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Biomedical subjects

Y Homma

Publications and source records attributed to Y Homma.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Rales in silicosis. A correlative study with physiological and radiological abnormalities.

Pulmonary auscultation, pulmonary function tests and radiological examination were done in 127 hospitalized patients with silicosis. Fine crackle (FC) was heard in 21.3% of patients, coarse crackle (CC) in 28.5%, rhonchi or wheeze (RorW) in 25.2% and friction rub (FR) in 5.5%. In complicated silicosis the incidence of rales was paradoxically lower than in simple silicosis (54.6 vs. 83.3%, respectively, p less than 0.05). In simple silicosis, patients with CC and/or RorW had lower %VC and FEV1/FVC%, but in complicated silicosis, the relation between the presence of rales and pulmonary functional status was not so apparent. These results suggest that in relatively advanced silicosis, all kinds of rales are heard, and in simple silicosis, rales are useful indicators of physiological impairment, but in complicated silicosis, they do not seem to be so useful.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Isolation and characterization of terpentecin, a new antitumor antibiotic.

A new antitumor antibiotic, terpentecin was isolated from the culture broth of strain MF730-N6. Strain MF730-N6, isolated from soil, was found to belong to the genus Kitasatosporia. The antibiotic was extracted with chloroform, purified by column chromatography using silica gel and Diaion HP-20 successively, and finally purified by high performance reverse-phase thin layer chromatography. The molecular formula of terpentecin was determined to be C20H28O6 (molecular weight, 364). The antibiotic inhibited the growth of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, and prolonged the survival period of mice bearing leukemia L-1210, P388 and Ehrlich ascites carcinoma.

Actinomycetales↗
PubMed1985

Inhibition of carcinogenesis by alpha-difluoromethylornithine in heterotopically transplanted rat urinary bladders.

Inhibitory effects of alpha-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) on urinary bladder carcinogenesis were examined using the heterotopically transplanted rat urinary bladder (HTB) model. Male Fischer rats with an HTB were arbitrarily divided into four groups. Group 1 rats received into the HTBs 0.25 mg of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) once a week for 3 weeks, followed by instillation twice a week of 0.5 ml of 2% DFMO dissolved in normal rat urine. Group 2 rats received the same amount of MNU, followed by instillation of urine without DFMO. Group 3 rats received a single dose of 0.25 mg of MNU, followed by instillation twice a week of urine containing 2% DFMO. Group 4 rats were treated as those in Group 3 but without DFMO. At 8, 14, and 20 weeks after the last MNU administration, urothelial polyamine levels and [3H] thymidine incorporation by the urothelium of HTBs were determined in nine rats of Groups 1 and 2. The remaining animals of Groups 1 and 2 were killed 25 weeks after the beginning of MNU injection, while those of Groups 3 and 4, 30 weeks after the MNU treatment. The contents of 3 polyamines (putrescine, spermidine, and spermine) in urothelial cells were significantly lower in Group 1 as compared with Group 2. The incidences of carcinoma were significantly lower in the groups treated with DFMO (p less than 0.001, Group 1 versus Group 2; p less than 0.005, Group 3 versus Group 4). These observations indicate that administration of DFMO inhibits (or retards) bladder carcinogenesis in HTBs. A possible mechanism for this effect is suppression of polyamine biosynthesis and proliferation of bladder epithelial cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Increase in the density of lighter low density lipoprotein by hepatic triglyceride lipase.

The role of HTGL in LDL metabolism was investigated. HTGL was separated from the postheparin plasma (PHP) by heparin-Sepharose affinity chromatography. 125I-LDL1 (1.019 less than d less than 1.045) was incubated in fasting plasma with or without HTGL at 37 degrees C for six hours. VLDL, IDL, LDL1, LDL2 (1.045 less than d less than 1.063), and HDL (d greater than 1.063) were harvested at 0, 180 and 360 minutes of incubation by ultracentrifugation, and the radioactivities in all lipoprotein fractions and the specific activities of apoprotein B in LDL1 and LDL2 were measured. Consistent small increments of the radioactivities were observed in all lipoprotein fractions except for the substrate, LDL1. When 125I-LDL1 was incubated with HTGL, LDL2 radioactivities increased significantly with the concomitant decrease in LDL1 radioactivities. The changes in VLDL, IDL and HDL radioactivities were similar to those with the incubation without HTGL. The specific activities of apoprotein B in LDL1 were constant throughout the incubation with and without HTGL. HTGL accelerated the increase in the specific activities of apoprotein B in LDL2. We concluded that HTGL removed the triglycerides and phospholipids from the lighter LDL fraction and increased the density.

Apolipoproteins B↗
PubMed1984

Isolation of a DNA plasmid in the fungus Rhizoctonia solani.

A DNA plasmid, designated pRS64, was detected in three isolates of anastomosis group 4 (AG-4) of Rhizoctonia solani Kühn by biophysical methods. The plasmid was a linear double-stranded DNA with a molecular weight of 1.68 +/- 0.06 X 10(6) or 2617 +/- 87 bp. Weakly pathogenic isolates of R. solani, 1668 RI-1, 1271 RI-64 and 1272 RI-1, which showed abnormally slow growth, contained the plasmids, but pathogenic isolates, 1668, 1271 and 1272, showing normal growth, contained no detectable plasmid DNA.

DNA, Fungal↗
PubMed1984

The changes in plasma lipoproteins in a case of heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia after plasmapheresis.

The changes in plasma lipoproteins after plasmapheresis were estimated in a case of heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia. Two and a half liters of plasma were exchanged with the same volume of Plasmanate. The effects of cholestyramine on the changes in plasma lipoproteins were also studied after the second plasmapheresis. Fasting plasma was collected serially, and plasma VLDL, IDL, LDL1 (1.019 less than d less than 1.045), LDL2 (1.045 less than d less than 1.063), HDL2 (1.063 less than d less than 1.125) and HDL3 (d greater than 1.125) were separated by ultracentrifugation. The cholesterol and apoprotein contents in these lipoprotein fractions were analyzed. Apoprotein AI, AII, B, CII and E were measured by single radial immunodiffusion. VLDL-C and plasma apoprotein CII and E increased very rapidly. The IDL-C increase was slightly slower than that of VLDL-C. LDL1-C continued to increase for three weeks, but LDL2-C reached a plateau around a week after plasmapheresis and declined thereafter. The change of apoprotein B was similar to that of cholesterol in VLDL, IDL, LDL1 and LDL2. Cholesterol amounts in HDL2 and HDL3 changed in a parallel manner, as did apoprotein AI and AII. HDL2 and HDL3 reached their preplasmapheresis levels in a week. Cholestyramine did not inhibit the increase of VLDL, IDL, LDL1 or LDL2 in this case.

Adult↗