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Biomedical subjects

Y Hara

Publications and source records attributed to Y Hara.

At least 577 records · Page 32Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Basic studies on CaO-P2O5-MgO-SiO2-CaF system glass ceramics. 2. Ultrastructural study on interface between culture cells and glass ceramics].

The aim of this study was to determine biocompatibility of glass ceramics and adhesion of cultured cells to glass ceramics. Four established cultured cell lines, human fibrosarcoma cells (HT-1080), human gingival carcinoma cells (Ca9-22), human osteosarcoma cells (NY) and mouse osteoblasts (MC3T3-E1), were used. For phase-contrast and electron microscopic observation they were cultured on substrates of glass ceramics or polystyrene coverslips as a control. The results obtained were as follows. Glass ceramics caused neither cellular degeneration nor death, as revealed by phase-contrast microscopy. By transmission electron microscopy an amorphous structure similar to the basal lamina was observed at the interface between the substrates and Ca9-22, and between glass ceramics and NY. A similar structure sometimes existed between the substrates and MC3T3-E1. On the other hand HT-1080 showed no such structure. The findings suggest that the biocompatibility of glass ceramics was satisfactory. Furthermore, from the clinical point of view it seems to be possible to close the material-tissue interface with epithelial, fibrocytic and osteocytic cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Effects of scaling and root planing on clinical parameters and bacterial flora in periodontal pockets. 1. Changes in clinical parameters and subgingival bacterial flora after treatment].

The purpose of this study was to clinically and microbiologically evaluate the effects of supragingival plaque control, scaling and root planing on periodontal therapy. Six patients affected with moderate or severe periodontitis were selected. The clinical status of each patient was recorded with such clinical parameters as probing pocket depth (PD), probing attachment level (PAL), gingival crevicular fluid flow (GCF), gingival index (GI), gingival bleeding index (GBI), suppurative index (SI), and mobility (Mo). After the patients had learned to perform their own oral prophylaxis, they were treated by scaling and root planing. Microbiological status was assessed by phase contrast microscopy and bacterial forms were classified into following six groups: coccoid cells, rods, filaments, fusiforms, motile rods, spirochetes. The number and the relative proportion of each group were compared statistically. Clinical and microbiological status from baseline to 5 months after scaling and root planing were re-examined. The results obtained were as follows. 1. The most significant change in clinical and microbiological status was observed one month after scaling and root planing. In particular, the total number of the microorganisms and the number and relative proportion of motile organisms were reduced. 2. Thereafter clinical and microbiological status was maintained during experimental period by means of supragingival plaque control.

Dental Plaque↗
PubMed1989

[Effects of scaling and root planing on clinical parameters and bacterial flora in periodontal pockets. 2. Correlation between decrease of probing pocket depth and pretreatment status].

Scaling and root planing is one of the most fundamental and effective procedures in periodontal therapy. The purpose of this study was to investigate statistically whether clinical or microbiological parameters before treatment are related to changes in probing pocket depth (PD). Two kinds of numerical values represented changes in PD. One was pocket difference (A-B: A; PD before the treatment and B; PD after treatment) and the other was rate of pocket decrase [(A-B)/A x 100]. Twenty four sites in six patients with periodontal pockets deeper than 4 mm were selected for this study. Clinical parameters such as PD, probing attachment level (PAL), gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) volume, gingival bleeding index (GBI) and suppurative index (SI) were recorded at each site. Subgingival plaques sampled at the same site were evaluated by phase contrast microscopy. The results obtained were as follows: 1. Of all the clinical parameters changes in PD were most positively correlated with PD before treatment. 2. The microbiological approach revealed that total bacterial count divided by PD value was more negatively correlated with changes in PD than total bacterial number. It was further, revealed that numbers of rods and motile bacteria were more closely correlated with changes in PD than the counts of bacterial groups. At sites where coccoid cells were relatively dominant, PD tended to decrease readily. Motile bacteria, on the other hand, exhibited just the opposite relationship. These results suggest that periodontal treatment should be more effective in periodontal pockets harboring both smaller numbers of rods and motile bacteria.

Dental Scaling↗
PubMed1989

[The role of radiotherapy in hospice care].

The aim of palliative radiotherapy for the terminally ill is to improve the quality of the remaining span of life. From November 1982 to September 1987, 69 patients in the Seirei Hospice have been treated with such radiotherapy, and symptomatic relief was obtained in 64% of these patients. Radiotherapy also proved useful in achieving an improvement in their performance status. While the aim of hospice care is not directed towards treatment of the underlying disease, the use of radiotherapy is considered to have an important role in hospice care.

Hospices↗
PubMed1989

[Hospice].

Terminal care for cancer patients must be oriented to the dignity of human being. For this purpose our hospice has five principles, that is, to control physical pain, to relieve spiritual problems, to settle socio-economical matters, to give religious support and lighten family loads. To put into practice these five principles, various kinds of staff take their places as caregivers: physicians, nurses, helpers, chaplains, psychiatrists and voluntary workers. Moreover, the Hospice has many facilities such as a community hall, a kitchen for family members, guestrooms for family members and friends, a chapel for services and patient's rooms with one bed which make it possible for the patients to communicate intimately with family members or friends. During these 7 years, from April '81 to March '88, 398 terminally ill cancer patients have been treated at the Seirei Hospice. Through these experience, we have observed that most of terminally ill cancer patients do wish to live as long as possible in good condition without physical pain. So, we should conclusively emphasize that medical treatment including radiotherapy and cancer chemotherapy, attempting to reduce the physical distresses, ought to be continued until the time when the treatment might come to waste the patient's energy and only increase their agony.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Histological study on the gingiva in PenCB poisoned beagle dogs].

We examined toxic effect of PenCB and therapeutic effect of squalane on the gingiva in PenCB poisoned beagle dogs. The results obtained were as follows. 1) PenCB exerted blood level-dependent changes of epithelial cells in which appearance of intracellular vacuoles and swollen mitochondria were observed. 2) Large vacuoles might be caused by degeneration of nerve ending were observed within the supra-basal layers. 3) We could not detect the definitive improvement in the gingiva of the PenCB poisoned beagle dogs followed administration of squalane.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Prevention of spinal cord ischemia after cross-clamping of the thoracic aorta--monitoring of spinal cord perfusion pressure and somatosensory evoked potentials].

The pressure difference between the mean distal aortic pressure (MDAP) and the cerebrospinal fluid pressure (CSFP), defined as the spinal cord perfusion pressure (SCPP), as well as somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP) were monitored intraoperatively to detect and prevent intraoperative spinal cord ischemia in 24 patients who required cross-clamping of the descending thoracic aorta. A temporary axillo-femoral shunt, utilizing a 10 mm woven Dacron tube graft, was employed in 10 patients and partial cardiopulmonary bypass was employed in fourteen. Ischemic SEP changes were seen in six patients. Two patients, whose SCPPs were 32 and 35 mmHg, showed a complete loss of SEP and subsequently developed paraplegia. In the other four cases, increase of the MDAP and/or withdrawal of cerebrospinal fluid were performed to increase the SCPP to more than 60 mmHg when ischemic SEP changes occurred. The SEP gradually recovered in two of these cases. The ischemic SEP changes seen in one patient, who had the longest aortic cross-clamping time, (175 minutes) returned to normal immediately after unclamping. In another case, who had a thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm, the intercostal arteries were reimplanted since the ischemic SEP changes did not revert. These four patients recovered without any neurological deficit. In the other 18 cases without ischemic SEP change, SCPP was kept at more than 40 mmHg during aortic cross-clamping. We conclude that the SCPP should be maintained at more than 40 mmHg during aortic occlusion, and increased to more than 60 mmHg when ischemic SEP changes occur, by increasing MDAP and/or withdrawing cerebrospinal fluid in order to prevent postoperative paraplegia.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Study of oval crystals in urine].

Urinary crystals were collected by repeated centrifugation from two outpatients with calcium oxalate crystalluria where oval forms predominated and were studied by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. Fibrous structure, biconcave surface and prismatic appearance of oval crystals were shown. The side view of oval forms may be prismatic X-ray diffraction patterns of urinary crystals indicated that oval crystals consist of calcium oxalate monohydrate.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Effects of dietary protein intake on renal function in humans.

The effects of an acute protein load on renal hemodynamic responses and plasma glucagon levels were investigated in 31 patients with biopsy proven chronic glomerulonephritis (24 cases) or chronic renal failure (6 cases). After baseline clearance measurements, the subjects ingested a high protein meal consisting of 1.2 to 1.5 g protein/kg body weight in the form of cooked beef followed by a second set of measurements. This acute protein load resulted in a rise of both creatinine and PAH clearances (from 86.5 +/- 6.0 ml/min to 98.3 +/- 7.1 ml/min and 531.1 +/- 59.1 ml/min to 688.9 +/- 72.9 ml/min, respectively). This was associated with an elevation of plasma glucagon levels from 104.6 +/- 7.9 pg/ml to 134.5 +/- 7.5 pg/ml. From these data we suggest that the augmentation of renal function following a high protein intake may be mediated by the simultaneous rise of plasma glucagon levels, and that the glucagon concentration in the portal vein rather than in the peripheral blood has a pivotal role in this setting.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Investigation of severe tuberculous pneumonia associated with irreversible exacerbation after intensive antitubercular chemotherapy--with regard to the etiology of initial reversible roentgenographic progression].

We reported 3 cases of severe tuberculous pneumonia associated with irreversible exacerbation and sequential death appeared after each intensive antitubercular chemotherapy containing INH, RFP, EB and SM. Acute tuberculous pneumonia probably represents an exudative hypersensitivity reaction to tuberculoprotein, rather than actual inflammation caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis organism. Mechanisms of the reversible roentgenographic progression are considered to be also similar to those of acute tuberculous pneumonia regarding the involvement of an exudative hypersensitivity reaction to tuberculoprotein. Our cases indicate that the involvement of reversible roentgenographic progression in patients with severe tuberculous pneumonia may result in the development of acute respiratory failure or adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), resulting from the acceleration of exudative hypersensitivity reactions by the intensive antitubercular chemotherapy. In the present report, relationships between tuberculous pneumonia, reversible roentgenographic progression and the appearance of acute respiratory failure (or ARDS) were discussed. Furthermore, the use of steroids is discussed.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

[Intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy with [Sar1, Ile8] angiotensin II in bladder cancer].

Twenty patients with bladder cancer were treated with intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy using CDDP and ADM in combination with [Sar1, Ile8] angiotensin II. A catheter was introduced into internal iliac artery by Seldinger's technique, and 100 mg of CDDP, 50 mg of ADM and 1 mg of [Sar1, Ile8] angiotensin II were infused through the catheter for 40 minutes. CR was observed in 8 of 20 patients. PR in 11 and NC in 1. Therefore, the response rate (CR + PR) was 95% (19/20). Side effects were generally mild and consisted of leukopenia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, alopecia, skin pigmentation and headache. Catheter-related complications were not observed. This study demonstrated that intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy with CDDP and ADM in combination with [Sar1, Ile8] angiotensin II was extremely effective in treating patients with bladder cancer.

1-Sarcosine-8-Isoleucine Angiotensin II↗
PubMed1989

[A case report of complete heart block by metastatic cardiac involvement from lung cancer].

A 77-year-old man who developed Adams-Stokes syndrome due to metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the His-bundle was reported. There was a small primary lesion in the left upper lobe (S5) of the lung, and it widely invaded to the chest wall and metastasized to the spleen and the ventricular septum of the heart. The clinical diagnosis of the metastatic cardiac involvement is often elusive. But some literatures suggested that the careful observation of serial ECGs and UCGs were very useful not only to diagnose the metastasis but to indicate the invasive style to the heart.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[The role of urine pH in the occurrence of phosphaturia].

The density of calcium phosphate and the pH were determined in 15 postprandial urine specimens with heavy precipitation of amorphous calcium phosphate, that is phosphaturia, collected from 5 patients with calcium urolithiasis (stone-formers) and 3 patients with no known urological disease (controls). Phosphaturia, not related to urinary tract infection or administration of alkalinizing agents, was found repeatedly at our outpatient clinic in these patients. The correlative relationship was not confirmed between the density of calcium phosphate and the pH. The concentration of calcium and phosphorus was also determined in 10 urine specimens with phosphaturia. The concentration of phosphorus was correlated significantly with the pH (r = -0.775, p less than 0.01), although the concentration of calcium was not correlated with the pH. The pH of 11 urine specimens with phosphaturia from the controls was 7.51 +/- 0.31 (mean +/- S.D.) and the pH of 18 urine specimens with phosphaturia from the stone-formers was 6.81 +/- 0.34. The pH was significantly lower in the urine specimens from the stone-formers than in those from the controls (p less than 0.01). We have noted that the occurrence of phosphaturia depends not only on the urinary pH but on the concentration of phosphorus. It is interesting that phosphaturia often occurs in urine specimens with a pH below 7 in stone-formers.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Expression of sodium pump activities in BALB/c 3T3 cells transfected with cDNA encoding alpha 3-subunits of rat brain Na+,K+-ATPase.

The cDNAs encoding alpha 3-subunits of rat brain Na+,K+-ATPase and the neomycin resistance gene were incorporated into BALB/c 3T3 cells by the co-transfection method. Stably transformed cells were selected with 300 micrograms/ml of neomycin (G-418) for 6 weeks. Northern blot analysis using the 3'-non-translated region of the cDNA as a probe revealed that the alpha 3 mRNA appeared in transfected cells. Na+,K+-ATPase activity of the transfected cells was twice that of wild-type cells. Regarding ouabain sensitivity, the Na+,K+-ATPase showed two Ki values for ouabain (8 x 10(-8) and 4.5 x 10(-5) M) in transfected cells while wild-type cells displayed only the higher value. Ouabain sensitivity of Rb+ uptake also demonstrated two Ki values in the transfected cells (8 x 10(-8) and 4 x 10(-5) M) and a Ki in wild-type cells of 4 x 10(-5) M. It is concluded that alpha 3 is a highly ouabain-sensitive catalytic subunit of Na+,K+-ATPase. It is also suggested that ouabain sensitivity is exclusively determined by the properties of the alpha-subunit rather than the beta-subunit. This is the first report on the catalytic characteristics of the alpha 3 isoform of Na+,K+-ATPase.

Animals↗