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Biomedical subjects

Y Fukuda

Publications and source records attributed to Y Fukuda.

At least 1,045 records · Page 58Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

A histopathological study of the liver in paraquat poisoning--an analysis of fourteen autopsy cases with emphasis on bile duct injury.

Fourteen autopsy cases of paraquat poisoning were studied. Seven of the eight patients who died within 4 days after the ingestion of paraquat showed hepatocytic injury, and three of them revealed bile duct injury. Hepatocytic injury was similar to that of carbon tetrachloride intoxication. Bile duct injury consisted of epithelial changes of the bile ductules and bile ducts. Cholestasis in the bile ducts was produced by the injury. The affected bile ductules and ducts had hydropic and necrotic epithelium, associated with the infiltration of neutrophils and histiocytes in the intraductal and periductal tissues. The severity of bile duct injury increased gradually from the bile ductules to the septal bile ducts. The extrahepatic biliary tract showed the same injury as the septal bile ducts in one case. It is considered that bile duct injury was produced by a direct corrosive effect of paraquat. Five of the six patients who survived more than 8 days revealed intrahepatic cholestasis, the pathogenesis of which was not clearly understood.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Ménière's disease.

The authors review some of the contrasts that Ménière's disease presents to the practicing otologist and describe recent findings in electrocochleography (ECochG) and vectornystagmorgraphy that have been of help in establishing the diagnosis in unusual cases. ECochG has also been useful in detecting the presence of the disease in the patient's better ear. The goals of medical and surgical treatment are discussed in relation to these findings.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Hypercoagulability in patients with mitral stenosis -- from the viewpoint of the behavior of plasma antithrombin III and alpha2-plasmin inhibitor.

The concentration of plasma antithrombin III (AT III) and the biological activity of plasma alpha2-plasmin inhibitor (alpha 2-PI) were measured in cases of mitral stenosis (MS) and rheumatic heart disease (RHD) without MS. Cases of MS showed the findings of the low levels of plasma AT III and normal or a little higher levels of plasma alpha 2-PI, that was not recognized in RHD without MS. This finding was interpreted to be hypercoagulable because of the acceleration of coagulation and of little or slight retardation of fibrinolysis. Besides, the influence of atrial fibrillation and chronic congestive heart failure on hypercoagulability in cases of MS was detected clearly, but the influence of them in cases of non-RHD was obscure. As the results, the severer the degree of MS, the clearer the hypercoagulable state. Therefore, the prethrombotic state existed in cases of MS, combined with blood flow disturbance due to atrial fibrillation or chronic congestive heart failure, endocardial damage resulted from rheumatic fever in an early stage and hypercoagulable state mentioned above in the present study. There was no significant difference between cases with and without thrombi in the degree of hypercoagulability in subjects with MS shown in the present work. It was concluded that the consumption of AT III caused the low levels of it in cases of MS, and that the low production of AT III in the liver rather than consumption caused the low levels of it in cases of non-RHD.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

A cholinergic mechanism involved in the neuronal excitation by H+ in the respiratory chemosensitive structures of the ventral medulla oblongata of rats in vitro.

The mechanism of neuronal excitation by H+ in the medullary chemosensitive structures was analyzed in brains slices of the rat in vitro. Responses of neurons to H+ in the ventral surface layer were compared with responses to various transmitter substances. Neurons excited by H+ were always also excited by acetylcholine (ACH). ACh increased the activity of 70% of superficial ventral medullary neurons. Effects of noradrenaline and serotonin on the activity of neurons were largely opposite to that of H+. Cholinergic blocking agents like atropine, hexamethonium and mecamylamine depressed the H+-elicited excitation of neurons. The cholinesterase inhibitor, eserine, increased the neuronal activity. In the presence of eserine, a solution of low pH caused further increase in discharge of most neurons. The low pH solution prolonged and augmented the excitatory action of ACh on the ventral medullary neurons. It is concluded that the H+-elicited excitation of neurons in the "chemosensitive" structures is dependent upon intact cholinergic transmission in the surface layer. This may be interpreted as resulting from facilitation and/or prolongation of such a chemical transmission by H+.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1979

In vitro fertilization of two species of deer mouse eggs by homologous or heterologous sperm and penetration of laboratory mouse eggs by deer mouse sperm.

Newly ovulated eggs from immature deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus and P. polionotus) and mature laboratory mice (Mus musculus) treated with PMSG and HCG were inseminated in vitro with spermatozoa recovered from the cauda epididymidis of mature males. The time required for capacitation of deer mouse sperm in culture was estimated to be about two to five hours based on the dispersal of sperm agglutination and increase of sperm motility. The rate of sperm penetration through the zona pellucida of deer mouse eggs by homologous or heterologous sperm was relatively high (72-91%) but that of laboratory mouse eggs by deer mouse sperm was low (20-21%). After penetration through the zona pellucida, a high proportion of deer mouse eggs (79-93%) were fertilized by homologous or heterologous deer mouse sperm but no laboratory mouse eggs were fertilized by sperm of two species of deer mice. The zona pellucida was dissolved in a higher proportion of laboratory mouse eggs cultured with P. maniculatus (45%) than with P. polionotus sperm (3.4%), but this did not happen by incubation of deer mouse eggs with homologous or heterologous sperm. It seems that there is little difference in sperm penetration and fertilization between these two closely related species of deer mice but the reactions between the mouse eggs and deer mouse sperm are quite different.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Immunopathologic studies of renal glomerular change in liver cirrhosis with special reference to its pathogenesis.

The kidneys from 62 proven liver cirrhosis cases were examined by immunofluorescence (IF), and 94% of the cases were positive for some immune reactants deposition. Combined deposition of immunoglobulin(s), both or each one of C1q and C4, and further with C3 were observed in about 70% of all IF positive cases. The morphological alterations of the glomeruli correlated with the intensities of regional immune reactants depositions. Guinea pig C3 was frequently activated in vitro on the glomeruli of these cases. Immune reactants depositions in the glomeruli appeared to form immune complex locally. Smooth muscle and liver cell antigens in the immune complex at the glomeruli were examined by indirect method of IF using monospecific antibodies and positive cases concerning each antigen were found in about 1/3 of the kidneys from 21 liver cirrhosis cases. These facts suggest that the high rate of the occurrence of immune complex deposition type glomerulo-nephritis may be due to the glomerular deposition of some autoantigen-antibody complexes including smooth muscle and liver cell antigens.

Adolescent↗