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Biomedical subjects

Y Furuya

Publications and source records attributed to Y Furuya.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Differential gene regulation during programmed death (apoptosis) versus proliferation of prostatic glandular cells induced by androgen manipulation.

By manipulating the circulating blood level of androgen, it is possible to induce either the programmed death (apoptosis) or proliferation of prostatic glandular cells. To examine the role of differential gene regulation in these two procedure, the expression of the mRNA of a series of genes was quantitated on a per cell basis during the androgen ablation-induced programmed death of rat prostatic glandular cells. These results were then compared to quantitative analysis of the mRNA expression of these same series of genes during the proliferative regrowth of prostatic glandular cells induced in rats castrated for 1 week before being treated with exogenous androgen replacement. These comparisons demonstrated that androgen ablation-induced programmed death of prostatic glandular cells share several (i.e. c-myc, H-ras, and tissue transglutaminase), but not most, of the epigenetic changes associated with androgen-stimulated proliferation of these cells. No enhancement of the mRNA expression of several genes required for entrance of prostatic glandular cells into the S-phase of the proliferative cycle (i.e. histone-H4, c-fos, p53, and ornithine decarboxylase) occurred during androgen ablation-induced programmed death of these cells. These results demonstrated that neither entrance into the S-phase nor progression through a defective proliferative cell cycle is involved in androgen ablation-induced programmed death of prostatic glandular cells. This was further supported by the observation that there is a set of genes (i.e. TRPM-2, transforming growth factor-beta 1, alpha-prothymosin, and calmodulin) in which mRNA expression is only enhanced during programmed cell death and not during proliferation of prostatic glandular cells induced by androgen replacement. These results demonstrate that prostatic programmed cell death is a distinct pathway from cell proliferation involving differential gene regulation.

Androgens↗
PubMed1993

Scanning electron microscopic study of the collagen networks of the normal mucosa, hyperplastic polyps, tubular adenoma, and adenocarcinoma of the human large intestine.

The three-dimensional structure of the collagen network of normal mucosa, hyperplastic polyps, tubular adenoma, villous adenoma and adenocarcinoma of the human large intestine was examined by scanning electron microscopy after cell-maceration with a low temperature NaOH solution. In the normal large intestine, the surface of the sub-basal laminar collagen sheath lining the crypts was generally smooth. In hyperplastic polyps, the crypts extended and the sub-basal collagen network protruded from the surrounding normal tissue. The sub-basal laminar collagen sheath was more densely arranged near the openings of the crypts and on the luminal surface than in deeper regions of the crypts. In tubular adenoma, the tumor glands showed meandering, bending, and divisions. The sub-basal laminar collagen sheath was composed of densely packed collagen fibrils. In villous adenoma, the sub-basal laminar collagen sheath formed foliate or linguiform villous cores projecting sharply into the lumen. In adenocarcinoma, the sub-basal laminar collagen sheath exhibited a dense arrangement of fibrils in the central region of the tumor. Toward the marginal region, the collagen sheaths surrounding tumor glands became thinner, and at the edge of the marginal region, basket-like collagen sheaths were observed around individual tumor cells infiltrating the interstitium. Such a tumor lesion was frequently surrounded by a thick collagen fiber zone.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1993

[Epidural buprenorphine under nitrous oxide-oxygen-enflurane anesthesia in elderly patients].

The effects of epidural buprenorphine (Bn) under nitrous oxide-oxygen-enflurane (E) anesthesia in elderly patients were examined. The subjects were older than 65 years (n = 82) and scheduled for abdominal surgery. They were divided randomly into two groups according to epidural drugs used. The first group received epidural Bn 0.1-0.2 mg (group B, n = 41). The second group received epidural Bn 0.1-0.2mg + 1% lidocaine (group BL, n = 41). The enflurane concentration was 1.13% in group B, and it was significantly higher than 0.78% of group BL (P < 0.01). There was no intra-group difference in the highest systolic blood pressure during operation. The lowest systolic blood pressure during operation was 92.0 +/- 2.1 mmHg in group BL and it was significantly lower than 100.2 +/- 2.9 mmHg of group B (P < 0.05). The percentage of patients who needed vasoconstrictor drugs was 12% in group B, and it was significantly smaller than 42% of group BL (P < 0.01). On the other hand the percentage of patients who needed vasodilator drugs was 39% in group B, and it was significantly larger than 17% of group BL (P < 0.05). There was no intra-group difference in arousing time from anesthesia. Concerning the postoperative respiratory state, there was no intra-group difference in the respiratory rate, tidal volume and PaO2. But the PaCO2 value was 44.7 +/- 0.8 (mean +/- SE) mmHg in group BL, and it was significantly higher than 40.7 +/- 0.7 mmHg of group B (P < 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Abdomen↗
PubMed1993

[Changes in respiration and hemodynamics during open heart surgery without blood transfusion].

The changes in respiration and hemodynamics during open heart surgery were studied in 25 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting without blood transfusion. The respiratory and circulatory parameters were measured at the time of anesthetic induction and after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). The values after CPB were compared with those at the time of anesthetic induction. The values of HR, CI, SVI and mPAP increased, and the values of mAP, SVRI and PVRI decreased after CPB. The PaO2, BE and pH decreased but PaCO2, A-aDO2 and QS/QT increased after CPB. Although VO2I and DO2I increased after CPB, OER (VO2I/DO2I) was unchanged. Arterial lactate, pyruvate and cortisol levels increased after weaning from CPB. Hemodynamics during open heart surgery without blood transfusion showed hyperdynamic state after CPB. Hypoxia was not evident in the peripheral tissue. This suggests that the depression of the oxygen delivery with hemodilution is compensated by hyperdynamic circulation. Coronary artery bypass grafting without blood transfusion seems to offer no clinical problems.

Blood Transfusion↗
PubMed1993

[Evaluation of skin temperature of patients under spinal anesthesia during cesarean section].

Temperature changes of the first finger and toe were evaluated in patients under spinal anesthesia. One hundred and thirty female patients who were to undergo cesarean section were selected for this study. During spinal anesthesia the changes in skin temperature were classified in three patterns. The first pattern showed a rise of the first finger and toe temperature just after intrathecal injection of 0.3% dibucaine (hand and foot type, n = 77). The second pattern showed only a rise of the first toe temperature (foot type, n = 55), and the third pattern showed no change in the first finger and toe temperature (unchanged type, n = 3). The results of cold description tests were T5 +/- 2 (mean +/- SD) in hand and foot type, T8 +/- 2 in foot type and L1 +/- 6 in unchanged type. The skin temperature pattern was affected by the position of the patient. When the patients were placed in a head down position, 38 cases of foot type showed a rise of the first finger temperature, and 1 case of unchanged type showed a rise of the first finger and toe temperature. In these cases the operative procedure was done under spinal anesthesia. The remaining 4 cases of foot type and 2 cases of unchanged type needed another anesthetic method. In cesarean section under spinal anesthesia, skin temperature pattern of hand and foot type seems desirable. Simultaneous monitoring of hand and foot (first fingertip temperature) seems to be useful to evaluate the height of spinal anesthesia.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Comparison of sevoflurane and halothane in pediatric anesthesia].

In the present study we compared sevoflurane (group S) and halothane (group F) as used in pediatric endotracheal anesthesia. The subjects consisted of 100 pediatric patients, each 50 in group S and F, most of whom underwent otorhinolaryngological surgery. Anesthesia was induced with nitrous oxide-oxygen-sevoflurane (GOS) (S 3-5%) or nitrous oxide-oxygen-halothane (GOF) (F 1.5-2.5%), and maintained with GOS (S 2-3%) or GOF (F 1.0-1.5%). In comparing the groups with respect to anesthetic induction, group S required 2.1 min for the loss of consciousness, 6.1 min for ocular fixation and 9.7 min for completion of intubation, while in group F the time intervals for the above items were 2.4, 4.9 and 10.2 min, respectively. No significant differences were found between the two groups except in the loss of consciousness and ocular fixation. Comparison of the groups during maintenance of anesthesia revealed no significant differences, although pulse rate and diastolic blood pressure increased in both groups. When the groups were compared for awakening from anesthesia, group S required 10.1 min for awakening and 11.9 min for extubation, while in group F the time was 13.0 min and 15.4 min, respectively. These values were significantly different. The present study demonstrated that sevoflurane anesthesia is rapid in both induction and awakening as compared with halothane anesthesia, and that GOS inhalation anesthesia with single use of sevoflurane can be usefully applied to pediatric endotracheal anesthesia.

Anesthesia, Inhalation↗
PubMed1993

[Relation between fingertip temperature pattern and epidural puncture site during epidural anesthesia combined with general anesthesia].

We are employing fingertip temperature monitoring to estimate the spread of epidural anesthesia in patients who received combined epidural and general anesthesia. In this study we examined the relation between fingertip temperature pattern and epidural puncture site. One hundred patients scheduled for elective digestive tract surgery were studied. They were divided into three groups according to the epidural puncture sites as follow; Group 1, T7-9 (n = 26); group 2, T9-12 (n = 48); and group 3, T12-L5 (n = 26). Fingertip temperature was determined by Anritsu thermocouples. These probes were attached to the thumb and the big toe (hand and foot fingertip). The changes of these temperatures were classified to four types. In type 1, the hand fingertip temperatures were elevated after administration of the local anesthetics. In type 2, both hand and foot fingertip temperatures were elevated. In type 3, the foot fingertip temperature was elevated. In type 4, the hand and foot fingertip temperatures were unchanged. In group 1, we found 10 cases of type 1, 13 cases of type 2 and 3 cases of type 3. In group 2; 15, 22, 11 cases respectively. In group 3; 1, 16 cases respectively and 1 case in type 4. In group 1 and 2, the type 1 temperature pattern was observed more than in group 3 (P < 0.01). And in group 3, the type 3 temperature pattern was observed more than in group 1 and 2 (P < 0.01). We found no intergroup difference in type 2 pattern. But there were some exceptions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Anesthesia, Epidural↗
PubMed1993

[The circulatory and respiratory effects of methylprednisolone associated with catecholamine administration of a few hours].

We studied the circulatory and respiratory effects of methylprednisolone (MPS) associated with catecholamine administration of a few hours after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Forty patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting were randomly divided into two groups. Twenty patients in group 1 [MPS (-) group] did not receive MPS and 20 patients in group 2 [MPS (+) group] received MPS 15 mg.kg-1 i.v. 60 minutes after CPB. The circulatory and respiratory parameters were measured 60 minutes after CPB, 30 minutes after MPS i.v. and 60 minutes after MPS i.v. The values in MPS (-) group were compared with those in MPS (+) group. CI and SVI decreased, and SVRI and PQR increased in MPS (-) group, but these values were unchanged in MPS (+) group. RAP, mPAP, PCWP and PVRI were unchanged in MPS (-) group. PCWP increased and the other values were unchanged in MPS (+) group. The blood gases and pulmonary alveolar function were not different between the two groups. The oxygen delivery decreased in MPS (-) group, but it was unchanged in MPS (+) group. The oxygen consumption was unchanged in the two groups. Blood cortisol increased and epinephrine and norepinephrine decreased in MPS (+) group. Methylprednisolone had an effect to improve the decreased CI and the increased SVRI, and no respiratory problems were observed in patients for coronary artery bypass grafting with catecholamine administration for a few hours after cardiopulmonary bypass.

Blood Circulation↗
PubMed1992

Magnetic resonance angiography of extracranial carotid and vertebral arteries, including their origins: comparison with digital subtraction angiography.

Although carotid bifurcation stenoses are not the only lesions of the extracranial cerebral arteries, magnetic resonance angiographic (MRA) studies to date have concentrated on the carotid bifurcation. We compared digital subtraction angiography of the extracranial portions of the cerebral arteries with MRA using an ordinary body coil, the time-of-flight method, and multiple transverse slabs which covered the arteries down to the aortic arch. Twenty-two patients (15 with arteriosclerotic diseases, 4 with aortitis, and 3 with tumours) had MRA using a 1.5 T magnet system with a three-dimensional fast imaging with steady state precession (FISP) technique. Thirty-nine carotid and 39 vertebral arteries were assessed by three radiologists with regard to stenoses or occlusions, graded as normal, mild (< 30%), moderate (30-60%) or severe (> 60%) stenosis, or occluded. Grading corresponded well in 81%; stenoses appeared more marked on MRA in 14% and were seen less clearly on MRA in 5%. When 26 carotid bifurcations were assessed separately, grading corresponded well in 95%. MRA is the only method which can display the whole course of the extracranial carotid and vertebral arteries non-invasively and satisfactorily.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Loss of androgen dependency with preservation of functional androgen receptors in androgen-dependent mouse tumor (Shionogi Carcinoma 115).

Shionogi Carcinoma 115 (SC 115) is an androgen-dependent mouse tumor. Chiba Subline 2 (CS 2) is an androgen-independent subline derived from SC 115. CS 2 contains androgen receptors (AR), but is refractory to androgen and does not exhibit androgen-related responses which are observed in SC 115. In the present study the structure and function of AR in SC 115 and CS 2 are examined using cloned cells. There were no gross rearrangements or deletions in the AR genes of these cell lines when compared by Southern blot analysis with the AR gene in the mouse seminal vesicle. SC 115 and CS 2 expressed AR mRNA of normal size. When the cDNA containing DNA- and androgen-binding domains of the AR genes of both cell lines were amplified by polymerase chain reaction, no mutations were found in these regions. SC 115 and CS 2 were transfected with a plasmid containing a long terminal repeat of mouse mammary tumor virus linked to the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) gene. Androgen stimulation of these transfectants resulted in equal elevation of CAT activity. These results indicated that the androgen-independent CS 2 contained functionally normal AR which were identical to those in the androgen-dependent parent tumor.

Androgens↗
PubMed1992

Identification of human blood in mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) using nonradioactive DNA dot blot hybridization.

A dot blot hybridization procedure was developed to detect human blood meals in engorged mosquitoes. A biotinylated DNA probe allowed the detection of 10-100 ng of human DNA, discriminated well between human and nonhuman sources of blood, and cross-reacted only with monkey DNA. Results showed that this method was a specific and sensitive technique for the identification of blood meals up to 100 h after ingestion. The nonisotopic label offers easy handling without the problems inherent in the use of radioisotopes, and it can be adapted for use in routine field tests.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Epidemiology of Tsutsugamushi disease in relation to the serotypes of Rickettsia tsutsugamushi isolated from patients, field mice, and unfed chiggers on the eastern slope of Mount Fuji, Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan.

A total of 59 strains of Rickettsia tsutsugamushi were isolated from patients (24 isolates), Apodemus speciosus mice (30 isolates), and unfed larvae of Leptotrombidium scutellare (2 isolates) and Leptotrombidium pallidum (3 isolates) in the Gotenba-Oyama District, Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan. All these isolates were classified into the three serotypes Karp, Kawasaki, and Kuroki based on reactivity with strain-specific monoclonal antibodies. Kawasaki- and Karp-type rickettsiae were isolated from L. scutellare and L. pallidum, respectively, and the geographic distribution of patients and rodents infected with these two types of rickettsiae coincided with the areas densely populated by the respective chiggers. From these results, we conclude that Kawasaki-type rickettsiae are transmitted by L. scutellare and Karp-type ones are transmitted by L. pallidum. Kawasaki-type rickettsial infections were prevalent in early autumn, and Karp-type infections showed a peak of occurrence in the late autumn, reflecting the seasonal fluctuations of L. scutellare and L. pallidum. Isolates of Kuroki-type rickettsiae were obtained only from four patients in October and November, and the relationship between this type of rickettsia and its vector species could not be fully defined.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Changes in forehead and sole tissue temperature during cardiopulmonary bypass for acquired cardiac disease].

The forehead tissue temperature (FT-T) and the sole tissue temperature (ST-T) were measured and recorded by a deep body thermometer (Terumo Corp.) during open heart surgery. The changes in FT-T and ST-T after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) showed two characteristic patterns; the convergence pattern and the dissociation pattern. It is said that the dissociation pattern can notes a poor peripheral circulation. The deverging point of the two patterns was studied in 65 patients with acquired cardiac disease. We divided the patients into two groups taking 3.5 degrees C of the FT-T and ST-T difference (DT) after 2 hour weaning from CPB. The number of the patients in convergence group (group I) was 42, and that in the dissociation group (group II) was 23. The two groups were compared with the DT and the time required for the rise in each temperature from CPB rewarming to CPB weaning. There was no intergroup difference in the DT when the FT-T began to rise upon CPB rewarming. However, the DT was 3.8 +/- 2.3 (mean +/- SD) degrees C in group I and 7.1 +/- 1.8 degrees C in group II when the ST-T began to rise, and 4.2 +/- 2.5 degrees C in group I and 6.9 +/- 1.4 degrees C in group II when the FT-T reached its peak; the figures were significantly lower in group I (P < 0.01). The time required for the rise in ST-T was significantly shorter in group I (14.8 +/- 17.1 min) than in group II (25.8 +/- 14.7 min).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Cardiopulmonary Bypass↗
PubMed1991

Appearance of malignant phenotype with partial loss of hormone dependency in androgen-dependent Shionogi Carcinoma 115 transfected with hst-1 gene.

Shionogi Carcinoma 115 (SC 115) and Chiba Subline 2 (CS 2) are an androgen-dependent mouse tumor and an androgen-independent subline derived from SC 115, respectively. Since new expression of the transforming oncogene hst-1 might be related with autonomous progression in CS 2, the present study was designed to examine the influence of expression of hst-1 gene on SC 115. The transfectants of SC 115 with hst-1 still retained androgen sensitivity of growth, although the cells could grow without androgen. The transfectants, however, developed fibroblast-like appearance in the absence of androgen, in contrast to SC 115, which showed epithelial-like appearance after deprivation of androgen. The transfectants acquired an ability to form colonies in soft agar in the absence of androgen. SC 115 could not form tumors in intact mice, but the transfectants formed tumors at a high rate in male mice but not in female ones. From these results, it was concluded that expression of hst-1 was able to alter the phenotype of the androgen-dependent tumor with partial loss of androgen-dependency, and these changes might be advantageous for malignant progression.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Specific amplification of Rickettsia tsutsugamushi DNA from clinical specimens by polymerase chain reaction.

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect Rickettsia tsutsugamushi-specific DNA in clinical specimens. The primer pair used for PCR was designed from the nucleotide sequence of the gene encoding the 56-kDa antigen of the Gilliam strain. Theses primers led to a 78-bp fragment by amplifying the genomic DNAs from five serovariants, i.e., the Gilliam, Karp, Kato, Kawasaki, and Kuroki strains of R. tsutsugamushi, and also the DNA from blood clots of patients with scrub typhus, even at the early stage of onset of the disease. This indicates that this method is suitable for the diagnosis of scrub typhus.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1991

Use of monoclonal antibodies against Rickettsia tsutsugamushi Kawasaki for serodiagnosis by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against Rickettsia tsutsugamushi Kawasaki were prepared. The crossreactivity tests of the MAbs performed by using antigenically distinct strains of R. tsutsugamushi in immunofluorescence and immunoblotting analyses indicated that the Kawasaki strain contains a strain-specific epitope and also contains a common epitope on the 56-kDa polypeptide cross-reactive with the Gilliam strain, group- and subgroup-specific epitopes on the 46-kDa polypeptide, and a subgroup-specific epitope on the 25-kDa polypeptide. By using the strain-specific MAb for serodiagnosis of tsutsugamushi disease (or scrub typhus fever), we have established a method which was designated the inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The principle of the method is to measure the percentage of inhibition of antigen absorption on a MAb-coated plate by antibody-positive sample sera which were mixed with the antigen suspension. The advantages of this test for practical use are that (i) crude antigen can be used, i.e., purification of the antigen is not required; (ii) the test is more sensitive than immunofluorescence; (iii) the final judgment of plus or minus is clear-cut; and (iv) rickettsial antigenic types in the patients can be distinguished by this test.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗