Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

Y Hashimoto

Publications and source records attributed to Y Hashimoto.

At least 1,063 records · Page 59Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Supranuclear vertical gaze palsy and convergence nystagmus caused by unilateral riMLF lesion].

We report a case showing supranuclear vertical gaze palsy and convergence nystagmus caused by a unilateral lesion of the rostral interstitial nucleus of the medial longitudinal fasciculus (riMLF). The patient was a 54-year-old female with mitral stenosis and regurgitation and atrial fibrillation, who suddenly developed vertigo and double vision. She was admitted to our hospital because of persisting diplopia 4 days after onset, although vertigo had resolved within 1 hour. On admission she was alert, but presented with supranuclear vertical gaze palsy and convergence nystagmus. Other cranial nerves were intact and motor strength, deep tendon reflexes, sensations were also normal. There were no cerebellar signs. Cranial MRI demonstrated a unilateral ischemic lesion at the left thalamo-mesencephalic junction that involved the unilateral riMLF. Cerebral angiography revealed no abnormalities. Vertical gaze palsy has been reported to be caused by a lesion involving bilateral riMLF or unilateral posterior commissure, and convergence nystagmus usually by a lesion near or within the dorsal mesencephalon. However, recent reports have demonstrated a histopathologic evidence that vertical gaze palsy was caused by unilateral riMLF lesion. The present case confirms clinically that both vertical gaze palsy and convergence nystagmus can be developed by a lesion of unilateral riMLF.

Brain Diseases↗
PubMed1991

[A case of bilateral cerebellar infarction in the distribution of the bilateral superior cerebellar artery].

We reported a case of bilateral cerebellar hemorrhagic infarction in the distribution of the bilateral superior cerebellar artery. A 58-year-old man suddenly developed dizziness and transient loss of consciousness. The neurological examination revealed left hearing disturbance, left sensory disturbance involving face, dysarthria and bilateral ataxia. This patient was considered to be classic clinical syndrome of right superior cerebellar artery. CT and MRI revealed hemorrhagic infarction corresponding to the full territory of the bilateral superior cerebellar artery. The right posterior cerebral artery was filling through the right posterior communicating artery on the right carotid angiography taken 2 hours after the onset. Bilateral vertebral angiography on the 18th day demonstrated no occlusions in the basilar artery and the bilateral superior cerebellar artery. Hemorrhagic infarction corresponding to the full territory of the bilateral superior cerebellar artery, sparing other territories as the present case, is extremely rare. In this case, cerebral embolism (top of the basilar syndrome) was suggested because of existence of atrial fibrillation and sudden onset.

Cerebellar Diseases↗
PubMed1991

An immunohistochemical study of the gastro-entero-pancreatic endocrine cells in the alimentary tract of the Korean tree squirrel, Sciurus vulgaris corea.

The regional distribution and relative frequencies of gastrointestinal endocrine cells were studied immunohistochemically in the gastrointestinal mucosa of Korean tree squirrels. Seven kinds of endocrine cells were identified in this study. Although a large number of 5-hydroxytryptamine-immunoreactive cells were seen throughout the gastrointestinal tract, they were most predominant in the duodenum. A moderate number of glucagon-immunoreactive cells which were restricted to the cardia and fundus of the stomach was also observed. Bovine chromogranin-immunoreactive cells were numerous in the cardia and pylorus of the stomach, found in moderate numbers in the fundus, duodenum and large intestine, but rare in the jejunum. Porcine chromogranin-immunoreactive cells were found in moderate numbers in the stomach but were rare in the duodenum. Gastrin/cholecystokinin-immunoreactive cells were abundant in the pyloric gland region but scarce in the duodenum. Bovine pancreatic polypeptide-immunoreactive cells were observed to be rare and found only in the pyloric gland region. Somatostatin-immunoreactive cells were distributed moderately in the stomach but were few in number in the intestine. No insulin-immunoreactive cells were found in the gastrointestinal tract of Korean tree squirrels. These results suggest that although the Korean tree squirrel is a herbivorous rodent, the distribution pattern of its gastro-entero-endocrine cells is rather similar to that reported for omnivorous animals.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Enantio- and meso-oligodeoxyribonucleotides.

As sugar-modified oligodeoxyribonucleotides, L-homooligomers (L-dA12 and L-dT12) and a L/D-alternative oligomer ((L-dA-D-dA)6) were synthesized. These oligomers were quite resistant towards phosphodiesterase degradations. L-dA12 formed complexes with poly(dT) and poly(U) at 0 degree C with different stabilities, on the other hand L-dT12 did not show obvious hypochromicities after mixing with complementary natural homopolymers. An alternative sequence, (L-dA-D-dA)6, interacted with both type homopolymers and stabilities of the complexes increased compared to that of L-dA12.

Oligodeoxyribonucleotides↗
PubMed1991

[Adriamycin, cisplatin and etoposide combination chemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer].

Nineteen patients with non-small cell lung cancer (eight patients with adenocarcinoma, nine patients with squamous cell carcinoma, one patient with large cell carcinoma and one patient with sarcoma) who had not received previous chemotherapy were treated with a combination of adriamycin (30 mg/m2, i.v., on day 1), cisplatin (80 mg/m2, i.v., on day 1) and etoposide (70 mg/m2, i.v., on day 1-5). This chemotherapy regimen was repeated as long as possible for patients in whom PR was induced. Among all patients, CR was induced in none and 6 showed a PR (response rate 32%). However, 4 (56%) squamous cell carcinoma patients also showed PR. The median response duration in 6 PR patients was 28 weeks, and the median survival time in all patients was also 28 weeks. Mild to severe hematologic toxicities were induced and one patient died during myelosuppression. However almost all cases were reversible. Other toxicities included alopecia, nausea/vomiting, diarrhea, stomatitis, peripheral neuropathy and myocardial infarction which were reversible and manageable. The APVp therapy may be a valuable regimen for non-small cell lung cancer, especially squamous cell carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Amelioration of delayed neuronal death in the hippocampus by nerve growth factor.

Selective neuronal death in the CA1 sector of the hippocampus [delayed neuronal death (DND)] develops several days after transient global cerebral ischemia in rodents. Because NGF plays a potential role in neuronal survival, it was decided to study its effect in DND. We report here that intraventricular injection of NGF either before or after 5 min forebrain ischemia in the Mongolian gerbil significantly reduced the occurrence of DND. The tissue content of NGF in the hippocampus was decreased 2 d after ischemia and recovered to the preischemic level by 1 week. By the Golgi staining technique, changes first began in the dendrites of affected neurons as early as 3 hr. Such changes could be ameliorated by NGF treatment. Although previous knowledge of NGF is limited to the survival of cholinergic neurons in the CNS, it is assumed that other mechanisms must be operating in the hippocampus, for example, postsynaptic modification at dendrites or aberrant expression of NGF receptors possibly at the initial excitation period by glutamate. Furthermore, because previous work has shown that inhibition of protein synthesis reduces the occurrence of DND, a program leading to cell death might also be operating via de novo synthesis of certain protein(s), collectively termed "killer protein," because of a lack of NGF.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Intracellular production of adrenal renin in the fetal mouse. An immuno-electron microscopical study.

Renin-containing cells in fetal adrenal glands of the mouse were investigated with the protein A-gold immunocytochemical technique. On Day 14 of gestation, a small number of specific granules were weakly immunoreactive and were distributed in the Golgi region. Sometimes, apparent exocytosis of gold-labelled particles could be seen opening into the extracellular space. On Day 16 of gestation, numerous gold particles were demonstrated in the Golgi region as well as in the specific secretory granules. Immunoreactivity of the specific granules was increased as compared with Day 14, though some granules were observed to have no reaction with the antibody. On Day 18 of gestation reactivity for renin decreased, while a few clustered immunoreactive granules were demonstrated just beneath the cell membrane. No gold particles were observed in the Golgi apparatus during this period and more granules negative for renin were noted than on Day 16 of gestation. These results suggest that renin is produced and released temporarily by adrenal cortical cells in the late fetal life of the mouse.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1991

The identification of human semen by a chemiluminescent assay of choline.

A method for proving the presence of semen has been established by utilizing chemiluminescence for an assay of choline, a nonprotein constituent of semen, and medicolegal testings were carried out to evaluate its effectiveness. The sensitivity of this method to choline was 3 nmol/ml, and as a result of assays of the choline content in semen and in several other human body fluids and secreta, the choline level in semen was found to be 10.88-26.78 mumol/ml (mean = 16.69 +/- 4.01 mumol/ml), which was markedly higher. The choline content in semen specimens from subjects with oligospermia or azoospermia was similarly as high. Although choline was also detected in samples of certain dairy products, vegetable juice, and fruit juice, whose stains are almost indistinguishable from semen to the naked eye, the choline content in these specimens was much lower than in semen. Further, even when human semen specimens were heated to 100 degrees C for 30 min and seminal stains were heated to 200 degrees C for 30 min, the choline content still retained 71.6% and 66.9% of the pre-heating value, respectively. As for specimens of semen and seminal stains that were stored at room temperature for 12 months, about 1/3 and 1/2 of the original choline level were detected, respectively. Also, the presence of intravaginal drugs was shown to have no large influence on the detection of choline. Choline even could be detected in aged seminal stains stored for 11 years, so that the presence of semen was demonstrated. Finally, the presence of semen in the vaginal contents, collected on medicolegal autopsy, could also be demonstrated by the detection of choline. Thus utilizing chemiluminescence for detecting choline is considered useful for establishing medicolegal proof of the presence of semen.

Choline↗
PubMed1991

[The effect of aging on respiratory muscle function].

To elucidate the effect of aging on respiratory muscle function, the authors performed respiratory muscle function tests in 116 normal subjects. Respiratory muscle function was evaluated with maximal expiratory mouth pressure at the TLC level (PEmax) and maximal inspiratory mouth pressure at the RV level (PImax). PEmax and PImax in both sexes showed significant correlations with age. PEmax in males was significantly higher than that in females (123.6 +/- 29.7 cmH2O and 79.0 +/- 21.1 cmH2O, p less than 0.01, respectively). PImax in males was also significantly higher than that in females (98.4 +/- 26.0 cmH2O and 71.9 +/- 26.4 cmH2O, p less than 0.01, respectively). PEmax correlated significantly with TLC, and PImax showed a significant inverse correlation with RV/TLC. Furthermore, there was a significant inverse correlation between RV/TLC and age. Our data suggest that inspiratory muscle weakness in aging may be responsible for the increase in RV/TLC.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Inhibition of jun transformation by a mutated fos gene: design of an anti-oncogene.

The protein products of the fos and jun oncogenes (Fos and Jun) function as transcriptional regulators in the form of homo- or heterodimeric complexes that bind to DNA. Dimerization is mediated by a leucine zipper structure that serves to juxtapose alpha-helical regions of each protein, rich in basic amino acids, that form a bipartite DNA-binding domain. Although Fos participates exclusively in heterodimeric complexes, Jun can function either as a homodimer that has a low apparent affinity for DNA or as a more stable heterodimer with Fos that has a higher apparent affinity for DNA. We have used these properties of Fos and Jun to design a mutated fos gene, lacking a functional DNA-binding domain (supfos1), that suppresses the transforming activity of jun in trans. Here we show that chicken embryo fibroblasts transformed by jun revert to a normal phenotype after infection by a retroviral vector encoding supFos1. Furthermore, infection of normal cells with the supfos1 vector renders them resistant to subsequent transformation by jun. Inhibition of jun transformation was associated with the appearance of supFos1-Jun heterodimers and a reduction in the AP-1 DNA-binding activity contributed by Jun homodimers. These findings demonstrate that the function of leucine zipper-containing transcription factors can be investigated by the procedure of intracellular immunization.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Clinical study on total intravenous anesthesia with droperidol, fentanyl and ketamine--8. Hepatic and renal functions following prolonged surgical operation of over 10 hours].

Forty-four patients were studied to evaluate their postoperative hepatic and renal functions on 2nd to 4th and 7th to 10th postoperative days as judged by serum GOT, GPT, BUN and creatinine levels. The patients were divided into two groups. Twenty two patients received total intravenous anesthesia with droperidol, fentanyl and ketamine (FK group). The remaining 22 patients were given conventional enflurane-nitrous oxide anesthesia. The two groups were comparable concerning age, body weight, sex distribution, performed operation, operation time and anesthesia time. In the total intravenous group, fluid given and urine output were significantly larger than those of the enflurane group, and the amounts of blood loss and blood given tended to be greater but insignificantly in the total intravenous group than in the enflurane group. In both groups, postoperative S-GOT levels increased significantly and those of the enflurane group were significantly higher than those of the FK group on 2nd to 4th postoperative days. In the enflurane group, postoperative S-GPT levels were significantly higher, but those of the FK group were not. S-GPT on 2nd to 4th postoperative days of the enflurane group were significantly higher than those of the FK group. As to serum BUN and creatinine, no significant differences were observed between the two groups. These data suggest that FK is much more beneficial than enflurane anesthesia to protect hepatic functions, particularly when it is applied for prolonged surgical procedures.

Anesthesia, Intravenous↗
PubMed1991

[A flow cytometric study of the DNA content from paraffin-embedded samples of keratoacanthoma and squamous cell carcinoma].

DNA-flow cytometry was performed on paraffin-embedded tissues from 7 cases of keratoacanthoma (KA) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Proliferation index of tumor cells (% greater than 4SD) was defined as the percentage of cells that exceeded the diploid peak (G0G1) plus 4 standard deviations (SD). Proliferation index (% greater than 4SD) was lower than 20% in six out of 7 cases of KA, but higher than 25% in six out of 7 cases of SCC. One case of SCC showed a DNA aneuploidy. These results indicate that DNA-flow cytometry analysis using paraffin-embedded tissues may be a useful tool in differential diagnosis between keratoacanthoma and squamous cell carcinoma.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Gallbladder function and CCK after gastrectomy].

Postgastrectomy cholelithiasis has become a problem and biliary tract dyskinesia has been cited as an etiologic factor. CCK is the most important gut hormone with respect to biliary tract function, so we conducted an experimental study of postgastrectomy gallbladder function and CCK levels which gave the following results: 1. Although postprandial gallbladder contraction for the most part occurred in response to endogenous CCK, another mechanism (the gastro-cholecystic reflex) seemed to be responsible for some of them. 2. The postgastrectomy decrease in postprandial gallbladder contraction appeared to be due to disappearance of this gastro-cholecystic reflex. 3. Gallbladder contraction occurred in association with postprandial CCK secretion following total gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y reconstruction, but the altered food passage route caused changes in the dynamics of CCK secretion, and this is believed to have had an influence on the gallbladder contractile response.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Serum concentration of hyaluronic acid in healthy populations and patients with rheumatoid arthritis--relationship to clinical disease activity of RA].

With the sandwich binding protein assay utilizing hyaluronic acid binding protein, we measured serum concentration of hyaluronic acid in 458 healthy persons, 71 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and 51 patients with various rheumatic diseases such as osteoarthritis (OA), progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and gout. The mean concentration +/- standard deviation (SD) of healthy persons whose age ranged 2 to 92 years old was 38.5 +/- 35.7ng/ml, and those with over 50 years old had apparently higher concentrations (51.9 +/- 40.5ng/ml) than those with below 50 of age (20.6 +/- 14.8ng/ml). When the upper limit of normal range was set up at 130 ng/ml, abnormal percentages were 62.0% (44/71) in RA, 0% (0/18) in OA, 6.3% (1/16) in PSS, 18.2% (2/11) in SLE and 0% (0/6) in gout. Patients who apparently had arthritis but not RA revealed normal or near to the upper limit in serum hyaluronic acid compared to RA patients having the mean +/- SD of 351.4 +/- 463.7ng/ml. When patients with RA were classified into stage I to IV with X ray of bone destruction, patients with more advanced X ray stage showed significantly higher serum concentrations of hyaluronic acid. Similarly, patients with lower activity of daily living revealed significantly higher serum concentrations of hyaluronic acid. In addition, serum hyaluronic acid level did correlate to concentration of serum CRP and sialic acid. Lansbury's index, strength of grip, joint score and erythrocyte sedimentation rate, but did not to duration of morning stiffness and titer of rheumatoid factor.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1991

[Clinical effects of low-dose Ara-C in acute nonlymphocytic leukemia and myelodysplastic syndromes].

Forty-eight patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) were treated with low-dose Ara-C regimen (LDAC) (10 mg/m2 or 10 mg/body subcutaneously every 12 hours). Complete remission (CR) was obtained in sixteen patients (33%) and partial remission (PR) in six (16%). Seven of eight patients with hypoplastic leukemia entered CR. However, LDAC was not effective in MDS and ANLL developing from MDS. The rate of CR was 20% in relapsed or refractory ANLL. Relapse was occurred in thirteen patients until now. The median duration of remission was 7 months (range: 3-20 months). Seven of the sixteen patients who achieved CR were received LDAC at the same dose for 10 days every month as a maintenance therapy. The duration of CR of these patients was shown to be longer than that of the patients without any maintenance therapy. Myelosuppression was observed in nearly all of them and the other clinical findings including cytogenetic analysis indicated cytotoxicity rather than differentiation as the mechanism of LDAC. LDAC was effective especially in hypoplastic leukemia and the maintenance therapy was found to prolong the duration of CR.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[The effect of surfactant therapy associated with high frequency jet ventilation on oxygenation in canine lavaged lungs].

The effects of exogenous surfactant (SF) replacement therapy associated with high frequency jet ventilation (HFJV) on blood gas changes, pulmonary and hemodynamic variables were studied in canine lavaged lungs. The lungs were lavaged repeatedly with physiological saline until PaO2 decreased to 100 mmHg under intravenous pentobarbital anesthesia with 100% oxygen. SF (50 mg.kg-1) in the experimental group (n = 12) and saline in the control group (n = 8) were administered to the trachea using HFJV with a duration of 10 min. HFJV was further continued for 1 hour to make surfactant distribute evenly. Then respiration was controlled by the conventional mechanical ventilator for 3 hrs. During the administration of SF (10 min). PaCO2 was not altered. In the surfactant group, PaO2 improved significantly (200 mmHg) at the end of HFJV and was maintained for the next 3 hrs at this level, but it did not improve in the saline group. Therefore, we suggest that HFJV can be used safely for the treatment of acute respiratory failure and is an effective method for the administration of the pulmonary surfactant into the alveoli.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Clinical study on total intravenous anesthesia with droperidol, fentanyl, and ketamine--6. Effects on postoperative liver function].

We have developed a new method of total intravenous anesthesia with droperidol, fentanyl, and ketamine, and have administered it to more than 700 surgical patients. We studied whether this method of anesthesia would influence postoperative liver function or not. A total of sixty elective surgical patients were the subjects of this study. Thirty patients underwent total hysterectomy under either the total intravenous anesthesia (15 patients) or modified neurolept-anesthesia with pentazocine (15 patients). The remaining 30 patients underwent gastrectomy under either this total intravenous anesthesia (15 patients) or enflurane-N2O anesthesia (15 patients). The hepatic function was evaluated as judged by s-GOT, s-GPT, ALP, gamma-GPT and total bilirubin levels, before anesthesia and during the first to third postoperative day. The patients for gastrectomy under enflurane-N2O anesthesia had significantly increased postoperative gamma-GPT levels compared with the patients of total intravenous anesthesia. Any other variables showed no significant difference among groups. We consider that this method of total intravenous anesthesia has no adverse effects on postoperative liver function as compared with other usual anesthetic methods.

Anesthesia, Inhalation↗