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Y Hashizume

Publications and source records attributed to Y Hashizume.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Size-dependent myelinated fiber loss in the corticospinal tract in Shy-Drager syndrome and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Morphometric evaluation was performed on myelinated fibers of the corticospinal tract at the seventh thoracic spinal cord segment from three patients with Shy-Drager syndrome (SDS), six patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and five patients with nonneurologic symptoms. In SDS, small-sized myelinated fibers were nearly completely depleted, while large-sized myelinated fibers were considerably well preserved. In ALS, on the contrary, large myelinated fibers were predominantly decreased. These results suggested that selective vulnerability of axonal loss depends on fiber size and should be considered in interpretation of pathology of corticospinal tracts.

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis↗
PubMed1986

Shy-Drager syndrome: neuronal loss depends on size, function, and topography in ventral spinal outflow.

We analyzed myelinated fibers and neurocytons in the ventral spinal outflow of patients with Shy-Drager syndrome. Axonal loss occurred predominantly in thin, myelinated fibers that correspond mainly to autonomic preganglionic axons. Intermediate and large myelinated fibers, mainly gamma and alpha axons, were also involved, but to a lesser degree. Neuronal and axonal loss was more prominent in caudal segments and less in rostral segments. Axonal degeneration in single teased fibers was seen frequently in ventral spinal roots.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

[Surgery and adjuvant therapy of non-small cell lung cancer].

Bronchial arterial infusion of chemotherapeutic agents (BAI), radiation therapy, chemotherapy and immunotherapy were used as surgical adjuvant therapy for non-small cell lung cancer, and the clinical effects of these treatment modalities on survival rates were evaluated. BAI brought about a decrease of tumor size, but no significant effect on survival rats was noted. Postoperative radiation therapy on P-N2 cases exerted no significant effect on the survival rate, but when immunotherapy was combined with radiation therapy, there was a significant prolongation of the survival rate. As for post-operative chemotherapy, three types of combination chemotherapy have been performed over the past twelve years: short-term chemotherapy (S-C), long-term intermittent chemotherapy (L-I-C), and long-term continuous chemotherapy (L-C-C). Retrospective comparison of survival rates between these three methods was carried out. The survival rate of the group which was treated by L-I-C showed better results than those obtained by S-C. The group treated by L-C-C showed a much better survival rate than that treated by L-C-C: Stage I + II cases that underwent curative resection and were treated by L-I-C showed a significantly better survival rate than those treated by S-C. Furthermore, the survival rate of stage III cases with curative resection was improved by L-C-C (CQ+CPA+ADM+5-FU) with statistical significance. To evaluate the clinical efficacy of OK-432, a streptococcal preparation, as an immunotherapeutic agent for lung cancer, patients admitted between 1975 and 1982 were randomized into two groups: (1) an immunochemotherapy group and (2) a chemotherapy group (control group). For both groups, the same L-I-C was administered in accordance with the cancer histological cell type. There were 119 resected cases in the immunochemotherapy group and 115 cases in the control group, that were eligible for evaluation of long-term survival after surgery. Overall, the cases in the immunochemotherapy group showed a better survival rate than the control group, and this difference was statistically significant. In addition, statistically significant improvements of survival rate by the immunotherapy were observed for the following items; resected stage I + II cases, resected stage III + IV cases, cases with curative resection, cases with non-curative resection and resected epidermoid carcinoma. On the other hand, there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in cases of adenocarcinoma.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1986

I-cell disease. A case report and review of the literature.

I-cell disease has been reported by many authors but the electron microscopic findings have been reported only rarely. The patient under study was a female infant with a normal delivery after 38 weeks' normal intrauterine life. She showed the physical findings characteristic of I-cell disease, and the diagnosis was made by the analyses of lysosomal enzymes. The child died at the age of 2 years and 3 months due to respiratory insufficiency. By electron microscopy, various-shaped membrane-bound vacuoles were observed in the cytoplasm of various cells such as hepatocytes, myocardial muscle cells, epithelial cells of the renal glomeruli, proximal renal tubular cells, fibroblasts, and chondrocytes. By histochemical analyses we found that these intracytoplasmic storage vacuoles contained glycosaminoglycan and proteoglycan.

Astrocytes↗
PubMed1986

[Extraneural metastases of malignant ependymoma inducing atelectasis and superior vena cava syndrome--a case report and review of the literature].

Extraneural metastasis of intracranial ependymoma is a rare pathological entity. Thirty one case reports were traced in the review of the literature and we record one of them. The patient was a 19-year-old male in good health until January 1981 when he was admitted to our hospital with deteriorating mental status. Admission work-up revealed bilateral papilledema, 1-hemiparesis and increased intracranial pressure signs including vomiting. CT scan demonstrated significant abnormality of enhanced mass lesion in the r-temporo-parietal area in which a displacement of the midline structure to the left occurred. R-temporo-parietal craniotomy was performed on the admission day. The globular tumor mass occupied the temporo-parietal area and invaded the cortex. Subtotal resection of the tumor and temporal lobectomy was performed. Microscopic examination of the operative specimen revealed a typical ependymoma pattern. For the next two years, he received operations twice, irradiation (total 14, 170 rads) and various chemotherapy. Two months after the fourth craniectomy, examination revealed scalp overlying the burr opening to be very tense and enlarging as if invaded by the tumor. A large mass occupied the right lateral cervical area and chest X-ray disclosed complete opacity on the right. He gradually developed severe cough and sputum and died two months later on January 1, 1984. At autopsy, the result was that tumor had invaded the subarachnoidal space and subcutaneous area. Extraneural metastases were found to be bronchial lymph nodes, C-4 vertebra, r-cervical lymph node. The histological appearance of these tumors obtained at autopsy was identical to the cerebral tumor.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Intra-abdominal administration of CDDP in the management of carcinomatous peritonitis].

Seven patients with carcinomatous peritonitis were intraperitoneally treated with CDDP. This procedure does not require specific hydration transfusion and much less diuretic. According to Koyama and Saito's criteria, one patient showed complete response, 5 showed partial response and one no change. Following this therapy, 4 patients have lived for more than 6 months. Renal toxicity, which is considered to be the most serious side effect of CDDP, was not found. Alimentary symptoms (nausea, vomiting) were noted in all patients and myelosuppression and abdominal bleeding were recognized in a small number of patients. In conclusion, our method is considered to be advantageous in the treatment of carcinomatus peritonitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Clinical value of postoperative chemotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer--with special reference to long-term combined chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy].

The main reason for unfavourable surgical outcome of lung cancer is latent distant metastases over looked during surgery, which ultimately cause recurrence, or death of the patients even in cases undergoing curative surgery. This fact necessitates the indispensable use of systemic adjuvant therapy in patients under going surgery for lung cancer. There have been mary reports concerning the clinical efficacy of surgical adjuvant chemotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer using various kinds of drugs in various treatment modalities, but the results have been controversial. During the past eleven years, we have used postoperative chemotherapy in three ways over three different periods: in the earliest period, short-term combined chemotherapy (STCC) was used, in the middle period, intermittent long-term combined chemotherapy (ILTCC) was used in combination with immunotherapy for a randomized group, and in the latest period, when continuous long-term combined chemotherapy (CLTCC) with immunotherapy was employed. A comparison was then made between these three kinds of treatment groups. In Comparing of the results obtained for the earliest and middle periods, ILTCC showed a significantly improved beneficial effect over STCC in terms of further increased survival rate. Furthermore, by randomized study, it was clarified that the favourable effect of ILTCC was further improved by concomitant use of immunotherapy. CLTCC with immunotherapy carried out in the latest period seemed to be prevent early recurrences in patients with stage I or II who underwent curative surgery, even though a short-term observation period of for 20 months was employed. It is conceivable that the latest treatment modality used will exerted best the most favourable beneficial effect in comparison with the two early treatments. A review of the literature was presented along with a discussion of the clinical value of chemotherapy and immunochemotherapy as a surgical adjuvant.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

[Preoperative treatment with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in gastric and colorectal cancer].

Preoperative chemotherapy with 5-FU was carried out on patients with gastric and colorectal cancer. 5-FU was given at a dose of 500 mg daily with a drip infusion for 7 days (Group A), with a one-shot intravenous infusion daily (Group B) and orally for 7 days (Group C). Histological effects were evaluated, using the criteria proposed by Ohboshi. In group A for gastric cancer and in group C for colon cancer, the histological response was stronger at the edge of the cancer than at its surface. In group C for gastric cancer and in group A for colon cancer, the histological response was more remarkable at the surface of the cancer than at its edge. The histological effects on metastatic lymph nodes in gastric cancer were the same as for the cancer nests in groups A and C. 5-FU used as a drip infusion or orally was more effective on metastatic lymph nodes of gastric cancer than on metastatic lymph nodes of colon cancer. 5-FU was detected at a high concentration in tumor tissues of gastric cancer in group A, Grade II response being obtained in 3 of 7 patients. Changes in regional lymph nodes, plasma and other organs in cases of combined resection were not obtained with regard to either the concentration of 5-FU or the histological findings for all three groups.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1985

[Pure shearing injury--clinical signs and symptoms, diagnosis, prognosis and review of the literature].

In some of the brains of head injury, shearing of axons and vessels caused by direct impact is seen widely in the white matter. This type of injury is designated by neuropathologists as shear injury or diffuse damage of impact type. Macroscopic lesions adjacent to the superior cerebeller peduncle and lesions of the corpus callosum are commonly seen in the brains with severe shearing injuries and the former is detected by CT scan as a high density at the quadrigeminal cistern, and this indicates occurrence of a severe shearing injury. Among 600 patients with head injuries, we managed 23 cases with pure shearing injury. These cases are classified into three groups according to the duration of coma. In the fulminant type (7 cases) the patients had severe brainstem signs including impairment of vital signs and died immediately after the injury. In the severe type (8 cases) the patients were decerebrated with normal pupillary response on admission and were severely disabled (i.e. tremor, truncal ataxia, dementia). In the moderate type (8 cases), the patients had only disturbance of consciousness for a long period, and recovered almost to the pre-injury state. Follow-up CT scan showed enlargement of the ventricles and sulci.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Pathology of spinal cord lesions caused by ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament.

The pathologic changes in the spinal cord of three autopsied cases associated with ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament ( OPLL ) are reported. Compression of the spinal cord was marked at the level of the intervertebral disc, and the spinal cord was strikingly flattened antero-posteriorly. Intensive damage was seen in the gray matter as compared to the white matter. The white matter showed demyelination and axon loss with status spongiosus, which was more marked in the postero-lateral than in the anterior columns. The most seriously damaged parts of the spinal cord showed tissue necrosis and cavity formation which extended from the central parts of the gray matter to the ventral parts of the posterior columns. Adventitial fibrous thickening of the vein, hyaline degeneration of the walls of the arterioles, and compression of the anterior spinal vein were observed in the damaged regions. It was evident that secondary circulatory disturbance due to the compression produced by the ossification was of significance in the pathogenesis of the spinal cord damage. A tangle of peripheral nerves, ectopic and reactive, with Schwann cell proliferation was present in the posterior median fissure and the postero-lateral columns in one case. The spinal nerve roots that showed marked demyelination and axon loss were damaged by ossification at the places where the anterior nerve roots emerged from the spinal cord and where the roots penetrate the dura. There was ossification of the dura mater in all cases examined.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Leiomyomatosis in the pelvic lymph node and peritoneum.

This paper is concerned with a rare clinical entity, i.e. leiomyomatosis of pelvic promontory lymph node in a 50-year-old Japanese woman and leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata in a 41-year-old one. Despite such daughter nodules, all of the leiomyomas showed benign histological features. Morphogenesis of the discontinuous leiomyomas was discussed in relation to pelvic endometriosis. Because of a favorable prognosis in the leiomyomatosis, no more aggressive therapy than that necessary to extirpate the tumor is recommended.

Adult↗