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Biomedical subjects

Y Horii

Publications and source records attributed to Y Horii.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Cigarette smoking and voice fundamental frequency.

The effects of long-term cigarette smoking were examined in a series of phonatory tasks. The results indicated that a significant difference existed between the fundamental frequency of the male smokers and the male nonsmokers in the oral reading and spontaneous speech tasks. Differences between the fo values of the female smokers and nonsmokers in these tasks were not significant, but the same trends were notes. Results of the fo analysis of the sustained vowel phonations were not significant, but showed the same trend; that is, the smokers had lower fundamental frequency values than the nonsmokers.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Airway resistance during esophageal phonation.

Prosthesis airway resistance calculations were completed for five Blom-Singer prostheses and esophageal source airway resistance estimates were made of five laryngectomized patients using the Singer-Blom voice restoration method. Airway resistance of the Blom-Singer prostheses ranged from 46 to 121 cmH20/LPS, while source airway resistance in these-subjects ranged from about 155 to 270 cmH20/LPS. These results revealed that the opposition of the voicing sources used in esophageal speech production to airflow through them is substantial and larger than that established for the normal, laryngeal source. Findings are interpreted to highlight major advantages the Singer-Blom (1980) method of speech/voice restoration has over esophageal speech/voice produced on a conventional basis and to reveal specific reasons for the failure of many laryngectomized patients to develop consistent voice and functionally serviceable speech.

Airway Resistance↗
PubMed1982

Some voice fundamental frequency characteristics of oral reading and spontaneous speech by hard-of-hearing young women.

Fundamental frequency (f) characteristics of 12 hard-of-hearing young women were compared with those of 12 normal-hearing control subjects during oral reading and spontaneous speech. The normal-hearing individuals almost always used greater mean f omicron and variability for oral reading than for spontaneous speech, but the hard-of-hearing subjects did not. On the average, greater f means and smaller f standard deviations were observed for the hard-of-hearing group than for the control group, regardless of the speaking conditions. In addition f distributions of the hard-of-hearing subjects were characterized by negative skewness whereas those of the normal-hearing subjects were positively skewed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Effect of carboquone (esquinone) on the development of urinary bladder tumors in rats induced by N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl) nitrosamine].

The effect of carboquone (CQ) by intraperitoneal administration on the development of urinary bladder tumors in Wistar strain male rats induced by N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl) nitrosamine (BBN) was studied. Urinary bladder tumors were induced in 9 of 11 rats (81.8%) when they were given 0.05% BBN in drinking water for 8 weeks and then given water without BBN for 12 weeks. When CQ 0.25 mg/kg/day was administered intraperitoneally for 7 days after treatment with 0.05% BBN for 8 weeks, incidence of urinary bladder tumors was 19 of 26 rats (73.1%). When CQ 0.25 mg/kg/weekly was given for 12 weeks after treatment with BBN, incidence of urinary bladder tumors was 17 of 27 rats (63.0%). When CQ 0.5mg/kg. B.W./day was given for 7 days after treatment with BBN, tumors developed in the urinary bladder with low incidence as in 8 of 20 rats (40.0%) (P 0.1). When CQ 0.5mg/kg/weekly was given for 12 weeks after treatment of BBN, urinary bladder tumors were induced in 17 of 22 rats (77.3%). Hematotoxity was not observed in any animals treated with CQ. These results showed that CQ inhibited the development of urinary bladder tumors induced by BBN in rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Vocal shimmer in sustained phonation.

Vocal shimmer during the sustained phonation of /a/, /i/, /u/ was investigated for thirty-one adult male speakers using an automatic analysis program. The results showed an overall average shimmer of 0.39 dB with a critical value of 0.98 dB. Significant correlations were found among shimmer, jitter and fo standard deviation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Age and changes in vocal jitter.

Small cycle-to-cycle variations of voice fundamental frequency (vocal jitter) were examined for sustained phonations of vowels (/i,a,u/) produced by 20 young adults and 20 older adults. Jitter was measured by an automatic fundamental frequency tracking program which utilized a peak-picking method of voice analysis. Results showed that the average jitter of the older adults was significantly greater than that of the young adults. It was also found that the jitter magnitudes differed significantly among the vowels. Implications of the findings to aging effects on voice and early detection of laryngeal dysfunction were discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Long-time spectral and intensity characteristics of esophageal speech.

Long-time spectral characteristics and distributional properties of speech intensity produced by esophageal speakers were measured and compared with those of normal speakers. Substantial differences were observed in the distributional properties of speech intensity produced by normal and esophageal talkers. On the average, esophageal speech was about 10 dB less intense than normal speech. In addition, the average long-time spectrum for esophageal speech was characterized by a flattened spectral envelope. Other spectral differences between esophageal and normal speech were found and interpreted in terms of the known variations in voice and speech production of these two divergent forms of oral communication.

Aged↗