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Biomedical subjects

Y Horie

Publications and source records attributed to Y Horie.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Effect of lipopolysaccharides on erythrocyte flow velocity in rat liver.

Although endotoxin exacerbates hepatic microcirculatory disturbance, little is known of the way in which it acts on the hepatic microcirculation. We measured endotoxin-induced changes in hepatic microcirculation and investigated the effect of endotoxin on hepatic microcirculation in rats. After male Wistar rats were anesthetized, a lobe of the liver was observed with an inverted intravital microscope. Erythrocytes (RBC) were labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) and injected. The flow velocity (FV) of FITC-RBC in sinusoids was measured with an off-line velocimeter. Portal pressure (PP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were measured with a catheter cannulated in the portal vein and the left carotid artery, respectively. After a small dose (1 mg/kg) of endotoxin had been administered intravenously, FV decreased and PP increased gradually after 30 min. MAP showed no significant change, except for an initial decrease. However, when 5 mg/kg of endotoxin was administered, FV and PP increased, with a peak at 10 min, which was not observed with the small dose. In the late phase, FV decreased and PP increased, as was seen with the small dose. Endotoxin increased serum aspartate aminotransferase and lactate dehydrogenase activities. These results suggest that endotoxin induces hepatic microcirculatory disturbance, which may cause liver injury.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1997

Metastatic Crohn's disease involving the penis.

Metastatic Crohn's disease is a rare complication in Crohn's disease and there have been only several cases of metastatic Crohn's disease involving the penis. We report one such case. A 22-year-old male student developed anal pain and alternative constipation and diarrhea in December, 1985, followed by diarrhea and lower abdominal pain in January, 1986. He was diagnosed as having Crohn's disease of ileocolitis type. He was admitted to our hospital in July, 1987 because of exacerbation of Crohn's disease. He had anal tags. Soon after admission, two red swollen lesions with central ulcer and erosions were demonstrated at the eversion of the foreskin adjacent to coronal sulcus. Histology of the lesions revealed granulomas with epithelioid cells and giant cells. The lesion responded to a topical steroid. Eight cases of metastatic Crohn's disease involving the penis are briefly reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Conserved structural features of nonstructural glycoprotein NSP4 between group A and group C rotaviruses.

The nonstructural glycoprotein NSP4 of group C human rotavirus strain Ehime 9301 was determined to be 150 amino acids in length and 96% identical with the NSP4 of another group C human rotavirus strain Bristol. Both NSP4 sequences were virtually unrelated to group A rotavirus NSP4s. However, the structural features of group A and group C rotavirus NSP4s were similar with hydrophobic domains being in the amino terminus and a coiled coil domain after the membrane-spanning domain, although group C rotavirus NSP4 lacked one amino-terminal hydrophobic domain.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1997

Oxidative stress on mitochondria and cell membrane of cultured rat hepatocytes and perfused liver exposed to ethanol.

BACKGROUND & AIMS: The precise pathogenic significance of oxidative injury in the evolution of alcohol-induced liver disease is still obscure. The present report was designed to investigate whether ethanol alters the production of active oxidants and biological activities of hepatocytes. METHODS: The following parameters in rat hepatocytes were investigated by using fluorescence probes in vitro and ex vivo: (1) mitochondrial membrane potential and membrane permeability transition, (2) oxygen radicals generation, (3) membrane barrier function, and (4) glutathione level. RESULTS: Ethanol (50 mmol/L) increased oxidative stress in hepatocytes and subsequently induced an increased mitochondrial permeability transition and a decreased membrane potential. These ethanol-induced alterations were attenuated by an inhibitor of alcohol dehydrogenase and an intracellular oxidant scavenger, whereas they were enhanced by diethyl maleic acid, a glutathione depletor. Ethanol plus diethyl maleic acid but not ethanol alone increased the number of hepatocytes with membrane barrier dysfunction. A continuous infusion of ethanol (50 mmol/L) increased oxidative stress and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential in the pericentral area of isolated perfused rat liver. CONCLUSIONS: Active oxidants generated during ethanol metabolism increase mitochondrial permeability transition and modulate mitochondrial energy synthesis in hepatocytes. Reduction of glutathione level enhances mitochondrial dysfunction and impairs membrane barrier function of hepatocytes.

Alcohol Dehydrogenase↗
PubMed1997

Thrombophlebitis of the inferior vena cava involving the retroperitoneum with Crohn's disease: MR demonstration.

We present a case of thrombophlebitis of the inferior vena cava (IVC) with Crohn's disease after intestinal perforation and prolonged indwelling of a catheter in the IVC. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated abnormal thickening and enhancement of the IVC wall. In addition, IVC thrombus formation was shown. The abnormal enhancement extended from the wall in the pericaval tissue and into the retroperitoneum, and regressed as the Crohn's disease subsided.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Antigenic similarities to Paracoccidioides brasiliensis in thermo-dependent dimorphic fungi isolated from soil in Botucatu, SP, Brazil.

We compared the antigenic characteristics of two thermo-dependent dimorphic fungi isolated from soil in Botucatu, an endemic area of paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) and Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. The soil isolates grew as cerebriform colonies at 37 degrees C (yeast form) and as cottonous colonies at 25 degrees C (mycelial form). No pathogenicity for ddY mice or hamsters were observed. In immunodiffusion test, there were precipitation bands between the 2 soil isolates and pooled PCM patient sera. There were also common precipitation bands at 21, 50 and 58 kDa between the soil isolates antigens and PCM patient sera by Western-blotting, but no gp43 kDa band. No gene for gp 43 kDa protein was detected in the soil isolates by PCR. The fact that these isolates were obtained from an endemic area of PCM and there were some antigenic similarities between the soil isolates and P. brasiliensis in immunodiffusion test and Western-blotting may have some importance in epidemiological surveys done with paracoccidioidin as well interfering with the immune response of the exposed population.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Three major alleles of rotavirus NSP4 proteins identified by sequence analysis.

Comparison of nonstructural glycoprotein NSP4 gene sequences from 22 rotavirus strains originating from six host species and of 14 different combinations of G and P types revealed the presence of three distinct NSP4 alleles, represented by strains Wa, KUN and AU-1. Genetic distances between any of these alleles (18.0%) were significantly greater than those within each allele (5.5%) and phylogenetic analysis suggested that divergence into three distinct alleles had occurred at about the same time during evolution. While amino acid variation among strains was minimal in the amino-terminal two-thirds of the protein (aa 1-130), variability increased toward the carboxy terminus of the enterotoxic peptide region (aa 114-135) and was greatest between residues 135 and 141. Comparison of the amino acid sequences corresponding to the enterotoxic peptide region between strains isolated from asymptomatic neonates and those from children with diarrhoea failed to identify any conserved changes that correlated with the capacity of the virus to cause disease. Amino acids were relatively conserved in the domains important for viral morphogenesis.

Alleles↗
PubMed1997

Role of nitric oxide in gut ischemia-reperfusion-induced hepatic microvascular dysfunction.

The overall objective of this study was to assess the contribution of an altered bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO) to the leukocyte adhesion and hypoxic stress elicited in the liver by gut ischemia-reperfusion (I/R). The accumulation of leukocytes, number of nonperfused sinusoids (NPS), and NADH autofluorescence were monitored (by intravital microscopy) in mouse liver after 15 min of superior mesenteric artery occlusion and 60 min of reperfusion. Leukostasis, NPS, and NADH autofluorescence (indicating hypoxia) were all increased in the liver at 60 min after gut I/R. The NO synthase inhibitor NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA) exaggerated the liver leukostasis elicited by gut I/R, responses that were prevented by coadministration of L-arginine. The NO donor diethylenetriamine-NO (DETA-NO) and L-arginine were both effective in attenuating the gut I/R-induced leukostasis and increased NADH autofluorescence, whereas neither DETA nor D-arginine exerted a protective action. These findings indicate that NO is an important determinant of the liver leukostasis, impaired sinusoidal perfusion, and tissue hypoxia elicited by gut I/R.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1997

MRI appearances of fascioliasis complicating liver iron overload.

A case of hepatic fascioliasis with an unusual appearance on MRI due to liver iron overload is presented. The diagnosis of fascioliasis was based on positive serological tests and the presence of eggs in the bile. Hepatic lesions of fascioliasis exhibited hyperintense signals on T1 weighted images as well as proton density and T2 weighted images. Histological study of biopsy specimens from the lesions showed central necrosis and peripheral fibrosis with inflammatory cells including eosinophils. Abundant iron deposition in hepatocytes and Kupffer cells was found in specimens from the surrounding liver. These findings suggested that this appearance on MR images was probably due to a decrease in signal intensity in surrounding liver.

Fascioliasis↗
PubMed1997

Effect of interferon-gamma on lymphocyte cell subsets in human large bowel: a study using organ culture method.

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of interferon (IFN)-gamma on normal colonic lamina propria lymphocyte subsets in humans using organ culture method. Lamina propria lymphocyte subsets in normal colonic biopsy tissues receiving 1 x 10(5) u/ml of IFN-gamma (IFN-gamma-treated group) were investigated in comparison with those cultured in medium only (IFN-gamma-non-treated group) for 24 hr. CD8-positive cells and IgG, IgA1 and IgM-containing cells were elevated in the IFN-gamma-treated group compared with those in the IFN-gamma-non-treated group, which was similar to immunological changes in mucosal lesions of inflammatory bowel disease.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1997

[Long-term effects of a selective alpha 1-adrenergic inhibitor on right and left ventricular masses in patients with chronic pulmonary disease].

We examined the effect of one year of treatment with the selective alpha 1-adrenergic inhibitor doxazosin on right ventricular mass (RV mass), left ventricular mass (LV mass), and arterial blood gases. The subjects were 24 outpatients (18 men and 6 women, mean age 68.3 +/- 9.4 years) with chronic pulmonary disease complicated by hypertension who were clinically stable. One year of drug therapy was associated with significant decreases both in systolic pressure (159 +/- 15.2 vs 125.8 +/- 14.1 mmHg, p < 0.05, n = 24), and in LV mass index (101.0 +/- 13.4 vs 97.6 +/- 11.8 gm-2, p < 0.05), n = 24). We obtained the RV mass index by multiplying the thallium score RV/LV count and the LV mass index obtained by echocardiography. One year of drug therapy was associated with a significant increase in RV mass index (42.9 +/- 31.2 vs 53.6 +/- 30.5 gm-2, p < 0.05, n = 8). Vital capacity decreased (2.18 +/- 1.95 vs 1.95 +/- 0.57 l, p < 0.05, n = 24), but PaO2 improved (77.3 +/- 17.2 vs 82.2 +/- 2.4 mmHg, p < 0.05, n = 24). These data indicate that doxazosin can decrease blood pressure and can depress the left ventricle with no adverse effect on oxygenation in patients with chronic pulmonary disease complicated by hypertension. The worsening of RV hypertrophy may have been caused by a mechanism different from the one that caused LV hypertrophy, and by an increase in the work load on the right ventricles secondary to lung deterioration.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗
PubMed1996

Marked elevation of plasma carcinoembryonic antigen and stomach carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: This study was undertaken to clarify the relationship between marked elevation of plasma carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and signet ring cell carcinoma of the stomach. METHODS: To elucidate the contributing factor of extreme elevation of plasma CEA value, the histologic and biochemical records for 310 cases of stomach carcinoma, including 202 advanced and 108 early, collected between 1980 to 1994 from the San-in Rosai Hospital and Tottori University Hospital were studied. Immunohistochemical localization of CEA in the stomach was performed using a peroxidase antiperoxidase (PAP) staining technique. RESULTS: Among 310 cases of gastric carcinoma, 44 (14%) had abnormal plasma CEA values. The positivity rates of early and advanced gastric carcinoma were 3.7% (4/18) and 19% (40/202), respectively. Concerning advanced gastric carcinoma, 20 cases had more than 51 ng/mL, and 20 cases had between 5 ng/mL and 50 ng/mL. Four cases with plasma CEA values of more than 1,000 ng/mL had histological signet ring cell carcinoma (one case), and poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma with signet ring cell carcinoma (2 cases). Three cases of signet ring cell carcinoma or poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of the stomach were massive local infiltration rather than hepatic metastasis. Among 40 cases with elevated plasma CEA, a multivariate regression analysis showed that only one variable (lymph node metastasis) was an independent factor (P < 0.05). Significantly higher rates of peritoneal metastasis (P < 0.0001) and lymph node metastasis (P < 0.05) were observed in patients with marked elevations of plasma CEA than in patients with moderate elevations of plasma CEA. No correlation was obtained between plasma CEA value and several biochemical tests. CONCLUSIONS: Marked elevation of plasma CEA may be found in the absence of liver metastasis from signet ring or poorly differentiated gastric carcinoma. Patients with marked elevations of CEA also had lymphatic and peritoneal dissemination.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1996

Effects of nimesulide, a preferential cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, on carrageenan-induced pleurisy and stress-induced gastric lesions in rats.

Intrapleural injection of carrageenan in rats increased prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production and induced newly synthesized cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in pleural exudate cells without affecting COX-1 levels. Nimesulide, a preferential inhibitor of COX-2, reduced pleural PGE2 production and was almost as active as indomethacin and 10 times more active than ibuprofen. Only COX-1, and nc COX-2, was detected in gastric mucosal cells, and PGE2 concentration of gastric mucosa was significantly decreased by indomethacin and ibuprofen. The decrease in gastric PGE2 production induced by indomethacin and ibuprofen was enhanced in stressed rats, resulting in aggravation of stress-induced gastric lesions at anti-inflammatory doses. However, nimesulide did not produce stress-induced gastric lesions even at 30 times the anti-inflammatory dose. This supports the hypothesis that inhibition of COX-1 causes unwanted side effects and inhibition of COX-2 produces anti-inflammatory effects.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Leukocyte adhesion and hepatic microvascular responses to intestinal ischemia/reperfusion in rats.

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Although it has been reported that gut ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) elicits neutrophil-dependent liver dysfunction, little is known about the kinetics of leukocyte accumulation in the hepatic microcirculation after gut I/R. The aim of this study was to determine the temporal relationship between leukocyte sequestration and oxidative stress in rat liver after occlusion (30 minutes) and reperfusion (60 minutes) of the superior mesenteric artery and assess the effects of neutrophil depletion or immunoneutralization of either intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) or the leukocyte adhesion glycoprotein CD11/CD18 on the hepatic microvascular responses to gut I/R. METHODS: Leukocyte accumulation, number of nonperfused sinusoids, and autofluorescence of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) were monitored using intravital videomicroscopy both before and after gut I/R. RESULTS: The number of adherent leukocytes in both midzonal and pericentral regions after gut I/R was elevated. Autofluorescence of NADH increased after reperfusion (indicating hypoxia), particularly in the pericentral region. Neutrophil depletion or antibodies to either ICAM-1 or CD11/CD18 blunted the gut I/R-induced increases in NADH autofluorescence in the pericentral region, leukocyte adherence, and nonperfused sinusoids. CONCLUSIONS: Leukocytes accumulate in the liver after gut I/R via interaction of CD11/CD18 and ICAM-1. The leukocytes appear to mediate an oxidative stress, occurring in proximity to nonperfused sinusoids, that may contribute to liver injury.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Indications for cisternal irrigation with urokinase in postoperative patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage.

The use of cisternal drainage can lead to complications such as shunt-dependent hydrocephalus and meningitis. We assessed the indications for cisternal irrigation with urokinase in postoperative patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH). The SAH scores by CT on admission and on the day after surgery were used to evaluate two parameters: the total amount of subarachnoid blood on admission and the clearance rate of subarachnoid blood by surgery. In patients whose parameters values belonged to the range where the total SAH score on admission exceeded 10 points and the surgical clearance rate was less than 50%, the possibility of cerebral infarction was significantly higher in patients without than in those with irrigation (p < 0.05). However, there was no difference between patients with and without irrigation for parameter values outside of the range. Therefore, this range may be useful in providing stricter indications for irrigation therapy with urokinase and thus avoiding the complications of cisternal drainage.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Cimetidine in the treatment of porphyria cutanea tarda.

The efficacy of the H2 receptor antagonist, cimetidine, in the treatment of a patient with porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT) was evaluated. After administration of cimetidine for 2 weeks, urinary excretion of uroporphyrin (UP) and coproporphyrin (CP) was significantly decreased. Urinary porphyrin levels remained low even after the cessation of cimetidine for 1 week. Although the readministration of cimetidine did not decrease porphyrin excretion, skin lesions were markedly improved, and serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), aminotransferases and serum ferritin decreased to the normal range. These results suggest that, in addition to efficacy in the treatment of acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) and erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP), cimetidine is effective in the treatment of PCT.

Cimetidine↗
PubMed1996

Rupture of metastatic nodule on the peritoneal surface secondary to hepatocellular carcinoma.

A 20-year-old man with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) died of intraperitoneal bleeding from ruptured HCC, which was diagnostic from hemorrhagic ascites. At autopsy, a small nodule covered with hematogenous deposits was noted in the pelvic cavity near the left iliac artery. Microscopic findings showed that this was a ruptured metastatic nodule from HCC. Rupture of a metastatic nodule from HCC, especially one located on the peritoneal surface, has rarely been reported in the literature.

Adult↗