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Biomedical subjects

Y H Auh

Publications and source records attributed to Y H Auh.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Early gastric cancer: virtual gastroscopy.

Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers and one of the most frequent causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Early detection and accurate preoperative staging of early gastric cancer (ECG) offers the best prognosis and is essential for planning optimal therapy such as endoscopic mucosal resection or gastric resection. Recent advances in computed tomographic technology and three-dimensional imaging software have enabled more accurate gastric imaging. Virtual gastroscopy (VG) is helpful in the detection and evaluation of EGC in the same way as gastroscopy. VG has a wider field of view than conventional gastroscopy, the angle of the virtual cancer can be adjusted omnidirectionally, and it has no blind point because retrospective reconstruction is available. Thus, VG is a promising method for evaluating gastric lesions despite its limitations. This report describes the clinical usefulness of VG with multidetector row computed tomography for EGC and axial computed tomography.

Early Diagnosis↗
PubMed2001

Pelioid-type hepatocellular carcinoma masquerading as a hepatic hemangioma on technetium-99m red blood cell scintigraphy.

Technetium-99m red blood cell (RBC) scintigraphy is a very specific method to differentiate a hemangioma from other hepatic masses. The authors report a case of hepatocellular carcinoma that showed a focal area of increased uptake on Tc-99m RBC SPECT in a 60-year-old man. Dynamic computed tomography and angiography revealed features of both hemangioma and hepatocellular carcinoma. Pathologic examination showed that the portion of the hepatocellular carcinoma that showed increased uptake on Tc-99m RBC scintigraphy had peliosis, which is the likely cause of the radiotracer avidity.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed2001

Abdominopelvic actinomycosis involving the gastrointestinal tract: CT features.

PURPOSE: To assess the computed tomographic (CT) features of abdominopelvic actinomycosis involving the gastrointestinal tract. MATERIALS AND METHODS: CT scans were analyzed in 18 patients with pathologically proved abdominopelvic actinomycosis involving the gastrointestinal tract. Eight patients had a history of using intrauterine contraceptive devices. Bowel site, wall thickness, length, bowel involvement patterns, inflammatory infiltration, and features of peritoneal or pelvic mass, if present, were evaluated at CT. RESULTS: Of the gastrointestinal tract, the sigmoid colon was most commonly involved (50%). All patients showed concentric (n = 15) or eccentric (n = 3) bowel wall thickening, with a mean thickness of 1.2 cm and a mean length of 8.3 cm. The thickened bowel enhanced homogeneously in nine patients and heterogeneously in the other nine. Inflammatory infiltration was mostly diffuse and severe. In 17 patients, a peritoneal or pelvic mass (mean maximum diameter, 3.2 cm) was seen adjacent to the involved bowel and appeared to be heterogeneously enhanced in most cases; infiltration into the abdominal wall was seen in four patients. CONCLUSION: Actinomycosis should be included in the differential diagnosis when CT scans show bowel wall thickening and regional pelvic or peritoneal mass with extensive infiltration, especially in patients with abdominal pain, fever, leukocytosis, or long-term use of intrauterine contraceptive devices.

Actinomycosis↗
PubMed2000

CT and MR diagnoses of intestinal ischemia.

CT and MR imaging have an important role in establishing the diagnosis of mesenteric ischemia. However, without specific signs such as thromboembolism in the mesenteric vessel, intramural or portal venous gas, and the absence of bowel wall enhancement, mesenteric ischemia can be confused with inflammatory or neoplastic gastrointestinal diseases. Arterial or venous occlusion or low-flow state are the main direct causes of mesenteric ischemia. Delayed diagnosis in equivocal cases can be avoided through an understanding of the patholophysiological aspects of mesenteric ischemia as they occur in a variety of other conditions, including: thromboembolism, bowel obstruction, neoplasm, vasculitis, inflammatory diseases, trauma, and drug or radiation therapy.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed2000

CT features of metastatic linitis plastica to the rectum in patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis.

OBJECTIVE: We examined the CT features of 22 patients with metastatic linitis plastica to the rectum. CONCLUSION: Metastatic linitis plastica to the rectum should be considered when CT shows a long segment of circumferential rectal wall thickening, especially in patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis from gastric cancer. In such patients, CT helps avoid unnecessary extensive surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Radiologic findings of abdominal polyarteritis nodosa.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the radiographic and imaging findings of seven patients with polyarteritis nodosa involving the abdomen. CONCLUSION: Vasculitis should be considered when multiple abdominal organs have abnormal radiologic findings; however, angiography is necessary to specifically diagnose polyarteritis nodosa.

Abdomen↗
PubMed2000

Malignant papillary neoplasms of the intrahepatic bile ducts: CT and histopathologic features.

OBJECTIVE. We describe the CT and pathologic features of malignant papillary neoplasms of the intrahepatic bile ducts in 15 patients. CONCLUSION. CT is a useful technique for revealing intraductal lesions, although the findings are nonspecific and variable. When intraductal masses or nodules are seen with localized dilatation of the intrahepatic bile ducts on CT scans, malignant papillary neoplasms of the intrahepatic bile ducts should be included in the differential diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Percutaneous hot saline injection therapy: effectiveness in large hepatocellular carcinoma.

PURPOSE: To report on the efficacy of percutaneous hot saline injection therapy (PSIT) in the treatment of large hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-nine patients with 31 HCCs underwent PSIT. Physiologic saline was mixed with contrast medium and Lipiodol; this mixture was boiled and injected into the tumor. Mean tumor diameter was 7.0 cm. Initial regression rates were evaluated at 3-month interval with computed tomography (CT) and alpha-fetoprotein level measurement. Cumulative survival rates were calculated with the Kaplan-Meier method. Multivariate analysis using Cox's proportional hazard regression model was performed to determine the significant prognostic factors. RESULTS: Initial regression rate for all tumors at a 3-month interval was 42% (13 of 31 tumors) and the median survival was 10.0 months (range, 3.0-36.0 months). The significant prognostic factors were encapsulated tumors, tumors less than 10 cm in diameter, tumors with even saline dispersion, tumors with initial regression at 3-month follow-up, and TNM stage II or III rather than IV. CONCLUSION: PSIT is a feasible alternative treatment for a large HCC when transcatheter arterial chemoembolization is not feasible or has failed.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Modified small-bowel follow-through: use of methylcellulose to improve bowel transradiance and prepare barium suspension.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of barium suspension prepared in methylcellulose (MC) in modified small-bowel follow-through (SBFT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The authors evaluated 155 patients who underwent modified SBFT with oral administration of MC after ingesting barium suspension. Of these patients, 52 received 40% suspension in MC, 46 received 40% suspension in water, and 57 received 70% suspension in water. Patients were divided into normal (n = 74) and abnormal (n = 81) groups according to the final results. The image quality, transit time to the cecum, and time to and frequency of flocculation were compared for both groups. RESULTS: In the normal group, the quality of the images in patients receiving 40% suspension in MC or 70% suspension in water was superior to that of images in patients receiving 40% suspension in water. In the abnormal group, the best image quality was achieved for the patients who received 40% suspension in MC. In the normal group, the difference in transit time between the three preparations was not substantial. In the abnormal group, however, the 40% suspension in MC showed the fastest transit time. Use of the 40% suspension in MC helped lower the frequency of flocculation in the normal group. CONCLUSION: Use of 40% barium suspension in MC is effective for improving the image quality in modified SBFT.

Barium Sulfate↗
PubMed1999

Inflammatory pseudotumor of the liver in patients with recurrent pyogenic cholangitis: CT-histopathologic correlation.

PURPOSE: To correlate computed tomographic (CT) features of inflammatory pseudotumors of the liver with histopathologic results in patients with recurrent pyogenic cholangitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: CT features of 13 cases of inflammatory hepatic pseudotumor in 10 patients with recurrent pyogenic cholangitis were reviewed. Diagnosis was made by means of surgical resection in all patients. CT scans were analyzed for the appearance of masses and ancillary findings in correlation with the histopathologic findings in each resected specimen. RESULTS: The masses were 2.0-7.0 cm (mean, 3.5 cm). At nonenhanced CT, the masses appeared as ill-defined, hypoattenuating lesions. At contrast material-enhanced CT, the masses exhibited central hypoattenuating areas with an iso- or hyperattenuating thickened periphery in four cases and a multiseptate appearance with hyperattenuating internal septa and periphery in nine cases. CT-histopathologic correlation showed that the central hypoattenuating area indicated the presence of chronic inflammatory infiltrates with foamy histiocytes, plasmacytes, and lymphocytes, while iso- or hyperattenuating areas in the periphery and internal septa of the mass represented fibroblastic proliferation. All patients had CT features of recurrent pyogenic cholangitis, such as hepatolithiasis, intrahepatic duct stricture and dilatation, common bile duct calculi, pneumobilia, or parenchymal atrophy. CONCLUSION: Although CT features are not specific, inflammatory pseudotumor should be included in the differential diagnosis in patients with recurrent pyogenic cholangitis and a hepatic mass detected at CT.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis: radiologic findings with histologic correlation that focuses on intramural nodules.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to histologically classify intramural nodules associated with xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis and to evaluate the radiologic findings for each type of nodule. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Pathologic slides and radiologic studies including 14 sonographic and 16 CT examinations in 19 patients (12 men, seven women; mean age, 61 years) with xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis were reviewed. Radiologic findings were correlated with the histologic type of intramural nodule: abscess, xanthogranuloma, or a combination of the two. The duration of symptoms for each type of intramural nodule was also evaluated. RESULTS: Histologically, all patients had intramural nodules that were either abscesses (n = 11), xanthogranulomas (n = 5), or a combination of the two (n = 3). Radiologic studies revealed nodules in 10 patients (52.6%; four abscesses, four xanthogranulomas, and two combinations). For abscesses, the mean interval from onset of symptoms to surgery was 25 days; for xanthogranulomas, 70 days (p = .0057). Abscesses were associated with more complications of xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis. CONCLUSION: Intramural nodules in patients with xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis were found to represent abscesses or xanthogranulomas at histology. Xanthogranulomas were more often revealed radiologically than were abscesses. Abscesses caused more clinical complications. Because symptoms lasted longer for xanthogranulomas, we hypothesized that abscesses may become xanthogranulomas.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

CT features of intraperitoneal manifestations of parasitic infestation.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the CT features of intraperitoneal manifestations with parasitic infestation in nine patients. CONCLUSION: The CT features of intraperitoneal manifestations of parasitic infestation were single or multiple multiseptated cystic masses in the peritoneal cavity, hazy omental infiltration, or both. Recognizing these features is important to establish an early diagnosis that leads to rapid treatment and helps avoid unnecessary surgery.

Female↗
PubMed1998

US findings of xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis.

The ultrasound (US) scans of eleven patients with histologically proven xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis have been reviewed. The thickness of the gallbladder (GB) wall, echogenicity of the thickened GB wall, the presence of intramural nodules, gallstones, pericholecystic fluid, loss of wall definition with the liver, and intrahepatic ductal dilatation were specifically assessed by two radiologists. The range of thickness of the GB wall was 3-20mm (mean, 11.2 mm). Thickening was diffuse in nine cases and focal in two. The thickened GB wall, excluding intramural nodules, was echogenic in seven, isoechoic in three and hypoechoic in one, compared with hepatic echogenicity. Intramural nodules were found in eight cases. These were discrete, oval or flat, and of low echogenicity. These ranged in size from 6 to 12 mm (mean, 10.5 mm). Gallstones were present in six cases and there was intrahepatic duct dilatation in two of these. Definition between the liver and the GB was obliterated in seven cases. One case of GB perforation, confirmed at operation, demonstrated pre-operatively a GB wall defect and connection with the surrounding pericholecystic fluid. Pericholecystic fluid was absent in the other 10 cases. Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis presents ultrasonically as GB wall thickening, and the majority of cases in this series also demonstrated intramural hypoechoic nodules. These findings can be helpful in the diagnosis of xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Biliary stricture caused by blunt abdominal trauma: clinical and radiologic features in five patients.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical and radiologic features of biliary stricture after blunt abdominal trauma and to report the results of endoscopic stent placement. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Medical records and radiologic findings were reviewed in five patients with biliary stricture after blunt abdominal trauma. The level, length, and contour of the strictures were analyzed with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Computed tomographic (CT) scans were also reviewed to determine the presence of biliary dilatation, configuration of the injured bile duct, and ancillary abdominal findings. Results from endoscopic stent placement were evaluated in all patients. RESULTS: Stricture occurred in the suprapancreatic portion of the common bile duct in four patients and in the intrapancreatic portion in one patient. At ERCP, the stricture contour was concentric and smooth in three patients, eccentric and smooth in one, and abruptly terminated in one. CT showed abrupt narrowing of the common bile duct with dilatation of the proximal portion in all patients. Endoscopic stent placement was successful in all patients. CONCLUSION: Patients with biliary stricture after blunt abdominal trauma exhibit a delayed onset of symptoms. A correct diagnosis may be difficult on the basis of findings from CT or ERCP alone without a clinical history or evidence of contusions at other sites.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1998

Intestinal Behçet syndrome: CT features of patients with and patients without complications.

PURPOSE: To analyze the computed tomographic (CT) features of intestinal Behçet syndrome and to determine the usefulness of CT in detecting complications. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The CT scans of 28 patients with intestinal Behçet syndrome were retrospectively reviewed. Five patients had bowel perforation, and two had peritonitis. Patterns of bowel involvement, patterns of contrast enhancement, and ancillary findings were compared in patients with complications (n = 7) and patients without complications (n = 21). RESULTS: Ten patients had polypoid lesions, nine had a thickened bowel wall, and nine had both findings. Lesion enhancement was mild in eight patients (29%) and marked in 20 (71%). Polypoid lesions were more commonly seen in patients without complications (P = .020); a thickened bowel wall was more commonly seen in patients with complications (P = .030). Seventeen of 18 patients (94%) with minimal perienteric infiltration did not have complications (P = .0003), whereas all five patients with severe perienteric infiltration did have complications. CONCLUSION: In patients with known intestinal Behçet syndrome, CT can be useful in determining the extent of the lesions and in identifying cases in which complications are likely to occur.

Adult↗