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Biomedical subjects

Y Fukunishi

Publications and source records attributed to Y Fukunishi.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

A clinicopathological study of asymptomatic primary biliary cirrhosis in three aged patients.

The 3 cases suffering from asymptomatic primary biliary cirrhosis (aPBC) were all older than 70 and female. Case 1, 2 and 3 were respectively 77, 72 and 70 years old. The final diagnosis was made on the basis of clinical observation and liver biopsy. Case 1 was diagnosed as CAH-PBC mixed type from histological findings and classified as stage II-III according to Scheuer's classification. Case 2 was stage I and exhibited morphological features of PBC with arteriosclerotic change. Case 3 was stage I and had dysplasia-like large nuclei in some hepatic cells. Clinically, all cases were AMA positive. Elevation of serum ALP and IgM values was recognized in 2 cases, but serum transaminase and ALP values were not elevated in Case 2 for 1 year. In the follow-up observation during 5 years. Case 1 remained asymptomatic except for gradual elevation of serum ALP value. AMA, which was positive at the time of diagnosis, is now negative after 5 years, but now produces high potency ANA. The incidence of PBC in those aged older than 70 in Japan accounts for only 2-3% of all PBC cases. According to some reports, the prognosis of PBC deteriorates with age. In 3 cases reported here, however, the clinical course did not deteriorate even in untreated cases. This suggests the possibility that some aPBC cases diagnosed at an age older than 70 may have a favorable prognosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Regulatory role of FcR+ and FcR- monocyte subsets in Mycobacterium leprae-induced lymphoproliferative response in vitro.

We investigated nine rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) inoculated with Mycobacterium leprae and three normal human contacts. Peripheral blood monocytes were separated into Fc receptor positive (FcR+) and Fc receptor negative (FcR-) fractions, and their regulatory role in the lymphoproliferative response in vitro to M. leprae was studied. FcR- monocytes had strong antigen presentation activity and produced no suppressor effect while FcR+ monocytes had weak antigen presentation activity and produced a non-specific suppressor factor spontaneously. With this assay system we determined that M. leprae-inoculated rhesus monkeys could be divided into three groups: good responders, very weak responders, and non-responders.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Leprosy in a mangabey monkey--naturally acquired infection.

Naturally acquired leprosy was detected in an otherwise normal "sooty" mangabey monkey (Cercocebus atys). This animal was imported from West Africa in 1975 and developed clinical symptoms of leprosy in 1979. Histopathologic findings were those of subpolar-lepromatous to borderline-lepromatous leprosy in the Ridley-Jopling classification. The disease was progressive, with crippling neuropathic deformities of the hands and feet. The disease regressed under specific therapy. The etiologic agent was identified as Mycobacterium leprae by the following criteria: invasion of nerves of host, staining properties, electron microscopic findings, noncultivable on mycobacteriologic media, DOPA-oxidase positive, lepromin reactivity, infection patterns in mice and armadillos, sensitivity to sulfone, and DNA homology. We believe the animal acquired the disease from a patient with active leprosy. The mangabey monkey offers promise as a primate model for leprosy, and adds a third reported species to animals with naturally acquired leprosy.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Electron microscopic findings of the peripheral nerve lesions of nude mice inoculated with M. leprae.

Peripheral nerve lesions of nude mice inoculated with Mycobacterium leprae were examined from 1 year to 1 year and 8 months post-inoculation. Leprosy bacilli and intracytoplasmic foamy structures were found in the perineurial cells, endothelial cells of capillaries, Schwann cells, and axons of the myelinated nerve fibers inside the lepromas of foot pads. In the proximal portion of the sciatic nerve, bacilli were found chiefly in the macrophages of the endoneurial space. Bacilli were not found in the perineurial cells of the sciatic nerves. Marked fibrosis, hypertrophy or degeneration of Schwann cells, demyelination, axonal damage or irreversible destruction of nerve architecture were not observed clearly. Therefore, it is thought that nude mice inoculated with M. leprae are suitable models for the study of the early peripheral nerve lesions of lepromatous leprosy.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Electron microscopic findings of transverse fission of M. leprae by freeze-etching methods.

The structures of multiplication by transverse fission found in the lepromas and livers of nude mice and nine-banded armadillos inoculated with Mycobacterium leprae isolated from human lepromas, a nine-banded armadillo with naturally acquired leprosy-like disease, and a nine-banded armadillo inoculated with M. leprae isolated from the mangabey monkey with naturally acquired leprosy infection are described. The images of multiplication by transverse fission of M. leprae were almost always found inside the phagolysosomes of lepra cells. At the time of multiplication by transverse fission, band structures were observed generally at both sides of the fission line. According to these results, multiplication of M. leprae by transverse fission is done inside the phagolysosomes of lepra cells of nude mice and nine-banded armadillos.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Isolation of characteristic glycolipids possibly included in spherical droplets around M. leprae.

The main purpose of this work was to isolate the components in acetone soluble lipids of lepromas of the nine-banded armadillo by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and then to examine the mass spectrometric characteristics of the two peaks (molecular weights 2000 and 1600) found by HPLC. The armadillo had been inoculated with Mycobacterium leprae isolated from a mangabey monkey with naturally acquired leprosy. According to the results of HPLC, gas liquid chromatographic and mass spectral analyses, the GPC peak I lipid at 2000 D was identified as phenolic glycolipid and the GPC peak II lipid at 1600 D, as phthiocerol dimycocerosate. It was thought that the GPC peak I lipid and the GPC peak II lipid were included in the spherical droplets (peribacillary substance) around M. leprae. It was concluded that the microorganisms causing leprosy-like changes in the mangabey monkey were either M. leprae or a very closely related bacillus.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Ultrastructural features of macrophages of armadillos infected with actively multiplying Mycobacterium leprae.

Experimental leprosy lesions in the armadillo (Dasypus novemcinctus) were studied by freeze etching and ultrathin sectioning. Infected macrophages have distinct intracytoplasmic foamy structures in the form of spherical droplets accumulated around multiplying bacilli. This finding is the same as those observed in human lepra cells and nude mice macrophages infected with M. leprae.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Electron microscopic study of leprosy in a mangabey monkey (natural infection).

Ultrastructural features of the leproma of a) a naturally infected mangabey monkey, and lepromas and liver of b) a passage mangabey monkey, c) a rhesus monkey, d) an African green monkey, and e) a nine-banded armadillo inoculated with leprosy bacilli isolated from the leproma of a naturally infected mangabey monkey were studied by the freeze-etching technique. The size, shape, and ultrastructural features of leprosy bacilli in the phagolysosomes of macrophages in all of these samples were essentially the same as those in humans, nude mice, and armadillos inoculated with human Mycobacterium leprae. Distinct accumulations of small spherical droplets were observed around leprosy bacilli inside lepra cells of all the samples but were scarce in the specimen from the green monkey. The bacilli in all samples were long and slender, and had band structures on the smooth cell wall surfaces. The bacilli were indistinguishable from M. leprae.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Ultrastructural features of the multiplication of human and murine leprosy bacilli in macrophages of nude mice.

Ultrastructural features of the growth of M. leprae and M. lepraemurium in nude mouse macrophages were studied by ultrathin sectioning and freeze-etching. In nude mouse macrophages, M. leprae produced spherical droplets (foamy structures) similar to those in human lepra cells. On the other hand, M. lepraemurium produced typical crystalline material in nude mouse macrophages, which is quite the same as that observed in the C3H strain mouse, Spherical droplets in the form of foamy structures seem to be made up of a specific substance produced by the multiplication of M. leprae in suitable host cells (human, nude mouse, and armadillo macrophages).

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Isolation and identification of mycolic acids in Mycobacterium leprae and Mycobacterium lepraemurium.

Mycolic acids with a characteristic structure were isolated by high performance-liquid-chromatography (HPLC) and mass-spectrometry from a foot pad of a nude mouse inoculated with Mycobacterium leprae. Mycolic acids with the same structure were also obtained from mycobacteria collected from the liver of an armadillo with experimental leprosy. Mycolic acids were isolated from Mycobacterium lepraemurium grown both in vivo and in vitro and these mycolic acids had different structures from those of M. leprae. Mycolic acid structures have great taxonomical significance. The methods used for isolating and analyzing mycolic acids appear applicable for the rapid identification of M. leprae in samples containing at least 10(9)-10(10) mycobacterial cells. Using our method, mycolic acids with the same structure were found in mycobacteria from armadillos experimentally infected with M. leprae and from armadillos with naturally acquired leprosy-like disease. It is likely, therefore, that the pathogenic mycobacteria of the naturally acquired disease are the same as, or at least closely related to, M. leprae. The present work suggests that M. leprae has a special position in mycobacterial phylogeny.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

An improved embedding method for electron microscopy of lepromata.

Spurr's resin mixture has been found to be the embedding material most suitable for electron microscopic studies of lepromata at present. Like methacrylate, it can penetrate well into foamy structures and the leprosy bacilli within foamy structures. On the other hand, like Epon 812, it is stable against the electron beam and can preserve ultrafine structures. Additionally, we have found that the use of dimethylformamide or dimethylsulfoxide instead of propylene oxide as substituter improves the preservation of the ultrafine structures of leprosy bacilli.

Absorption↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Direct duodenal invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma. Intestinal hemorrhage treated by transcatheter arterial embolization.

This report describes a case of direct duodenal invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma with massive intermittent gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding. Progressive anemia was intractable by supportive therapy alone, and repeated blood transfusion was necessary. Transcatheter arterial embolization was finally carried out, which dramatically reduced the amount of transfusion. Owing to severe blood loss, patients with GI tract involvement generally have a poor prognosis.

Angiography↗