. The NC ratio also tended to be associated with a self-rating score. The NC ratio might be related to specific characteristics of ghrelin secretion or clearance in ED patients. Further basic and clinical investigations are necessary.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2004

[Operation on acute type A aortic dissection using transapical aortic cannulation].

We experienced a case of operation for acute type A aortic dissection using transapical aortic cannulation (TAC). A 62-year-old male with chest and back pain admitted to our hospital. The chest computed tomography (CT) showed the dissection of total aorta. Hemiarch repair (circulatory arrest time: 64 min, pump time: 152 min) was performed by cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) established with bicaval cannulation and TAC in this case. The reason why we use TAC is that retrograde perfusion by femoral artery has a high-risk of malperfusion and cerebral embolism because of atheromatous change in aorta, and the use of the axillary artery can be troublesome because of the vessel's small diameter. We considered that in cases of acute aortic dissection, TAC is much safer and simpler than femoral or axillary cannulation.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed2003

Analysis of cross-reactivity of five new chicken monoclonal antibodies which recognize the apical complex of Eimeria using confocal laser immunofluorescence assay.

For Apicomplexa (members) the host cell invasion is realized with the help of the organelles located at the apical tip of parasites. In this research paper the characterization of five chicken monoclonal antibodies (mabs) produced against Eimeria acervulina sporozoites is described. All mabs reacted with molecules belonging to the apical complex of chicken Eimeria sporozoites. On immunofluorescence assay (IFA) one mab, 8E-1, recognized an apical tip molecule present on all chicken Eimeria sporozoites, two mabs (8D-2 and HE-4) recognized an antigen present on the apical tip of the same two Eimeria species (E. acervulina and E. brunetti), another mab (5D-11) recognized an antigen present on the apical tip of other two species (E. acervulina and E. maxima) while one mab (8C-3) identified antigens present on the sporozoites and sporocysts wall of only E. acervulina. Besides the apical tip antigens, two mabs (HE-4 and 8D-2) recognized some proteins located in the anterior half of the sporozoites. Collectively, these mabs proved that the apical complex of chicken Eimeria sporozoites share one or more antigens that are expected to play a role in host cell recognition and invasion.

Animals↗

PubMed2002

Does perifascial rectal excision (i.e. TME) when combined with the autonomic nerve-sparing technique interfere with operative radicality?

OBJECTIVE: The lymphatic drainage from the rectum was studied to evaluate if the autonomic nerve sparing dissection may interfere with the operative radicality and might result in metastatic lymph nodes being overlooked and left in situ. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 50 consecutive patients had an extended extrafascial rectal excision resection for cancer. In 19 of the 50 patients activated carbon particles (CH40) were injected preoperatively into the rectum. The autonomic nerves with surrounding connective tissue were serially dissected from the resected specimen, carefully sliced at 5-mm intervals and collected for histological study. Lymph nodes along the axial and lateral drainage routes were examined, and the inclusion of CH40 in the nodes was microscopically studied according to the site of CH40 injection. RESULTS: Lymph nodes within the connective tissue along the dissected autonomic nerves were demonstrated in 47 of the 50 cases. Two of 50 cases had positive nodes along preaortic plexus or pelvic plexus, and a case with nodal involvement along the pelvic plexus had poor prognosis in spite of nerve excision. CH40 when injected into the rectum above the peritoneal reflection was demonstrated in the vast majority of the axial nodes, while in only one lymph node along the preaortic plexus when injected in the rectum above the peritoneal reflection. On the other hand when injected in the rectum below the peritoneal reflection, CH40 was demonstrated both in axial and lateral nodes as well as in lymph nodes along bilateral pelvic plexuses, right hypogastric nerve, superior hypogastric plexus, preaortic plexus and mesenteric plexus as well. CONCLUSIONS: When located above the peritoneal reflection a rectal carcinoma will spread preferentially along the upper axial route, while a carcinoma located below the peritoneal reflection will also spread laterally and along the autonomic nerves. It was inferred that lymphatic flow along the autonomic nerves came up from the rectum below the peritoneal reflection mainly through a so-called lateral ligament but its clinical significance was negligible. Therefore doing TME with autonomic nerve preservation does not imply a less radical surgery from the point of lymphatic spread.

Journal Article↗

PubMed2002

[Surgical treatment of two cases with Marfan syndrome].

We report 2 cases of aortic disease with Marfan syndrome underwent surgery. Case 1 was 38-years-old man and case 2 was 36-years-old woman. They were brothers and they had 8 times operation for 13 years. Surgical procedure included aortic root reconstruction, descending aortic aneurysm repair and abdominal aortic aneurysm repair. Patients with Marfan syndrome sometimes require repeated surgical repair of aortic disease.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

Daunorubicin attenuates tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced biosynthesis of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in human umbilical vein endothelial cells.

The anthracycline antibiotic daunorubicin is reported to induce apoptosis in cells by triggering ceramide generation through de novo synthesis or sphingomyelin hydrolysis. Treatment of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) with daunorubicin markedly decreased the mRNA expression and protein release of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1). This cellular event was accompanied by a significant increase in the total ceramide content in HUVEC. On the other hand, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha treatment of HUVEC led to an increase in both PAI-1 mRNA expression and protein release, and an enhancement of total ceramide content was also observed. The stimulating effect of TNF-alpha on PAI-1 synthesis was attenuated by the pretreatment of HUVEC with daunorubicin. Interestingly, the daunorubicin-induced increase in ceramide content was blocked by addition of the potent ceramide synthase inhibitor fumonisin B(1), while the TNF-alpha-induced ceramide increase was not affected by this drug. Fumonisin B(1) treatment restored the daunorubicin-induced decrease in PAI-1 release to approximately 70% of the control, but did not affect the TNF-alpha-induced increase in PAI-1 release. Thus, these data imply the possibility that the subcellular topology of ceramide production determines its lipid mediator function in the regulation of PAI-1 synthesis in HUVEC, because both TNF-alpha and daunorubicin could increase the ceramide levels.

Carboxylic Acids↗

PubMed2001

Transplantation of infantile bladder in rats: an alternative procedure for bladder augmentation.

BACKGROUND: Our purpose was to evaluate whether bladder transplantation (BTx) can be used for bladder augmentation (BA). METHODS: Bladders from infantile Brown-Norway rats (less than 21 days old) were excised and each transplanted into a pouch created in the distal omentum of a 6-week-old Lewis rat (fully allogeneic BTx). No immunosuppressant was used in group I (n=12). Intramuscular FK506 was used daily from the day of BTx in group II (n=16; 0.2 mg/kg), group III (n=22; 0.6 mg/kg), and group IV (n=16; 1.2 mg/kg) until harvesting 3, 4, 5, or 6 weeks after BTx. FK506 was used for only 2 weeks in group V (n=12; 0.6 mg/kg/day) and group VI (n=12; 1.2 mg/kg/day). Syngeneic bladder transplants acted as controls (n=16). Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to examine all grafts. In six rats from group III, BA was performed by anastomosing the graft to the recipient bladder 10 days after BTx. RESULTS: Each successfully transplanted graft appeared macroscopically as a thin-walled cyst. Rejection was seen in all grafts from groups I, II, V, and VI, and was minimal or absent in groups III and IV. On medium to long-term follow-up the only side effect of FK506 observed was reduced weight gain. Graft survival in the control group was 100%. BA was successful in all six cases, and the mucosa was normal throughout each augmented bladder. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report of the successful transplantation of infantile tissue without vascular anastomosis. Because of the efficient, safe immunosuppression possible with FK506, our BTx technique could find clinical application for creating viable vesical tissue that could be used for BA.

Animals↗

PubMed2001

Aortic and mitral valve replacement in a patient with acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis (Sweet's syndrome): report of a case.

A 29-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with severe orthopnea, fever, and acute dermatosis. She had a 5-year history of episodic acute neutrophilic dermatosis and peripheral leukocytosis following a high fever, which were symptoms consistent with a diagnosis of Sweet's syndrome. Echocardiography revealed remarkable dysfunction of the left ventricle due to severe aortic regurgitation, which had not been present at a previous admission when mild mitral regurgitation was detected. The aortic and mitral valves were replaced with prosthetic valves on an emergency basis. The leaflets of the aortic valve were very thin and appeared fragile. The anterior leaflet of the mitral valve showed severe prolapse due to the torn chordae and hypoplasia of the posterior strut chordae. Her postoperative course was uneventful. Microscopic examination revealed fibrosal degeneration and the infiltration of lymphocytes and macrophages into both heart valves. This may be the first case report of valvulitis and Sweet's syndrome occurring simultaneously.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

Coronary artery bypass grafting in patients on chronic hemodialysis: surgical outcome in diabetic nephropathy versus nondiabetic nephropathy patients.

BACKGROUND: The presence of diabetes mellitus adversely affects the late survival of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). The purpose of this study is to clarify the role of diabetic nephropathy on outcomes of a group of patients on chronic hemodialysis undergoing CABG. METHODS: Between April 1984 and July 1999, 45 patients on chronic hemodialysis underwent CABG. Forty-three had conventional CABG and 2 had off-pump CABG. There were 37 males and 8 females, and the mean age was 57 years (43 to 76 years). Twenty-one patients had diabetic nephropathy (group D) and 24 had nondiabetic nephropathy (group ND). Early and late results were determined in both groups. RESULTS: Early outcome was not significantly different between the groups. There was no hospital mortality, stroke, or requirement for prolonged mechanical ventilation (>24 hours) in either group. No patients in group D, and only 1 (4.2%) in group ND had low cardiac output syndrome. The difference in the incidence of arrhythmias (23.8% in group D and 25% in group ND), wound infections (9.5% in group D and 8.3% in group ND), and delayed tamponade (5% in group D and 12.5% in group ND) was not statistically significant. However, late results differed significantly between the two groups. Actuarial survival (Kaplan-Meier) at 5 and 9 years was 22.9% and 11.5% in group D and 89.1% and 45.7% in group ND (p = 0.01), respectively. Similarly, the cardiac event-free rate at the same intervals was 50.4% and 0% for group D and 100% and 65.8% for group ND (p = 0.001), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Using present technology, CABG can be done in patients on chronic hemodialysis with acceptable early mortality and morbidity. Late results in patients with diabetic nephropathy on hemodialysis are not as favorable as their nondiabetic cohort.

Aged↗

PubMed2001

Tubal compliance--changes with age and in tubal malfunction.

OBJECTIVE: It is known that eustachian tubal compliance has influence on the tubal function. We applied the direct measurement method to ascertain whether or not aging and tubal diseases are related to the compliance of the cartilaginous part of the eustachian tube. METHODS: We developed a method for directly measuring tubal compliance by inserting a balloon catheter, which is inflated with water, into the eustachian tube and comparing the change in balloon pressure with the balloon volume. This method is advantageous in that one can directly measure tubal compliance in the cartilaginous part of the eustachian tube. Using this method we examined tubal compliance in 16 normal young volunteer ears, 21 normal elderly volunteer ears, 11 elderly ears with patulous tube and 12 elderly ears with stenotic tube including otitis media with effusion. RESULTS: In adults the tubal compliance increases in value with age. Tubal compliance of the elderly patulous tube was significantly higher than that of the normal elderly one, on the other hand the compliance of the elderly stenotic tube was significantly lower than that of the normal one. CONCLUSION: Tubal compliance was considered to be changed with aging and influence of the patulous and stenotic tubes.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

A case of biliary atresia with duplication of the common bile duct.

The authors report a case of biliary atresia (BA) with duplication of the common bile duct. A 1-month-old girl was referred for investigation of persistent jaundice. BA was suspected and confirmed with intraoperative cholangiography. A portoenterostomy was performed at 50 days of age. During dissection of the fibrous remnant of the common bile duct, a separate fibrous bile duct remnant running in parallel on the left, was identified. Histologically, there was bile duct proliferation at the porta hepatis of the left bile duct remnant. A diagnosis of BA with duplicated common bile duct was made. Postoperative course was uneventful, and at a follow-up assessment at 7 months, she was jaundice free, and her progress has been unremarkable.

Biliary Atresia↗

PubMed2001

Infantile cholestatic jaundice associated with adult-onset type II citrullinemia.

Adult-onset type II citrullinemia, characterized by a liver-specific argininosuccinate synthetase deficiency, is caused by a deficiency of citrin that is encoded by the SLC25A13 gene. Three patients with infantile cholestatic jaundice were found to have mutations of the SLC25A13 gene. Adult-onset type II citrullinemia may be associated with infantile cholestatic disease.

Biopsy↗

PubMed2001

Effects of medium-chain fatty acids on intracellular calcium levels and the cytoskeleton in human intestinal (Caco-2) cell monolayers.

The effects of medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA) on intracellular calcium (Ca2+) levels and actin filaments in the Caco-2 monolayer were investigated. A site-dependent increase in intracellular Ca2+ levels caused by decanoic acid (C10) at 13 mM was observed by confocal laser scanning microscopy. The area in which the intracellular Ca2+ levels was increased was measured by image analysis, and increased to 11% of the total area of the monolayer within 1 minute. This was maintained for 5 minutes, and decreased thereafter. The other MCFAs did not significantly increase the intracellular Ca2+ levels. Obvious morphological changes of actin filaments were induced by only C10 among C8-C14. The area in which actin filaments were depleted was also quantified, and the increase in area became significant after 40 minutes. The area of the actin-depleted spot corresponded to the area occupied by 5 to 10 cells as well as that in which the intracellular Ca2+ level was increased. The effectiveness of only C10 suggested that the mechanism of the absorption enhancement by C10 would be different from that by the other MCFAs, or that C10 has some additional physiological functions although the mechanism of the enhancement is the same as for the other MCFAs.

Actins↗

PubMed2001

Papillary carcinoma occurring within an adenomatous goiter of the thyroid gland in Cowden's disease.

Cowden's disease is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by multiple benign and malignant neoplastic lesions involving many organs. The presence of characteristic cutaneous lesions is crucial for the diagnosis. Thyroid disease is a major extracutaneous manifestation of this disease; however, the histologic characteristics have not been described in detail. We report a case of thyroid tumor associated with Cowden's disease. Grossly, the tumor showed a multinodular appearance, like an adenomatous goiter. Microscopically, it consisted of follicular adenomas with a trabecular pattern. Some of the nodules had a second component resembling papillary carcinoma. This was thought to be a unique histological feature not described previously, and might be specific to thyroid tumor associated with Cowden's disease.

Adenoma↗

PubMed2001

Coronary artery bypass grafting with cardiopulmonary bypass is safe and contributes to favorable long-term results.

The aim of this study was to determine the indication for minimally invasive direct coronary artery surgery based on the operative and long-term results of conventional coronary artery bypass grafting with cardiopulmonary bypass. Operative results: The subjects included 505 patients who underwent isolated elective coronary artery bypass grafting with cardiopulmonary bypass from January 1995 through August 1999. The mean age at the time of surgery was 61.9 and the mean number of grafts per patient was 2.6. Long-term results: From January 1984 to December 1995, a total of 907 patients received coronary artery bypass grafting with cardiopulmonary bypass using the internal thoracic artery to the left anterior descending artery with or without saphenous vein grafts to other coronary arteries. The rates of complete and incomplete revascularization were 69.3% (n = 629) and 30.7% (n = 278), respectively. Mean follow-up was 5.95+/-3.0 years. The operative results revealed low output syndrome occurred in 14 patients (2.8%), perioperative myocardial infarction with the appearance of new Q-waves in 5 (1.0%), renal failure requiring transient dialysis in 16 (3.2%), stroke with persistent sequelae in 5 (1.0%), and mediastinitis in 5 (1.0%). Two patients (0.4%) died in the hospital. The long-term results for the 907 patients revealed the 10-year actuarial survival, 10-year cardiac death free, and 10-year cardiac event free rates were 85.7%, 94.1%, and 77.3%, respectively. The 10-year survival rates was 88.4% among patients receiving complete revascularization and 79.3% among those receiving incomplete revascularization (p = 0.0334). The 10-year cardiac death free rate among patients undergoing complete revascularization was 96.3% and 88.7% among those receiving incomplete revascularization (p = 0.0016). The 10-year cardiac event free rates were 82.3% and 67.9%) among patients undergoing complete and incomplete revascularization, respectively (p = 0.0118). In view of the favorable operative and long-term results of conventional coronary artery bypass grafting, especially complete revascularization, we conclude that minimally invasive direct coronary artery grafting is an appropriate treatment for multi-vessel disease in carefully selected patients at a high risk for stroke and major comorbidities due to old age.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

Relationship between plasma homocysteine levels and saphenous vein graft disease after coronary artery bypass grafts.

The long-term efficacy of coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery is limited by saphenous vein graft (SVG) disease. Elevated levels of plasma homocysteine are a known independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. However, its influence on the patency of SVG is unknown. To determine whether plasma homocysteine levels are related to SVG disease after CABG we measured homocysteine levels in 80 patients who underwent CABG (age: 64+/-8, interval after bypass surgery: 6.4+/-3.1, range: 1-13 years). The patients were divided into a vein graft disease group (more than 50% angiographical stenosis in any vein graft, n=40) and a no-vein graft disease group (<50% stenosis in any vein graft, n=40). The presence of a mutation in the 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene was also determined by polymerase chain reaction. Homocysteine levels in the vein graft disease group were significantly higher than in the no-vein graft disease group (11.2 vs. 9.1 micromol/l, p=0.01). Multiple regression analysis showed that the interval after CABG was an independent factor for SVG disease (odds ratio: 1.014, 95% confidence intervals: 1.003-1.025, p=0.013) and elevated levels of homocysteine tended to be an independent factor for SVG disease (odds ratio: 1.098, 95% confidence intervals: 0.994-1.213, p=0.067). There was no significant difference in MTHFR genotypes between the two groups. These findings indicate that elevated levels of plasma homocysteine are related to SVG disease after CABG.

Case-Control Studies↗