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Biomedical subjects

Y Hara

Publications and source records attributed to Y Hara.

At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Regression of hypertrophic osteopathy following removal of intrathoracic neoplasia derived from vagus nerve in a dog.

Surgical removal of an intrathoracic tumor derived from a vagus nerve was undergone in a dog with hypertrophic osteopathy. The tumor was pathologically diagnosed as malignant schwanoma. Soft tissue swelling, lameness, and itchiness in four limbs disappeared within 7 days after surgery. The proliferated periosteal osteophytes of the four limbs was progressively reduced with time by follow-up radiography on the 58th day after surgery. On the 710th day after surgery, these osteophytes were greatly decreased as osteopathy, malignant schwanoma.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Effect of tea polyphenols on fecal flora and fecal metabolic products of pigs.

The effects of tea polyphenols on fecal flora and fecal metabolic activities were studied in eight 30-day-old pigs fed a basal diet (control) or the diet supplemented with 0.2% of tea polyphenols for 2 weeks. During tea polyphenol administration compared to before administration, the levels of lactobacilli were increased significantly (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01 on days 7 and 14 of administration, respectively), whereas the levels of total bacteria (P < 0.01) and bacteroidaceae (P < 0.01 and P < 0.001 on days 7 and 14 of administration, respectively) were decreased significantly. The detection rate of lecithinase positive clostridia including Clostridium perfrigens showed a tendency to decrease during administration. No detectable change occurred in the levels of other organisms throughout the experimental period. Fecal concentrations of ammonia were decreased significantly (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01 on days 7 and 14 of administration, respectively). Fecal phenol (P < 0.001), p-cresol (P < 0.05), and skatol (P < 0.01) were reduced significantly on day 14 of administration compared to before administration. The amounts of fecal short chain fatty acids, acetic acid (P < 0.05) and lactic acid (P < 0.05) were increased significantly on day 14 of administration. The pH values were decreased slightly during administration. The odour of the feces was reduced remarkably during tea polyphenol administration.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Sedative effect of medetomidine and its reversal by atipamezole in house musk shrews (Suncus murinus).

This study was undertaken to evaluate the sedative effect of medetomidine, an alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist, and the counteractive effect of atipamezole, an antagonist to medetomidine, in house musk shrews (Suncus murinus). Two hundred, 300, 400, or 600 micrograms/kg of medetomidine was intraperitoneal injected into 89 house musk shrews. A sedative effect was produced in one to two minutes after injection. The dose-dependent prolongation of the sedative duration and the dose-dependent appearance of a hypothermic effect were demonstrated. With 200 micrograms/kg of medetomidine, the sedative effect obtained was not adequate in some of the animals. With 300 micrograms/kg and above, a stable sedative state was induced in all the animals. The duration of sedation in the house musk shrews was much longer (p < 0.01) in males than in females. This suggested the higher susceptibility of male house musk shrews to this drug. The sedative effect and hypothermia obtained with 400 micrograms/kg of medetomidine were completely counteracted by more than 2.0 mg/kg of atipamezole. With 0.5 and 1.0 mg/kg of atipamezole, only a partial antagonistic action was produced. Transient vomiting appeared in 4.5% of the house musk shrews at approximately one minute after injection of medetomidine. This side-effect had occurred before the sedative effect was obtained, and was not serious enough to be a problem. None of the 89 house musk shrews died in this experiment. The above results show that the combination of medetomidine and atipamezole is a highly effective and safe anesthetic treatment which permits easy handling of house musk shrews.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗
PubMed1995

[Influence of aging upon changes in symptoms and cardiac size associated with surgical repair of atrial septal defect in adults].

To elucidate the influence of aging upon the improvement of symptoms and cardiac size associated with surgical repair of atrial septal defect, clinical symptoms, cardiothoracic ratio and hemodynamic variables in older patients (group A; age at operation > or = 50 years old, n = 11) were compared with those in younger patients (group B; age at operation < 50 years old, n = 8). There were no differences in hemodynamic variables, i.e., peak systolic pulmonary pressure, pulmonary to systolic flow ratio (Qp/Qs), pulmonary to systolic vascular resistance ratio (Rp/Rs) and left to right shunt ratio between the two groups. Symptomatic benefits occurred in all patients, although 3 patients in group A who had atrial fibrillation preoperatively still displayed symptoms such as exertional dyspnea. The postoperative (after 3 months) cardiothoracic ratio improved in all patients except for 3 patients in group A who were operated at over 60 years of age. Although there was no significant difference in preoperative cardiothoracic ratio between the two groups, the postoperative cardiothoracic ratio in group B was significantly smaller than that in group A. These results indicate that operative closure of atrial septal defect is recommended for all patients aged 50 years old or older, but early improvement of symptoms and cardiomegaly in older patients is lower than that in younger patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Hearing results after anterior tympanotomy in cholesteatoma surgery].

Between 1987 and 1993, 71 ears of attic type cholesteatoma and 20 ears of adhesive type were operated on using the intact canal wall technique combined with anterior tympanotomy. Pre- and postoperative pure tone hearing after the surgery were analyzed, especially to determine whether anterior tympanotomy is harmful to the inner ear. Mean values of 500, 1000 and 2000Hz of air conduction threshold immediately, before and about 1 year after the operation were compared. In attic cholesteatoma, type 1, type 3, and type 4 of ossiculoplasty revealed significant improvement of 8.4dB, 9.3dB, and 8.0dB respectively. In adhesive cholesteatoma, results obtained were 8.4dB, 0.8dB, and -3.0dB. Differences between pre- and postoperative bone conduction threshold at 4000Hz were 1.5dB in type 1, 1.3dB in type 3, and 5.0dB in type 4 in attic cholesteatoma. Those in adhesive cholesteatoma were -2.5dB, -0.2dB, and -10.0dB respectively. From the results obtained, we concluded that (1) our results were satisfactory with regards to hearing ability following all types of ossiculoplasty in attic cholesteatoma and in type 1 in adhesive cholesteatoma, (2) anterior tympanotomy itself is not a harmful procedure to the inner ear in both types of cholesteatoma, (3) an increase in bone threshold in adhesive cholesteatoma is due to the surgical procedure at the stapes and/or the oval window.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[Renal transplant calculi in a renal allograft treated with extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy in a patient with persistent hyperparathyroidism: a case report].

Between 1984 and 1991, six of 105 renal transplant recipients at our institution formed urinary tract calculi after transplantation (5.7%). In these 6 patients, one case of nephrolithiasis in a transplanted kidney was treated with extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL). A 37-year-old woman underwent cadaveric renal transplantation twenty months before, and her renal function remained stable. However calculi in the transplanted kidney and bladder were formed and ESWL was used for the treatment of the renal calculus in the transplanted kidney. She was discharged from the hospital two weeks postoperatively while passing small gravel in the urine after successful fragmentation of the calculus without any major complications. As follow-up KUB film two weeks later demonstrated that all stone fragments had been passed, but she was treated again by ESWL four months later because IVP films four weeks later revealed recurrent calculi in the transplanted kidney. The stones were fragmented successfully and spontaneously passed with voiding. Moreover we performed total parathyroidectomy with autotransplantation for persistent hyperparathyroidism, with subsequent good clinical results.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Tissue type plasminogen activator (t-PA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI) in transplanted kidneys].

We have studied the involvement of fibrinolysis in acute rejection after kidney transplantation by analyzing changes in urinary levels of substances such as FDP, D-dimer, tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI). Fibrinolytic activity was found to be low (that is, PAI is dominant) during acute rejection, and it was elevated (that is, PA became dominant) as acute rejection subsided. It appears that the dominance of PA leads to an increase in the products of fibrinolysis and an elevation in the D-dimer/FDP ratio, resulting in disappearance of the acute rejection. Based on these findings, we thought it necessary to administer t-PA to kidney recipients so that PA becomes dominant earlier and the acute rejection can be reduced. It is necessary for us to directly study the phenomena within the kidneys. Therefore, we recently conducted a histochemical study of the distribution of t-PA, Urokinase type PA (u-PA) and PAI in transplanted kidneys. Transplanted kidney, which functioned well or showed signs of acute or chronic rejection, were biopsied. These renal samples as well as control samples (biopsied from normal nongrafted kidney) were examined as to distribution of t-PA, u-PA and PAI by the indirect enzyme complement method. In conclusion, t-PA, u-PA and PAI were detected in the glomeruli, arterioles, tubule and interstices of the control kidneys, well functioning grafts, acutely rejected grafts chronically rejected grafts. All samples showed intense chromatic responses in the arterioles and part of the tubules. On the whole, the chromatic response tended to be more intense in the acute rejection group than in the other group.

Fibrinolysis↗
PubMed1995

[Glomerular lesion in patients with type II mixed cryoglobulinemia having antibodies to hepatitis C virus].

We report here two cases of mixed cryoglobulinemia showing renal involvement associated with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. The subjects were 62- and 63-year-old males. Both patients presented with purpura on the legs, which was diagnosed as allergic vasculitis by skin biopsy. Case 1 followed a clinical course of progressive nephrotic syndrome with mild hematuria. He also had diabetes mellitus and hypertension. In contrast, case 2 showed only mild hematuria without proteinuria at the time of the renal biopsy. Both cases had immunological disarrangements, such as severe hypocomplimentemia and seropositive rheumatic factor. Recently, it was reported that patients with type II mixed cryoglobulinemia had HCV seropositivity, and revealed membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis. These facts strongly suggested that renal lesions are the result of direct damage mediated by cryoglobulinemia and an activated complement pathway through an immune complex mechanism related to HCV.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1995

[Clinical study on cerebrovascular diseases after renal transplantation].

Between October 1975 and December 1994, 131 renal transplants were performed on our hospital. Eight of these patients had 9 cerebrovascular diseases, which were 2 cerebral hemorrhages, 5 cerebral infarctions, 2 subarachnoid hemorrhages. Five of the 8 patients whose graft functions were bad died. We studied the relationship of the incidence of these complications to some factors as follows; 1) blood pressure, 2) hypercholestemia, 3) duration of hemodialysis, and 4) graft function. The cerebrovascular diseases after renal transplantation were related to the hypertension after renal transplantation and no correlation with the other factors could be found. Therefore, we think that the control of the hypertension after renal transplantation is the most important for the cerebrovascular diseases and the patient's prognosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[A surgical case of invasive thymoma with postaortic left innominate vein].

We report a surgical case of invasive thymoma with post-aortic left innominate vein (PALIV). The patient was a 59-year-old female, and admitted due to abnormal shadow on chest X-p. Preoperative chest CT demonstrated a invasive thymoma with the swelling of mediastinal lymph nodes. During the operation, we found no swelling of mediastinal lymph nodes, and the left innominate vein ran below the aortic arch and behind the ascending aorta. Thymothymomectomy combined resection of pericardium, lung and phrenic nerve was performed, with taking care of no injurying the PALIV. PALIV is a very rare anomary of vessels, and 32 cases have reported in the literature and only 15 cases in that of Japan.

Brachiocephalic Veins↗
PubMed1995

[A case of a single coronary artery in the presence of coexistent atherosclerotic coronary artery disease].

A 57-year-old female was admitted with 6-month history of effort angina. Ascending aortography showed that the right coronary artery (RCA) did not originate from the right coronary sinus. Coronary arteriography showed that the circumflex branch (CX) continued beyond the crux into the right atrioventricular groove to supply marginal branches to the right ventricle, that is, RCA originated from the CX at the crux. RCA had the 75% stenosis near the crux. Left anterior descending branch (LAD) also had 90% stenosis at segment 6. She did not have the additional congenital cardiac anomalies, and underwent coronary artery bypass grafting to LAD and RCA without problem.

Angina Pectoris↗
PubMed1995

[Clinical statistics of 67 cadaveric renal transplantation at the Department of Urology, Kinki University School of Medicine].

A statistic survey was made on the patients undergoing cadaveric renal transplantation between June, 1980 and December, 1993. The total number of patients was sixty-seven. The number of patients per year increased annually. The graft survival rate was 73.8% at 1 year and 63.1% at 5 years. Some transition was seen in immunosuppressive regimens using cyclosporin.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[Analysis of 4 cases of intralobar pulmonary sequestration].

Four cases with pulmonary sequestration treated in Tottori university hospital between January 1993 and December 1994 were reported. Case 1 was a 63-year-old male who had lung tumor without inflammatory findings. Differential diagnosis from lung cancer was needed, and aortography showed a aberrant artery from descending aorta. Pulmonary partial resection and division of aberrant artery were performed. Case 2 was a 71-year-old female who diagnosed pulmonary sequestration in other hospital 10 years ago. Tumor shadow did not progress compared with the old X-ray film. Because tumor size was remarkably diminished by aspiration of cystic tumor, conservative follow up was continued. Both case 3 and 4 were a 20-year-old man and 16-year-old female who had typical findings of pulmonary sequestration with inflammation and easily detection of aberrant artery by CT or aortography. Resection of sequestrated lung and division of aberrant arteries were performed in both cases. Pulmonary sequestration was the disease which should be always kept in our mind in differential diagnosis from various lung disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Dietary modulation of the carcinogenicity of the heterocyclic amines.

UNLABELLED: Heterocyclic amines (HCAs) are potent mutagens and carcinogens formed during cooking of meats or fish. They are, therefore, widely consumed by humans. PURPOSE: A series of studies explore modulation of the mutagenicity and carcinogenicity of typical HCAs like 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (IQ), and of 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo-[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP), through dietary fat, green or black tea, and tea polyphenols like epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and theaflavin gallate (TFG). Also examined was the carcinogenicity of the bacterial metabolite of IQ, 7-oxo-IQ. METHODS: Male and female F344 rats were fed diets with 75 ppm IQ for 12 months, and containing 5% or 20% corn oil. Complete necropsies after 15 months (males), or 18 months (females) were performed. Modification of the action of IQ and of PhIP in tests for bacterial mutagenicity (Ames test) or DNA repair in male rat hepatocytes (Williams test) by teas, EGCG or TFG was studied. Also compared was the activity of IQ and of 7-oxo-IQ in the tests of Ames and of Williams, and their carcinogenicity in male F344 rats upon intrarectal infusion. RESULTS: A high fat diet increased the carcinogenicity of low levels of IQ at several target organs. Multiple benign and malignant sebaceous skin tumors were noted in males but not in females. Green or black teas, EGCG, and TFG sharply reduced the mutagenicity of IQ and PhIP, and especially lowered the activity of IQ and of PhIP in the Williams test. 7-Oxo-IQ was active only in the Ames test, but not in the Williams test. Also, it was not carcinogenic, confirming that chemicals positive in the Ames test but negative in the Williams test are not likely carcinogens. CONCLUSIONS: The in vitro and in vivo effects of HCAs can be modified by dietary components such as fats or teas. An understanding of the underlying mechanisms may provide practical and realistic means of risk assessment, and may lower the risk associated with these nutritional carcinogens widespread in the human environment.

Amines↗
PubMed1994

Acidic fibroblast growth factor-like immunoreactivity in rat brain following cerebral infarction.

Expression of acidic fibroblast growth factor (aFGF) was studied by immunocytochemistry in the rat brain with or without cerebral infarction. In a model of infarction produced by occlusion of the middle cerebral artery, aFGF-positive staining that was not seen in controls appeared in both neurons and macrophages. Positive neurons were distributed mainly in the periventricular region of the hypothalamus. The neuronal aFGF began to be detectable about 24 h after the occlusion. The staining intensity for such neuronal aFGF increased until about 14 days after the surgery, but decreased gradually and was undetectable after more than 30 days. Positive macrophages first appeared on the 3rd day after the occlusion and were persistently seen up to the 7th day, but were no longer visible after 14 days. The present results suggest that aFGF may be involved in the repair processes following brain infarction.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Effects of double amino-acid substitution polymorphism in acid beta-galactosidase gene in two inbred strains of mice.

We observed earlier that there are 5 nucleotide polymorphisms in the protein coding sequence of the acid beta-galactosidase gene between the C57BL/6J and DBA/2J strains of mice. Two of them result in amino acid substitutions. Consequences of the difference in the primary amino acid sequence were studied by introducing the two DBA polymorphisms into the C57BL cDNA, individually and in combination, by oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis and expressing the resultant cDNAs in the COS-1 cell expression system. Introduction of one polymorphism, Asn517-->Asp into the C57BL cDNA, did not alter the acid beta-galactosidase activity in the transfected COS-1 cells, while introduction of Gly539-->Arg completely abolished the catalytic activity. When both polymorphisms were introduced together, as in the DBA mice, however, the acid beta-galactosidase activity was restored to that of the C57BL level. Thus, Asn517-->Asp appears to counteract the activity-abolishing effect of Gly539-->Arg, although it does not by itself raise the catalytic activity. All four types of cDNA generated similarly large amounts of stable mRNA in COS-1 cells. These results do not explain the significantly low acid beta-galactosidase activity in tissues of DBA mice, described earlier and also confirmed in this study.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Molecular cloning of P-type ATPases on intracellular membranes of the marine alga Heterosigma akashiwo.

Two cDNA clones (HAA13 and HAA1) which include conserved regions of genes of P-type ATPases were isolated from the marine alga Heterosigma akashiwo by a method that included the polymerase chain reaction. The longer cDNA (3286 bp), HAA13, consisted of an open reading frame that encoded a 106 kDa polypeptide of 977 amino acids with several possible transmembrane domains and conserved regions of eukaryotic P-type ATPases. One transmembrane domain had a leucine zipper structure. HAA1 was not a full-length gene (2054 bp) and lacked the 5' region, but it also included the conserved regions and putative transmembrane domains. Antibodies against the regions and putative transmembrane domains. Antibodies against the polypeptides encoded by HAA13 and HAA1 that have been expressed in Escherichia coli reacted with 100 kDa and 95 kDa polypeptides, respectively, on intracellular membranes of H. akashiwo cells. Immunostaining of H. akashiwo cells revealed that the HAA13 antigen was distributed on membranes around chloroplasts and the HAA1 antigen was located on small vesicles.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗