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Biomedical subjects

Y Furuya

Publications and source records attributed to Y Furuya.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

[Cyclophosphamide-induced bladder cancer in a patient with Wegener granuromatosis].

Cyclophosphamide (CPM) has been considered to be a factor of bladder carcinogen. A 60-years old woman had been received a total dose of 370 g of CPM for the treatment of Wegener's granulomatosis since August, 1977. She was consulted to our department with chief complaint of macrohematuria in August, 1986. Hemorrhage cystitis was diagnosed and cystoscopy and urine cytology were performed as follow-up schedule in every year. In 1996, urine cytology showed class IV and cystoscopy revealed multiple nonpapillary tumors. Abdominal computerized tomography demonstrated a low density mass on the posterior wall of the bladder. A transurethral cold cup biopsy showed G3 transitional cell carcinoma (TCC). Radical cystectomy and tubeless cutaneous ureterostomy was performed on December 6, 1996 and histopathological diagnosis was TCC, G 3, pT3 bNXM0. She died of liver failure due to metastatic bladder cancer after seven months postoperatively.

Carcinoma, Transitional Cell↗
PubMed1999

Usefulness of fluorescence photography for diagnosis of oral cancer.

This study was carried out to evaluate the validity of fluorescence photography as an adjunctive diagnostic method for oral cancer. Fluorescence photography was performed on 130 oral lesions in 130 patients. Lesions showing red, orange or pink fluorescence on the photographs were defined as positive, while all other lesions were considered negative. Seventy-two (91.1%) of 79 carcinomas and 6 (85.7%) of 7 epithelial dysplasias were judged as positive, whereas two (4.5%) of 44 benign lesions that were not dysplasias showed positive fluorescence. Sixty-nine (94.5%) of 73 squamous cell carcinomas showed positive fluorescence. These results suggest that fluorescence photography is useful as an adjunctive diagnostic method for oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Penile carcinoma with humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy (HHM): a case report].

A 57-year-old male, with 1.5 cm tumor in his prepuce, was admitted to our institute in Feb. 1990. Circumcision and inguinal lymph node dissection was performed under the diagnosis of T1 disease of penile carcinoma. Pathological evaluation revealed well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). In April 1996, the patient revealed recurrence of the disease in the right inguinal lymph nodes and the lower abdomen, that was diagnosed to be poorly differentiated SCC. Laboratory findings showed elevation of serum calcium, parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) levels. Immunohistochemical staining confirmed production of PTHrP in the tumor tissue. This is the first case report of penile carcinoma that caused humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy in Japan.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1999

[The changes of peripheral skin temperature in elderly patients under spinal anesthesia].

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the changes of body temperature in elderly compared with younger patients during spinal anesthesia. Twenty six patients, ASA I-II were divided into two groups, (13; under 30 years of age, 13; above 60 years) who received spinal anesthesia with 0.3% dibucaine at the interspace between L 3 and L 4. All patients were anesthetized below T 8 level. Central temperature was measured at the forehead, and peripheral skin temperature was measured at the finger tip and the toe tip for 25 minutes at every 5 minutes. In both groups, forehead temperature and finger tip skin temperature were unchanged, but toe tip skin temperature increased 5 minutes after spinal anesthesia. The degree of toe tip skin temperature change was significantly lower (P < 0.01) in elderly patients and the speed was also slower. We recognized that the change in peripheral skin temperature during spinal anesthesia is not different between elderly and younger patients, but the speed of temperature change is slower in elderly patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Rickettsiae].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay↗
PubMed1998

In vitro changes of the nuclear AgNORs pattern induced by RNA inhibitors and 5-fluorouracil in human breast cancer cells, MCF-7 and HBC-4.

The morphological changes of argyrophilic nucleolar organizer regions (AgNORs) were studied in two human breast cancer cell lines, MCF-7 and HBC-4. Treatment with an RNA polymerase inhibitor (actinomycin D) reduced the size of AgNORs and increased the number of AgNORs. Messenger RNA polymerase inhibitor (alpha-amanitin) also increased the number of AgNORs. However, translational blocking agents closely related to ribosomal RNA (cycloheximide and anisomycin) caused a decrease in the number of AgNORs, which seemed to fuse to an aggregate around the nucleolus and formed a single large spherical AgNOR in the final stage. These changes were observed typically when cells were treated with 5-fluorouracil or 5-fluorouridine. These morphological changes in the AgNORs pattern, AgNORs aggregation, might reflect certain damage in ribosomal RNA.

Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic↗
PubMed1998

Differential effects of the strychnine-insensitive glycine site antagonist (+)-HA-966 on the hyperactivity and the disruption of prepulse inhibition induced by phencyclidine in rats.

The amplitude of the acoustic startle response is reduced by a preceding weak stimulation which by itself does not elicit the startle response. This phenomenon is named prepulse inhibition (PPI) and is thought to reflect the operation of the sensorimotor gating system, which is deficient in schizophrenic patients. It has been reported that an antagonist at the strychnine-insensitive glycine site has atypical neuroleptic properties in experimental animals. To evaluate the effect of an antagonist at the site on disrupted PPI, we examined whether (+)-HA-966 antagonizes phencyclidine-induced (3 mg/kg s.c.) and apomorphine-induced (1 mg/kg s.c.) disruption of PPI in rats. In addition, its effect on phencyclidine-induced hyperactivity was tested. The effects of (+)-HA-966 were compared with those of haloperidol, a typical neuroleptic. (+)-HA-966 antagonized phencyclidine-induced hyperactivity, but not phencyclidine-induced disruption of PPI, which is thought to be a model of refractory symptoms in schizophrenia. Furthermore, (+)-HA-966 did not improve the deficit in PPI induced by apomorphine. On the other hand, haloperidol antagonized phencyclidine-induced hyperactivity and the disruption of PPI by apomorphine, but not by phencyclidine. The results of this study might mean that (+)-HA-966 antagonizes the behavioral change induced by excessive dopamine release (the increment of locomotor activity due to phencyclidine), but not the effect induced by a direct dopamine agonist or the dopamine-independent effect of phencyclidine (the disruption of PPI). Thus, as regards antagonism of phencyclidine-induced disruption of PPI, (+)-HA-966 does not appear to have an atypical neuroleptic-like effect.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Relationship between nodal stage and the number of dissected perigastric nodes in gastric cancer.

To evaluate the rationality of the current nodal staging system in gastric cancer, we retrospectively analyzed 152 patients with perigastric node involvement localized to a single station, in whom the route of metastasis to distant nodes was limited. No significant differences in pathology or survival were observed between patients with stage n1 and those with stage n2-3 nodal involvement, but the mean (standard deviation) number of perigastric nodes dissected was 22.6 (12.6) in those with stage nl involvement and 18.5 (9.5) in those with stage n2-3 involvement (P = 0.04). When perigastric node involvement was localized to station 3, the mean number of dissected station 3 nodes was 7.7 (4.2) in nl patients and 5.3 (2.8) in n2-3 patients (P = 0.04). This tendency was also observed in patients with perigastric node involvement limited to either station 1 (P = 0.08) or station 6 (P = 0.11). Thus, patients with fewer perigastric nodes may have more lymphatics that bypass perigastric nodes and empty directly into distant nodes, increasing the likelihood of skip metastases. The number of positive nodes, affected to a lesser degree by lymphatic distribution than the location of positive nodes, should be incorporated into the staging criteria.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Peptide N- and P/Q-type Ca2+ blockers inhibit stimulant-induced hyperactivity in mice.

omega-Conotoxin GVIA and omega-agatoxin IVA are specific peptide blockers of N- and P/Q-type calcium channel, respectively. Effects of their intracerebroventricular injection (1-3 pmol/mouse) on psychostimulant-induced hyperactivity were investigated in mice. omega-Conotoxin GVIA antagonized methylphenidate-, methamphetamine- and phencyclidine-induced hyperactivity in a dose-dependent manner. omega-Agatoxin IVA blocked methylphenidate-induced but not methamphetamine- or phencyclidine-induced hyperactivity. Neither peptides showed any effect on apomorphine-induced hyperactivity or spontaneous activity, suggesting that the inhibitory effects on psychostimulant-induced hyperactivity are not due to dopamine receptor blockage or nonspecific behavioral depression. Antagonism of calcium channels, particularly N-type, may ameliorate activation of the dopaminergic system induced by increased dopamine release.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

NPS R-568 halts or reverses osteitis fibrosa in uremic rats.

Osteitis fibrosa is a common bone injury associated with secondary hyperparathyroidism (2(o)HPT). NPS R-568 is a phenylalkylamine derivative that acts as an agonist at the cell-surface Ca2+ receptor ("calcimimetic") and inhibits parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion. In the present study, we tested whether NPS R-568 could ameliorate osteitis fibrosa in partially nephrectomized (Nx) rats with 2(o)HPT. Six months after surgery, Nx rats had developed mild but progressive 2(o)HPT and osteitis fibrosa. Two groups of Nx rats received NPS R-568 (3 and 30 mg/kg body wt x day) by daily gavage for 30 days, which led to a dose-related decrease in serum PTH levels and to a marked reduction in peritrabecular fibrosis (0.96 +/- 0.49% to < 0.1%). Furthermore, 2(o)HPT was associated with decreases in volumetric cortical bone mineral density (vCtBMD) and in cortical bone stiffness at the femoral midshaft. NPS R-568 significantly restored the deficits in vCtBMD and stiffness. These results indicate that NPS R-568 has beneficial effects on bones with osteitis fibrosa by normalizing serum PTH levels.

Aniline Compounds↗
PubMed1998

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha regulates the gene expression of macrophage migration inhibitory factor through tyrosine kinase-dependent pathway in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.

Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) has been rediscovered as a proinflammatory cytokine, pituitary hormone, and glucocorticoid-induced immunoregulator. We have recently identified the expression of MIF in adipocytes and found that tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha stimulates its secretion from 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Since adipocytes are regarded as a potential source of various biologically active substances, we examined in more detail the effect of TNF-alpha on MIF expression in 3T3-L1 adipocytes in the present study. We found that TNF-alpha induced MIF mRNA in dose- and time-dependent manners. After stimulation with TNF-alpha, the amount of intracellular MIF protein was unchanged or slightly decreased, concomitant with increased release of this protein into the extracellular space. This observation indicates that TNF-alpha stimulates MIF secretion from the constitutively expressed intracellular pool of 3T3-L1 adipocytes and promotes de novo synthesis of MIF. From evaluation of the mechanism of MIF gene expression, we found that tyrosine kinase inhibitors, either genistein or herbimycin A, suppressed the MIF mRNA induction by TNF-alpha. The results suggest the possibility that upregulation of MIF mRNA expression by TNF-alpha is mediated by a tyrosine kinase-dependent pathway. Taken together, the present observations shed light on the role of MIF in the metabolism of obesity and diabetes.

3T3 Cells↗
PubMed1998

Smoking and obesity in relation to the etiology and disease progression of prostate cancer in Japan.

BACKGROUND: Various risk factors have been investigated concerning the etiology of prostate carcinoma, but many questions about the significance of the risk factors remain unanswered. To evaluate the relationship between smoking and obesity in prostate cancer, a case-control study was performed. METHODS: Between 1986 and 1995, 329 patients with untreated prostate cancer and 188 patients with benign prostate hyperplasia (control patients) were evaluated according to their smoking habits and the degree of obesity. Also, the progression of prostate cancer in relationship to smoking and obesity was examined. RESULTS: Smoking and obesity were not risk factors for the development of prostate cancer (odds ratio, 0.986, 0.836; 95% confidence interval, 0.69-1.41, 0.57-1.24, respectively). Nor were smoking or obesity a risk factor for survival in stage D2 patients, however, in stage B1-D1 patients, obese men had a tendency for disease progression. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that neither smoking nor obesity increase the risk of developing prostate cancer, or the risk of disease progression in prostate cancer patients. However, obese men have a tendency for progression of stage B1-D1 prostate cancer although further studies are necessary to confirm this finding.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Detection of Coxiella burnetii specific DNA in blood samples from Japanese patients with chronic nonspecific symptoms by nested polymerase chain reaction.

The nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used for direct species-specific detection of Coxiella burnetii in blood samples from 52 patients with chronic nonspecific symptoms, but no diagnostic or treatment history of Q fever. All patients had been in ill-health with general fatigue, muscle and joint pain, headache, etc., for one to more than 10 years. Seventeen (33%) showed evidence of C. burnetii infection, based on amplification of 438-bp fragments specific to C. burnetii by nested PCR, and 94% of positive patients reported close contact with animals. In contrast, five (9.6%) of 52 samples from healthy adult controls and two (2.8%) of 70 cord blood samples were positive by nested PCR. These data suggest a high prevalence of infection among adult patients with long term, nonspecific complaints who live in close contact with animals and the possible existence of a chronic post-acute Q fever syndrome in Japan.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Incidence and characteristics of antiandrogen withdrawal syndrome in prostate cancer after treatment with chlormadinone acetate.

OBJECTIVES: In patients with progressive prostate cancer who have been treated with surgical or medical castration plus an antiandrogen, antiandrogen withdrawal can result in a significant decline in serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA). Although the incidence of antiandrogen withdrawal syndrome after combination treatment with the nonsteroidal antiandrogen flutamide has been thoroughly documented, the phenomenon clearly occurs in many other combination therapies and is presently being widely investigated. This paper would like to contribute to this effort by describing the endocrine withdrawal phenomenon in patients treated with combinations of castration plus chlormadinone acetate, ethynylestradiol or estramustine phosphate. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Clinical records of 68 prostate cancer patients who had been treated with surgical castration plus the administration of chlormadinone acetate, ethynylestradiol or estramustine phosphate, and who had shown clinical progression associated with a steady increase in serum PSA, were investigated. Forty-one cases were evaluable for changes in PSA after discontinuation of the hormonal agents. RESULTS: Of 28 patients who had been treated with chlormadinone acetate, 12 (42.9%) revealed 50% or more decline in PSA level following withdrawal of the agent. Among these, 5 cases (17.9%) showed subjective and/or objective improvements. There was no significant difference in histological grade of the tumor at diagnosis, mode of progression, time interval from the start of endocrine therapy to discontinuation of the hormonal agents, or PSA level at withdrawal of the agents between patients who did develop antiandrogen withdrawal syndrome and those who did not. CONCLUSION: When a steady increase in serum PSA is noted in a prostate cancer patient who has been treated with castration plus a steroidal antiandrogen, discontinuation of the antiandrogen may benefit the patient.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Prognostic value of the serum levels of bone formation and bone resorption markers in prostate cancer patients with bone metastasis.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to determine whether the serum levels of a bone formation marker, i.e., the carboxy-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen (PICP), and a bone resorption marker, i.e., the carboxy-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (ICTP) have prognostic value in prostate cancer patients with bone metastasis, compared with alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and prostate-specific antigen (PSA). METHODS: The serum levels of PICP, ALP, ICTP and PSA were examined in 116 untreated prostate cancer patients (40 patients with bone metastasis, 76 patients without bone metastasis), and the prognoses of the patients with bone metastasis were evaluated using univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS: The bone metastasis patients with low PICP or ALP values had significantly better outcomes compared to the bone metastasis patients with high PICP or ALP values. A multivariate analysis of PICP, ICTP, ALP, PSA and the patients' age revealed that PICP and patients' age were important prognostic factors for survival. The pretreatment levels of ICTP and PSA did not show any substantial relation to the prognosis of these patients. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that the pretreatment serum bone formation marker is an important prognostic indicator for prostate cancer patients with bone metastasis.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Response of prostate-specific antigen after androgen withdrawal and prognosis in men with metastatic prostate cancer.

OBJECTIVE: Patients with prostate cancer generally respond to androgen withdrawal therapy, but progression to androgen independence is frequently observed. To evaluate prognostic factors in metastatic prostate cancer, patients who had been treated with endocrine therapy were investigated. METHODS: One hundred and thirty-nine patients with untreated metastatic prostate cancer (TxNxM1) who received endocrine therapy between 1986 and 1993 were included in the present study. Blood chemistry, histological grade, extent of bony metastases, clinical response to hormone therapy, and the prognosis of the patients were evaluated. RESULTS: With univariate analysis, performance status, hemoglobin concentration, serum alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, histological grade, extent of bony disease, and response of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) at 3 months were shown to be significant prognostic factors. With multivariate analyses, response of PSA and histological grade were significant factors predicting prognosis. CONCLUSIONS: Patients whose PSA had not normalized 3 months after the start of endocrine therapy were in the high-risk group, and should be given more aggressive treatment.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Prognosis of patients with prostate carcinoma presenting as nonregional lymph node metastases.

OBJECTIVE: The mode of progression in patients with prostate cancer with metastasis to nonregional lymph nodes was examined in order to know whether the site of metastasis effects the prognosis of prostate cancer. METHODS: From 1986 to 1995 at the Chiba University Hospital, 205 cases of prostatic cancer with distant metastases were experienced. In 17 of them, nonregional lymph node metastases were observed at the diagnosis, of whom 10 also had bone metastases. RESULTS: There was no statistical difference in prognosis between 17 patients with nonregional lymph node metastases and remaining 188 patients with metastatic prostate cancer. In all patients metastasized to nonregional lymph nodes, serum prostate-specific antigen and/or prostatic acid phosphatase levels were elevated. Anti-androgen therapy was effective in 15 cases and 5-year survival rate was 45.8%. Patients without bone metastases at the initial diagnosis could survive longer than those with metastases to bone (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: From these observations, endocrine therapy was effective even in patients with distant lymph node metastases.

Aged↗