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Y Hashizume

Publications and source records attributed to Y Hashizume.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[A case of systemic xanthogranulomatosis with an intracranial lesion: immunohistochemical study].

The authors describe a case of a 42-year-old woman with systemic xanthogranulomatosis who primarily manifested bilateral intraorbital tumors, generally effecting many regions. These included the intracranial dura mater, the spinal cord, the retroperitoneum, the pericardium, and the mediastinum. This disorder is basically similar to systemic Weber-Christian disease except for the absence of subcutaneous panniculitis. Immunohistochemical study reveals that this clinical entity is different from histiocytosis X because the origin of the foamy cells is not the T-zone histiocyte but the macrophage. The treatment of this disease is also discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[A clinicopathological study of the somatic motor efferents in the pseudopolyneuritic form of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis].

Histopathology of the somatic motor efferents of three cases with pseudopolyneuritic from of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) was analyzed, and the results were correlated with the clinical symptoms. The population of myelinated fibers in the lateral corticospinal tract at the thoracic segment, and in the fourth ventral roots, and motor neurons in the fourth ventral horns were morphometrically quantified. The patients were two males and one female ranging in age from 43 to 67 years, and showed a clinical course of 1.8 to 9.5 years. All three cases did not show any pyramidal sign nor spasticity but showed an extensive leg involvement, particularly the distally accentuated muscular weakness with depressed deep tendon reflexes. The clinical manifestations were consistent with the pseudopolyneuritic form of ALS. Fiber size profile of the myelinated fibers in the lateral corticospinal tracts at T7 segments and L4 lumbar ventral roots were estimated on the epon-embedded transverse sections as previously described (Sobue et al, 1981). Number and size distribution of anterior horn cells in the L4 segments were measured on 300-500 consecutive 10 microns-thick paraffin sections stained with Klüver-Barrera technique, using a TGZ-3 particle size analyzer (Zeiss). The location of the remained anterior horn cells was also quantitatively estimated. Three cases with common form of ALS and three control cases were analyzed in the same manner. The large myelinated fibers in the lateral corticospinal tract were extensively and predominantly depleted in all three cases. The small myelinated fibers were also depopulated but in lesser degree. The mode of these myelinated fiber loss was almost compatible with those in common form of ALS.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Immune reactivity in bronchogenic carcinoma and its relation to 5-year survival rate.

We performed a prospective study on the correlation of various parameters of the immune response with the 5-year survival rate in patients with bronchogenic carcinoma. Parameters were initially examined before starting treatment. Delayed hypersensitivity skin tests, lymphoblastogenesis, natural killer (NK) cell activity, and interleukin-2 (IL-2) production were employed to assess immune competence. Each reaction was classified into four or five grades in accordance with intensity; the 5-year survival rate of the patients showing each grade of the immune response was calculated. A correlation between response before treatment and the survival rate was most clearly noted for lymphoblastogenesis. The skin tests and the NK cell activity showed poorer correlations, and no exact correlation was noted between the IL-2 production and the immune response.

Carcinoma, Bronchogenic↗
PubMed1990

Bunina bodies in neurons of the medullary reticular formation in a case of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

In an autopsied case of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) with dementia (a 65-year-old man with a 4-year course) showing numerous Bunina bodies in the lower motor neurons including those of cranial motor nuclei, eosinophilic inclusions were also observed in several neurons of the reticular formation of the medulla oblongata. Some of them were confirmed to be Bunina bodies by electron microscopy. These findings indicate either that Bunina bodies can appear in neurons other than the so-called motor neurons or that the neurons in the medullary reticular formation that contain such inclusions may be lower motor neurons in the aberrant place.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Phosphorylated high molecular weight neurofilament protein in lower motor neurons in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and other neurodegenerative diseases involving ventral horn cells.

Lower motor neurons of the spinal cord of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Werdnig-Hoffmann's disease (WH), X-linked recessive bulbospinal neuronopathy (X-BSNP) and multiple system atrophy (MSA), all of which were known to involve the lower motor neurons, were immunohistochemically examined by using a monoclonal antibody (Ta-51) specific to phosphorylated epitopes of high molecular weight subunits of neurofilaments. The incidence of Ta-51-positive neurons was significantly increased in ALS, WH and MSA, but not in X-BSNP. Ta-51-positive neurons showed a wide variety of morphological appearances, including neurons with normal appearance, central chromatolysis, simple atrophy and neurons containing massive neurofilamentous accumulation. In aged-control cases, similar Ta-51-positive neurons were observed, although to a much lesser extent. In ALS, spheroids and globules, which were strongly positive for Ta-51, were also significantly increased. Ta-51-positive motor neurons, spheroids and globules appeared in proportional to the number of remaining large motor neurons in ALS.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Changes in immunological parameters in lung cancer patients undergoing immunotherapy with streptococcal preparation OK-432.

We have studied the immunological status of patients treated with streptococcal preparation OK-432. Two KE of OK-432 was injected intramuscularly once every week for more than three years unless the patients died. The natural killer (NK) activity in those patients who underwent curative surgery for lung cancer and had no sign of recurrence was significantly increased (P less than 0.01) during the OK-432 treatment. However, the NK activity in the patients who had persistent disease (non-resected cases, incompletely resected cases or recurrent cases) was not significantly increased in comparison with that before the immunotherapy. Also, in the cases with no clinical symptoms of recurrence, both the lymphoblastogenetic reactions to the mitogens and the IL-2 production were significantly enhanced (P less than 0.01) during the administration of OK-432. Reactions in the SU-PS (polysaccharide taken from the cell-wall fraction of the Streptococcus pyogenes SU strain and containing 7.2% of protein) skin-test appeared to significantly correlate with the immunological status of the patients under OK-432 therapy, but the PHA and PPD skin reactions showed no definitive enhancement. The survival rate of the patients whose SU-PS skin tests were positive during the OK-432 immunotherapy was significantly higher (P less than 0.01) than that of the patients with negative reactions.

Humans↗
PubMed1990

An intracranial mass lesion in systemic xanthogranulomatosis: case report.

The authors describe a 42-year-old woman with systemic xanthogranulomatosis and bilateral intraorbital tumors, who subsequently developed multiple lesions of the intracranial dura mater, spinal cord, retroperitoneum, pericardium, and mediastinum. Systemic xanthogranulomatosis is histologically similar to systemic Weber-Christian disease, except for the absence of subcutaneous panniculitis. Immunohistochemical studies suggest that this clinical entity can be differentiated from histiocytosis X, because foamy cells in systemic xanthogranulomatosis demonstrate macrophages but not T-zone histiocyte markers. Differentiation of this disease from other intracranial xanthogranulomas and treatment are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Functional character and augmentation of lymphocytes in regional lymph nodes of patients with lung cancer.

It appears that lymph node metastases are more frequent in lung cancer than in other cancers because of impaired defensive mechanisms in the regional lymph nodes. However, little is known about the immunologic function of regional lymph node lymphocytes (RLNL) in patients with lung cancer. We have studied the immunologic properties of RLNL in comparison with peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL). We measured the natural killer (NK) cell activity of RLNL and PBL in patients with lung cancer and found that the NK activity was significantly more depressed in the RLNL than in the PBL. In contrast, interleukin-2 (IL-2) production was markedly higher in the RLNL than in the PBL. The cytotoxic effect of RLNL in nonmetastatic lymph nodes on target cells (such as K562 cells) or PC-3 and PC-10 cells (NK-resistant, human lung cancer of adenocarcinoma and epidermoid carcinoma, respectively) was significantly enhanced by in vitro incubation with recombinant IL-2 (rIL-2). Furthermore, we clarified that both rIL-2 and OK-432, which is a biologic response modifier and IL-2 inducer as well, augmented the cytotoxicity of RLNL and that these effector cells were lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells. The depletion of lymphocyte subsets by pretreatment with specific monoclonal antibody showed that the LAK activity in RLNL was mediated by CD3+ and CD8+ cells, whereas the lymphocyte subsets contributing the LAK activity in PBL were CD3+ and CD16+ cells. It was concluded that a majority of the effector cells in RLNL were LAK cells of the cytotoxic T cell population.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Extracranial metastases of malignant ependymoma--case report.

A case of malignant ependymoma with extracranial metastases is reported. A 59-year-old male was admitted to our hospital with vomiting and ataxia. Following computed tomographic (CT) scanning indicating a ring-like enhanced mass in the cerebellum, the tumor was subtotally removed in December, 1985. Histological diagnosis was malignant ependymoma. A second operation was performed in February, 1987, due to recurrence of the tumor in the fourth ventricle. Postoperative radiation therapy at a total dose of 7780 rads was given over 2 years. Eleven months after radiation therapy was completed, he reported cough and multiple skin metastases. Chest x-rays showed metastases at the right hilus. Repeated CT scans revealed separate frontal cerebral metastatic tumors. He died of respiratory insufficiency. Extracranial metastases of infratentorial ependymoma to the skin and lung are rare pathological entities.

Cerebral Ventricle Neoplasms↗
PubMed1990

[An autopsy case of Alzheimer's disease associated with Parkinson's disease, compared to 2 autopsy cases of diffuse Lewy body disease].

A 68 year old male, diagnosed as Alzheimer's disease clinically, pathologically showed both findings of Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. The brain weight was 940 g. Macroscopically, severe cortical brain atrophy and depigmentation of the substantia nigra was noted. Microscopic examination showed marked appearance of senile plaque and a large number of neurofibrillary tangle with sever neuronal loss of the cerebral cortex. Additionally, the loss of neuron with many Lewy bodies was found in the substantia nigra. Lewy bodies were also found in the locus ceruleus and the dorsal vagal nucleus, but few in the cerebral cortical neurons. We compared this case neuropathologically with two autopsy cases of diffuse Lewy body disease (DLBD). There was no distinction concerning the lesions of the brain stem between this case and the cases of DLBD. In all three cases, the nucleus of basalis of Meynert showed marked neuronal loss. However, the brain was lighter than those of the cases of DLBD. Senile changes such as senile plaque and neurofibrillary tangles were more marked in this cases than in the cases of DLBD. Furthermore a large number of cortical Lewy bodies were found in the cases of DLBD, but few in this case. The distribution and number of Lewy bodies did not correspond with those of senile changes in the cases of DLBD. Also the cerebral cortical structure was better preserved in the cases of DLBD than in this case. In conclusion, from the clinicopathological findings, we considered that this case is Alzheimer's disease associated with Parkinson's disease. According to Kosaka's study, this case seemed to correspond with a transitional type of the Lewy body disease.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Effect and prognosis of rehabilitation for cerebrovascular dementia in the elderly].

The effect of rehabilitation and prognosis for elderly cases of cerebrovascular dementia were evaluated by comparing the group of the patients receiving rehabilitation with those who did not receive rehabilitation. There were no significant differences in the age, neurological symptoms, psychotic symptoms, physical complications, ADL and Hasegawa's dementia rating scale between the two groups. The main reason for rehabilitation was recurrence of cerebrovascular attack (42.9%), disuse atrophy (42.9%) and bone fracture and others (14.3%). There was significant improvement of ADL in the patients showing a score of more than 10 on Hasegawa's dementia rating scale and in the patients given drugs to improve cerebral circulation and metabolism, but there was no significant improvement of Hasegawa's dementia rating scale. Concerning the prognosis of patients receiving the rehabilitation, there was no change of ADL and Hasegawa's dementia rating scale. In the group of patients which did not receive rehabilitation, significant decrease of ADL was noted, but there was no change of Hasegawa's dementia rating scale.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1990

[Spatial distribution of the peripheral nerve lesion in polyarteritis nodosa].

We have examined the peripheral nerves in four patients with polyarteritis nodosa. They were consisted of two males and two females with the age of 70, 49, 65 and 75 years respectively. The sciatic and posterior-tibial nerves, sural nerves, ventral and dorsal spinal nerve roots, dorsal ganglia and spinal cord were removed at autopsy. Particularly, the sciatic and posterior-tibial nerves were removed as a whole and suspended in a glass cylinder with a weight and fixed in 1.5% glutaraldehyde and 0.05 M phosphate buffer, pH 7.4 for 16 hours. The nerve fragments of every 3 to 3.5 cm along the sciatic and posterior-tibial nerve were examined on conventional paraffin-embedded and epon-embedded sections, and osmicated teased-fibers. Necrotizing angitis was commonly present in the epineurium of the sciatic and posterior-tibial nerves in all four patients. Although necrotizing angitis was diffusely distributed in the proximal to distal portions of the nerve, loss of myelinated fibers, occurred only in the distal to mid-lower portions of the sciatic nerve. There was no substantial myelinated fiber loss in the proximal part of the sciatic nerve in three of four cases. Myelinated fiber loss in the fascicle was central fascicular or multiple-focal in pattern in the proximal portions of the nerve, but was diffuse in more distal portion of the posterior tibial nerve. Segmental demyelination and myelin irregularity in the teased-fiber preparation were more prominently observed in the proximal portions, but fibers with axonal degeneration were more frequent in the distal portions of the nerve.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[An adult case of malignant choroid plexus papilloma in the lateral ventricle and the cerebellopontine angle revealed simultaneously].

An adult case of malignant choroid plexus papilloma is very rare. This report is an adult case of malignant choroid plexus papilloma revealed in the lateral ventricle and in the cerebellopontine (CP) angle simultaneously. A 37-year-old man was admitted to the hospital complaining of headache, nausea, and a floating sensation on August 29, 1984. Neurological examination on admission revealed bilateral papilledema, left dysmetria and horizontal nystagmus. CT scan revealed a slightly high density round mass in the right lateral ventricle and a cystic mass with mural nodule in the left CP angle. The intraventricular mass and mural nodule were enhanced moderately and homogeneously. The initial surgery was for removal of the CP angle tumor, and 8 days later removal of the lateral ventricle tumor was carried out. The histology of these tumors was the same and revealed malignant choroid plexus papilloma. Postoperative radiation therapy was carried out 70Gy to the brain (whole brain; 50Gy, focal; 20Gy) and 30Gy to the whole spine. About 2 years later paraparesis, lower cranial nerve palsy, and disturbance of consciousness had progressed gradually. He died of the severe recurrence of the tumor in the brain stem, and multiple dissemination in the spinal cord on September 6, 1987. There was no recurrence of tumor in the right lateral ventricle. This is a very rare case of malignant choroid plexus papilloma which was revealed in both the supra- and infratentorial regions simultaneously. They may have developed independently or they may have arisen through subarachnoid seeding. Radical removal of the tumor is important to prevent recurrence of malignant choroid plexus papilloma.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[An autopsy case of primary cerebral malignant lymphoma initiated with choreoathetosis].

An autopsy case of primary cerebral malignant lymphoma with choreoathetosis as initial and main symptom was reported. A 57-year-old woman showed choreoathetosis in right upper and lower extremities, and mental aberration. Cranial CT scan showed high density areas in bilateral frontal lobes, right caudate nucleus and putamen, right vermis of cerebellum, left corpus callosum, all of which revealed increased high density by enhancement. The diagnosis of malignant lymphoma was confirmed by the findings of CT scan-guided stereotaxic biopsy. Although the consciousness became gradually drowsy, neurological signs and symptoms and cranial CT scan's findings were improved by radiation therapy. Subsequently, she developed paresis of left upper and bilateral lower extremities and died of sepsis and disseminated intravascular coagulation 8 months after the onset. Neuropathological examination revealed macroscopically atrophy and brawnish discoloration in bilateral caudate nuclei and right globus pallidus. Microscopically, there were invasions of tumor cells in the subependymal perivascular space of ventricles and subarachnoidal spaces of cerebellum and brainstem. The bilateral heads of caudate nuclei revealed severe atrophy, neuronal loss and astrocytic proliferation induced by tumor cell invasion into the head of caudate nuclei, of which body and tail were well preserved. The globus pallidus and putamen did not show any abnormalities on left side, but the right globus pallidus was atrophic, and middle part of putamen and globus pallidus showed tissue rarefaction, loss of myelin, and astrocytic proliferation. However, neuronal cells were relatively preserved. In the spinal cord, the tumor cells invaded to the subarachnoidal and perivascular spaces and necrosis of spinal parenchyma were noted from lower cervical to upper thoracic cord.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Athetosis↗
PubMed1989

Pathological studies of aberrant peripheral nerve bundles of spinal cords.

Aberrant peripheral nerve fiber bundles, i.e., masses of peripheral nerve fibers without perineural sheath cells, are found in the perivascular spaces of some spinal cords. The 514 spinal cords examined for these structures were separated into two groups; 507 spinal cords without definite necrotic lesions (group 1) and 7 spinal cords (group 2) with old necrotic lesions in which there were numerous aberrant peripheral never bundles (APNB). In group 1, APNB were found in 41.0% of spinal cords. The incidence was the same for both sexes and increased in proportion to age. APNB were found predominantly in the middle and lower thoracic segments. On the transverse sections, APNB were located mainly in the central gray matter and in the anterior median fissure. Ultrastructural and histochemical studies showed that the myelin in APNB was peripheral in origin. Serial sections showed continuity between APNB and nerve roots. In group 2 cases, APNB were diffusely distributed throughout the old necrotic lesions and not restricted to perivascular areas.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Nerve growth factor receptor immunoreactivity in human benign peripheral nerve sheath tumor.

In situ expression of nerve growth factor (NGF) receptors in human dermal and plexiform neurofibroma, schwannoma and traumatic neuroma was examined by an immunohistochemical method using a monoclonal anti-human NGF receptor antibody. Immunoreactivity for the NGF receptor was observed on the principal cells of both neurofibroma and schwannoma. Immunostaining by the anti-S-100 beta protein antibody in adjacent sections suggested that the vast majority of NGF receptor-positive cells were also positive for S-100 beta protein. In traumatic neuroma, staining for the NGF receptor was more intense in the perineurium than in the endoneurial cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

X-linked recessive bulbospinal neuronopathy. A clinicopathological study.

A clinicopathological study on X-linked recessive bulbospinal neuronopathy was undertaken on 9 cases, with morphological observations on 3 autopsied cases and sural nerve biopsies from 6 patients. Both lower motor and primary sensory neurons were involved. Lower motor neurons were markedly depleted through all spinal segments and in brainstem motor nuclei except for the third, fourth and sixth cranial nerves. Primary sensory neurons were less severely affected. A quantitative study of primary sensory axons at several levels in the peripheral nervous system suggested that a distally accentuated axonopathy was the salient pathological process. Segmental demyelination and remyelination clustered on individual fibres, and g ratios (axon diameter: total fibre diameter) in the sural nerve showed an increased scatter in some cases. Evidence of regeneration was inconspicuous. Unmyelinated fibres were well preserved throughout all the nerves examined. Neurons in the Onufrowicz nuclei, in the intermediolateral columns and in Clarke's columns of the spinal cord were generally well preserved. These observations indicate that a lower motor and primary sensory neuronopathy is a major neurological manifestation in this disease.

Aged↗