Granuloma inguinale: first case reported in the last four decades in China.
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Amikacin↗
Biomedical subjects
Y Gao
Publications and source records attributed to Y Gao.
Antenatal betamethasone therapy potentiates nitric oxide-mediated relaxation of preterm ovine coronary arteries.
The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that betamethasone may potentiate nitric oxide-mediated relaxation of coronary arteries of preterm lambs. Isolated coronary arteries were obtained from lambs delivered at 128 days gestation. The lambs were treated intramuscularly with a single dose of betamethasone or saline 48 h before delivery and were killed after 3 h of ventilation after delivery. Vessel rings were suspended in organ chambers filled with modified Krebs-Ringer solution (95% O2-5% CO2, 37 degrees C), and their isometric tension was recorded. The endothelium-dependent relaxation induced by bradykinin and calcium ionophore A23187 was greater in arteries from antenatal betamethasone-treated lambs than in arteries from control lambs. The relaxation was abolished by N omega-nitro-L-arginine. Nitric oxide induced a greater relaxation in vessels from antenatal betamethasone-treated lambs and in vessels preincubated with betamethasone than in vessels from controls. Coronary arteries from control and antenatal betamethasone-treated lambs relaxed similarly to 8-bromoguanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate. Nitric oxide induced a greater increase in guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate content in coronary arteries from antenatal betamethasone-treated lambs than in arteries from control lambs. Our data suggest that antenatal betamethasone therapy potentiates nitric oxide-mediated relaxation in coronary arteries from preterm lambs, probably by affecting the activity of soluble guanylate cyclase of vascular smooth muscle cells.
Animals↗
Antenatal betamethasone therapy augments nitric oxide-mediated relaxation of preterm ovine pulmonary veins.
Antenatal glucocorticoid therapy improves pulmonary function in preterm newborns. We have determined the effect of antenatal glucocorticoid therapy on nitric oxide-mediated relaxation in pulmonary vessels of preterm lambs. Ovine fetuses (126 days gestation; full term = 150 days) were injected with betamethasone (0.5 mg/kg body wt) or saline. After 48 h, lambs were delivered, ventilated for 3 h, and killed. Isolated fourth-generation pulmonary arteries (2-3 mm diameter) and veins (1.5-2 mm diameter) were suspended in organ chambers filled with modified Krebs-Ringer solution (95% O2-5% CO2) at 37 degrees C, and their isometric tension was recorded. During contractions to endothelin-1 or U-46619 (in the presence of indomethacin), acetylcholine and bradykinin induced endothelium-dependent nitro-L-arginine-inhibitable relaxation in arteries and veins. The relaxation was greater in veins of betamethasone-treated than in those of control lambs. Veins from lambs without endothelium treated with betamethasone were more sensitive to sodium nitroprusside than veins from controls. For arteries, there was no significant difference in relaxation between different groups. Relaxation induced by 8-bromoguanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate was similar in arteries and veins of different groups. Radioimmunoassay showed that nitric oxide caused a greater increase in guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate in betamethasone-treated veins than in controls. These data suggest that antenatal betamethasone therapy augments nitric oxide-mediated relaxation of pulmonary veins of preterm lambs, probably by increasing soluble guanylate cyclase activity of vascular smooth muscle.
Animals↗
Prostaglandins E2 and I2 cause greater relaxations in pulmonary veins than in arteries of newborn lambs.
Prostaglandins E2 (PGE2) and I2 (PGI2) are important vasoactive mediators in pulmonary vessels. The present study was designed to determine whether the responses of pulmonary arteries to these prostanoids are different from those of veins in newborn lambs. Fourth-generation pulmonary arterial and venous rings without endothelium were suspended in organ chambers filled with modified Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate solution (95% O2-5% CO2, 37 degrees C), and their isometric force was measured. During contraction with endothelin-1 or U-46619 (indomethacin was present to eliminate the possible involvement of endogenous cyclooxygenase products), PGE2, PGI2, and carbacyclin (a stable analogue of PGI2) induced greater relaxations in veins than in arteries. In both vessel types, relaxations induced by PGE2 were greater than those induced by PGI2 or carbacyclin. Forskolin, an activator of adenylate cyclase, also induced greater relaxation of veins than of arteries. Relaxation induced by 8-bromoadenosine 3',5' -cyclic monophosphate, an analogue of adenosine 3',5' -cyclic monophosphate (cAMP), was comparable in both vessel types. Radioimmunoassay revealed that the basal and calcium ionophore A-23187-induced releases of PGE2 or 6-ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha (the stable breakdown product of PGI2) were similar between arteries and veins. Measurement of cAMP (in the presence of isobutylmethylxanthine) showed that PGE2 and forskolin induced greater increase in cAMP in veins than in arteries. Our results demonstrate that PGE2 and PGI2 are more potent vasodilators in pulmonary veins than in arteries in newborn lambs. A difference in the activity of adenylate cyclase may contribute to the differential responses to PGE2 and PGI2 between pulmonary arteries and veins. Furthermore, PGE2 appears play an more important role than does PGI2 in modulating pulmonary vascular tone of newborn lambs.
Animals↗
Suppression of glucocorticoid-induced thymocyte apoptosis by co-culture with thymic epithelial cells.
There are many reports concerning glucocorticoid-induced thymocyte apoptosis, but little is known about the participation of thymic stromal cells, especially the thymic epithelial (TE) cells, in the apoptosis. In this study, we investigated the in vitro effect of TE cells on dexamethasone-induced DNA fragmentation of thymocytes as a parameter for apoptosis. By co-culture of thymocytes with TE cell line, at the condition without cell-cell contact, the DNA fragmentation of thymocytes caused by physiological level of glucocorticoid was significantly suppressed. Same effect was detected when treated the thymocytes with the supernatant from the cultures of TE cell line. These results suggest that the humoral factors released from TE cells rescue the thymocytes from the glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis. Chemical and physico-chemical nature of the factors are discussed.
Animals↗
[Quality control of zhuanggu shenjin capsules].
Studies have been made on the microscopic identification of red jinseng, dog bone, indian bread, yanhusuo and datura flower in Zhuanggu Shenjin Capsules, as well as on the identification of ginsengside and tetrahydropalmatine by TLC and the determination of icariin by dual wavelength TLC-scanning. The content of the latter compound should be no less than 0.380mg/g and the average rate of recovery 97.62% (n = 5).
Berberine Alkaloids↗
[Effects of diagnostic ultrasound on villus ultrastructure of early pregnancy].
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of diagnostic ultrasound on villus ultrastructure of early pregnancy. METHODS: Using the electron microscopy, the effect of B-mode ultrasound and color Doppler flow image on villus of early pregnancy were studied. 46 cases of early pregnancy women were divided into five groups: Groups 1 : control group; Group II and III: 24 +/- 1 hours after exposure to B mode and color Doppler ultrasound for 30 minutes respectively; Group IV and V: 72 +/- 1 hours after exposure to B mode and color Doppler ultrasound for 30 minutes respectively. RESULTS: Expansion of perinuclear space in cytotrophoblasts and syncytiotrophoblasts, enlargement of rough endoplasmic reticulum, and vacuolization in the cytoplasm were found in Group II and III. CONCLUSIONS: The present study showed that the main injured sites after exposure to ultrasound were the plasma membrane and suborganelles. These changes disappeared within 3 days.
Adult↗
[Effect of methimazole and dexamethasone on leucocyte glucocorticoid receptor, plasma ACTH, and cortisol levels in Graves' disease].
Thirty-two cases of newly diagnosed Graves' disease with hyperthyroidism were recruited in this study on the changes of leucocyte glucocorticoid receptor (GCR), plasma ACTH, and cortisol levels befor and after treatment with methimazole (tapazole) alone (n = 16) and methimazole combined with Dexamethasone (Dex, TD group, n = 16). Twenty normals served as the control. Methimazole treatment was initiated with a dosage of 40 mg/d, tapered to 20 mg/d after two weeks and maintained until complete remission in both groups. Meanwhile, Dex 6 mg/d was added to the TD group along with methimazole from the commencement of therapy. The dosage of Dex was reduced to 4.5 mg/d on the 5th day and to 2.25 mg/d two weeks after treatment, and continued until remission. It was found that there was remarkable decrease in leucocyte GCR levels with a moderate elevation of plasma ACTH and a slight decline of plasma cortisol in untreated Graves' disease, suggestive of a compensation of the pituitary-adrenal axis function in hyperthyroidism. The levels of GCR, ACTH and cortisol returned to normal after complete remission by methimazole in the methimazole alone group. In the TD group, however, all GCR, ACTH and cortisol levels were significantly decreased after Dex therapy, implying down regulation of GCR by exogenous Dex and suppresion of the pituitary-adrenal axis. Thus the dosage of glucocorticoid should be appropriately adjusted to avoid adrenal insufficiency, especially in case of stress, due to the suppresion of pituitary adrenal function.
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
MR evaluation of the brain in central diabetes insipidus.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the role of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in determining the cause of central diabetes insipidus (CDI) by using MR imaging to describe the findings in the hypothalamic-pituitary area in patients with CDI. METHODS: Thirty-one cases of clinically proved CDI were prospectively studied. A control study was also conducted in 200 normal subjects. MR imaging was performed on a 1.0 T superconductive unit with T1-weighted images obtained in the sagittal, coronal and axial planes. RESULTS: Hypothalamic-pituitary masses or structural changes were identified in 26 cases and normal structures in 5. The normal high signal intensity of the posterior pituitary lobe was absent in 29 cases, but remained unchanged in 2. In the control group, the frequency of the high signal of the posterior lobe was 93%. CONCLUSIONS: The absence of the normal high signal in the posterior pituitary lobe is closely related to the loss of hypothalamic-pituitary function. MR imaging is very sensitive in demonstrating the changes in this area in CDI and it can provide an accurate diagnosis when combined with the clinical information.
Adolescent↗
[Expression of thyrotropin receptor gene in autoimmune thyroid disease and the relation to expression of HLA genes].
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of TSH receptor in autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) and the relation to expression of HLA I and II genes. METHODS: The TSH receptor transcript levels were examined in 10 human thyroid fragments by Northern blot analysis. Graves' disease 7, Hashimoto's disease 2, and 1 healthy thyroid gland. RESULTS: TSH receptor transcript levels were higher in Graves' disease than in Hashimoto's disease and healthy control. CONCLUSION: TSH receptor expression was inversely related to HLA I and II expression and lymphocyte infiltration.
Gene Expression↗
[A clinicopathological and immunohistochemical study of 34 cases of chordoma].
UNLABELLED: In order to investigate the clinicopathological and immunohistochemical features of chordomas, 34 chordomas, with 5 chondrosarcomas for comparison, were studied by clinicopathological and immunohistochemical methods. RESULTS: Based on the presence or absence of cartilaginous areas, chordomas are classified into two subtypes: chondroid chordoma (14 cases) and classic chordoma (20 cases). Chondroid chordoma occurred in a younger age group (mean age 40.9 years) than classic chordoma (mean age 51.1 years). 7/14 (50%) of chondroid chordomas occurred in the sacrococcygeal region, 4/ 14 (28.6%) occurred in the spheno-occipital region. Immunohistochemical staining showed that all chordomas were positive for cytokeratin, and 16 (47.1%) chordomas were also positive for EMA. In contrast, 5 chondrosarcomas were immunonegative for both cytokeratin and EMA. Vimentin and S-100 protein were positive in the majority of chordomas (29 & 24 respectively) and in the 5 chondrosarcomas. The present study confirms the dual features of chordoma-epithelial and mesenchymal, and also the utility of immunohistochemical staining in the differential diagnosis of chordoma and chondrosarcoma. The pathologic diagnosis of chondroid chordoma and other issues were also discussed in the study.
Adolescent↗
[Growth regulation of human ovarian cancer cells by growth factors in vitro].
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of growth factors in growth regulation of human ovarian cancer cells by in vitro. METHOD: The regulation effects of different growth factors on human ovarian cancer cell line HO-8910, such as on cell proliferation, DNA synthesis, the alteration of distributions of cell phase fractions and the changes of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) level in the presence of 2.5% fetal bovine serum (FBS) were analyzed. RESULT: (1) Insulin-like growth factor, transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-alpha) showed weak and positive effects and were dose dependent. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) strongly stimulated cell growth and DNA synthesis in HO-8910 cells, in contrast, TGF-beta 1 inhibited cell proliferation and DNA synthesis. (2) Following the actions of various growth factors on cells in vitro, corresponding alterations in the distributions of cell phase fractions, in the formation of silver-staining nucleolar organizer regions (Ag-NORs) and in the cAMP content appeared. CONCLUSION: The growth factors exert their growth regulating effects on ovarian cancer cells through intracellular signal transduction to bring about changes in nuclear DNA synthesis and alterations in the distribution of cell phase fractions. In the process of growth regulation on ovarian cancer cells by growth factors, the change of cAMP content presents double direction regulatory function. The growth inhibitory regulation of the TGF-beta 1 possibly functions as an autocrine. This report presents evidence supporting the important roles of the growth factors and may further the study into the mechanism of growth regulation by growth factors in this cell line.
Cell Cycle↗
[Aberrant p53 protein expression in oral candidal leukoplakia].
Expression of p53 protein in 17 cases of oral candidal leukoplakia (OCL) was studied by immunohistochemistry. p53 protein was identified in all 17 cases (100%) of OCL, and 78% in control cases. The number of p53 positive cells, determined as in per unit of epithelial length, were higher in OCL with epithelial dysplasia than in those without (P < 0.01). Severe dysplasia had the highest number of p53 positive cells. The mean value of p53 positive cells in OCL with simple epithelial hyperplasia was also higher than that in control group. The results indicate that aberrant p53 protein expression exists in OCL and this may be a biological marker for OCL with epithelial dysplasia.
Biomarkers, Tumor↗
[Pregnant women with Graves' disease: influence on fetus and treatment].
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Antithyroid Agents↗
[The effects of propylthiouracil on the fetal thyroid and serum concentration in pregnant women].
In order to study the effects of propylthiouracil (PTU) on the fetal thyroid and serum concentration, 9 women undergoing therapeutic abortion at the second trimester of pregnancy were given a single dose of 50, 100 and 150 mg PTU respectively. The concentrations of PTU in the maternal and fetal serum and those in the fetal thyroid tissues were determined with a high-performance liquid chromatographic method, the lowest limit of which was 25 micrograms/L. After an oral bolus of PTU, the PTU concentrations in the maternal serum reached a peak level after one hour and there was a wide individual variation of the peak value. The study showed PTU could be transferred through the placenta from the maternal blood to the fetal blood and highly accumulated in the fetal thyroid tissues. The fetal serum PTU concentrations correlated with those of their mothers at the same time (r = 0.7084, P < 0.02) and the concentrations in the fetal thyroid tissues could be evaluated by the maternal serum peak level after an oral bolus. PTU didn't inhibit the fetal thyroid peroxidase activity even when the maternal serum PTU concentration reached 4 mg/L, which is the lowest effective therapeutic concentration of PTU in adults.
Adult↗
[Expression of T3 receptor genes in peripheral lymphocytes from patients with thyroid dysfunction].
In order to explore the expression and regulation of T3 receptor genes, the relative amount of peripheral lymphocytes c-erbA alpha and c-erbA beta mRNA from patients with Graves disease and Hashimoto thyroiditis with hypothyroidism (HTH) was determined with hybridization by using human c-erbA alpha and c-erbA beta probes. The results showed that there were two types of c-erbA alpha mRNA (6.0 kb, 3.2 kb) and three types of c-erbA beta mRNA (5.0 kb, 3.0 kb, 2.0 kb). The levels of c-erbA alpha and c-erbA beta mRNA were found to increase in HTH patients, but unaltered in Graves disease patients. This result suggests the presence of up-regulation of nuclear T3 receptor at the gene level in the lymphocytes of hypothyroid patients. The high level of c-erbA alpha and c-erbA beta mRNA may contribute in part to the increase in T3 receptor.
Adult↗
[The effect of electric acupuncture on SEP of local cerebral ischemic-reperfusion rats].
The results suggest that 3 hours after cerebral ischemia, the P1-N1 amplitudes of the somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) of the cerebral cortex decrease significantly by the stimulation of cerebrum, while the latency period of both wave P1 and P2 prolonged; 2 hours later, the abnormal data of SEP have not any improvement. These suggest that the post-ischemic cortex and subcortical neurons were injured permanently by a substantial lesions from reperfusional injuries. Cerebral tissue histologic studies show that the infarcted focus locates in caudate nucleus and lateral cortex of cerebral hemisphere. But after electric acupuncture at Huantiao at the late stage of cerebral ischemia of rats, the abnormal data of SEP show better recoveries and manintains till 2 hours after reperfusion, and even near to that of the normal rat. All of them suggest acupuncture is effective obviously for ischemic injury of cerebral tissue, and possesses a presetting protection for reperfusional injury of cerebral tissue. So it is concluded that the efficacy of acupuncture results from its comprehensive and optimal regulation function to multisystem of the whole body.
Animals↗
[Studies on the mutagenicity of artificial musk].
Artificial musk-raw material, using as a substitute for traditional Chinese medicine musk, a new drug of class I was assessed for mutagenicity. The micronucleus rates of polychromatocyte in the bone marrow of mice were 2.8, 1.3 and 1.0/1000 when the treated dosage was 1800, 700 and 350 mg/kg. The results of Ames test for the strains TA97, TA98, TA100 and TA102 were negative with and without S9 mix when the concentration of artificial musk was 625, 1,250, 2,500 and 5,000 micrograms/plate, respectively. The chromosome aberration rates were 1.0, 0.8, 1.2% when the treated dosage was 360, 180, 90 mg/kg, respectively. The above results proved that no mutagenicity was found for artificial musk.
Animals↗