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Biomedical subjects

Y Fukuda

Publications and source records attributed to Y Fukuda.

At least 523 records · Page 29Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Localization of synaptophysin immunoreactivity in the human liver.

The distribution of synaptophysin, specifically located in nerve terminals, was investigated immunohistochemically in normal and diseased human livers in 4 patients with normal liver, 6 with chronic active hepatitis, 12 with cirrhosis, and 8 with hepatocellular carcinoma. In normal liver and chronic hepatitis synaptophysin immunoreactivity was detected in the lobules and portal areas. In cirrhosis it was found in the fibrous septum but in no pseudolobules. Parenchymal innervation would thus appear to cease with the development of cirrhosis, and denervation from the parenchyma may lead to various functional abnormalities in liver cirrhosis. In hepatocellular carcinoma no synaptophysin immunoreactivity was found along carcinomatous sinusoids. Immunoreactive spots were present in the capsules of hepatocellular carcinoma to a much lesser extent than in the fibrous septum of cirrhosis. Neural functions may thus have little effect on the microcirculation of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1994

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs associated with gastroduodenal injury and Helicobacter pylori.

OBJECTIVE: To clarify the relationship between non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-associated gastroduodenal mucosal injury and Helicobacter pylori infection. DESIGN AND METHODS: The incidence of H. pylori infection was determined in a group of patients treated with NSAID for rheumatoid arthritis for > or = 3 months and in a control group of patients with mainly abdominal symptoms but without rheumatoid arthritis and not being treated with NSAID. The incidence of H. pylori infection was also determined in patients treated with different NSAID and antirheumatic drugs. In addition, the minimum inhibitory concentration of several NSAID against H. pylori was investigated. RESULTS: The incidence of H. pylori infection in the NSAID group tended to be lower than in the control group, and was significantly lower in patients with gastric ulcers. The incidence of infection did not differ between patients treated with one or with more than one NSAID. Differences in the infection rate were found between individual NSAID, with indomethacin being associated with a particularly low rate. No differences in the infection rate were found between different antirheumatic drugs. The minimum inhibitory concentration of ibuprofen was low. CONCLUSION: H. pylori appears to have little effect on gastroduodenal mucosal injury associated with long-term NSAID administration.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Effects of cytotoxic factors of Helicobacter pylori on superoxide generation in situ in the rabbit stomach.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of certain cytotoxic products of Helicobacter pylori on superoxide generation in situ and on the infiltration by polymorphonuclear cells into the gastric mucosa. The agents studied were ammonia, a culture supernatant of H. pylori, and N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP), a chemotactic factor. METHODS: One or two of these agents were dripped onto rabbit gastric epithelium. The number of polymorphonuclear cells in gastric mucosa were counted histologically. Superoxide generation was measured by a chemiluminescence method, using a Cypridina luciferin analog, 2-methyl-6-phenyl-3,7-dihydroimidazo[1,2-alpha]pyrazin-3-one , a chemiluminescence probe that responds to the generation of superoxides and singlet oxygen radicals. Bovine erythrocyte copper zinc superoxide dismutase was dripped to confirm that the increase in photon counts was a direct consequence of the generation of superoxides. RESULTS: The greatest infiltration of polymorphonuclear cells into the gastric mucosa was observed with the administration of 1 mmol/l FMLP followed by 5.9 mmol/l ammonia, and 10 mmol/l FMLP followed by 59 mmol/l ammonia. There was no increase in the number of polymorphonuclear cells in the other experiments. Increased chemiluminescence was observed in conjunction with the infiltration of polymorphonuclear cells and was inhibited by superoxide dismutase. CONCLUSIONS: Acute gastritis and superoxide generation in situ were induced by ammonia after pretreatment with FMLP.

Ammonia↗
PubMed1994

A serine protease in soybean seeds that acts specifically on the native alpha subunit of beta-conglycinin.

A proteolytic activity directed against the alpha subunit of beta-conglycinin was detected in resting mature seeds of the soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] cultivar Keburi. The relationship between pH and activity and the effect of protease inhibitors revealed that the enzyme was a neutral/alkaline serine protease. The proteolysis of the alpha subunit of beta-conglycinin yielded a specific product with a molecular weight of about 47,000, as determined by SDS-PAGE, but the enzyme had no activity against the beta subunit. The amino acid composition, the molecular weight and the amino-terminal amino acid sequence of the proteolytic product revealed that the action of the enzyme on the alpha subunit was specific, with cleavage occurring only at the R126-R127 peptide bond of the alpha subunit. These characteristics of the protease indicate that the enzyme is a novel protease that has not previously been recognized in soybean seeds.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1994

Telepathology is available for transplantation-pathology: experience in Japan using an integrated, low-cost, and high-quality system.

We examined the validity and accuracy of telepathology service in the histological diagnosis of biopsy specimens from human transplanted kidney and liver. The still video images of paraffin sections were transmitted via a two-way telephone by use of a digitized telephone network (Integrated Service Digital Networks, 64 kbits/sec). The images were displayed on monitors and diagnosed by an expert pathologist at Tottori University. The quality of transmitted still images was sufficient for the diagnosis, especially at higher magnifications. The average number of transmitted images was 6.2 in the kidney cases and 7.4 in the liver cases. The average time taken for examination of a case was 13 min (range 10 to 16 min). Of 12 biopsy specimens from transplanted kidneys, 10 were adequately diagnosed with the system. Sampling errors caused inadequate diagnosis in a case of cyclosporin tubulopathy, the still images of which were not transmitted. An expert pathologist rendered the diagnosis in a case showing mesangial sclerosis, which was later diagnosed as possible recurrent glomerulonephritis through direct microscopy. Biopsy specimens from 10 liver transplants were also tested using archival materials. Although the etiology of hepatitis could not be determined in one case, diagnoses by telepathology well agreed with the reported diagnoses made through direct microscopy. Telepathology may be an effective way to provide on-line consultations in transplantation pathology, especially for transplant teams lacking expert pathologists.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Early detection of primary liver cancer--diagnosis of small liver cancer by needle aspiration biopsy].

Small liver cancer is defined as a solitary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with a diameter less than 2cm. To detect liver cancer as early as possible, patients with liver cirrhosis are screened by ultrasound scanning. Pathological diagnosis in needle aspiration biopsy materials is needed because of low positivity of imaging other than ultrasound scanning. Pathological features are different from those of classical hepatocellular carcinoma. Most of the small HCCs are characterized by the following features: (1) increased cellularity, (2) increased nucleus/cytoplasm ratio, (3) irregular thin trabecular pattern, (4) pseudoglandular or acinar structures, (5) increased staining affinity (eosinophilic/basophilic), (6) frequent fatty change, and (7) residue of the portal tract. Capsules of HCCs, 1-1.5 cm in diameter, are formed. Before the formation of capsules, cancerous cells show a replacing growth pattern. Two cases of small HCC are presented, and these characteristic features are explained.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1994

Cardiac metastasis of colon adenocarcinoma diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging.

We report a case with right intraventricular metastasis of colon carcinoma which was diagnosed antemortem by the use of magnetic resonance imaging. Metastatic colon carcinoma of the heart is a rare diagnosis, and an uncommon finding at autopsy. We conclude that MR imaging is a valuable method for the diagnosis of the heart tumors.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1994

Suppression of liver allograft rejection by administration of 15-deoxyspergualin. Comparison of administration via the hepatic artery, portal vein, or systemic circulation.

In this experiment, the effect of the administration route-the hepatic artery, portal vein, or systemic circulation-of the immunosuppressive drug 15-deoxyspergualin (DSG) on the suppression of liver allograft rejection is investigated. A 3-day injection of DSG at a dose of 0.32-1.28 mg/kg per day into the systemic circulation of a rat that had received a liver transplant was not effective in prolonging liver graft survival (14.3 +/- 2.9 days vs. 14.1 +/- 2.5 days for controls). However, the administration of DSG into the portal vein following liver transplantation markedly prolonged survival for up to 24.9 +/- 10.0 days. Survival times were prolonged even more when the DSG was administered via the hepatic artery for 3 successive days after liver grafting (30.9 +/- 9.6 days). The concentration of DSG in the blood following the one-shot injection of DSG was highest when DSG was administered via the hepatic artery, intermediate when injected into the portal vein, and lowest when injected into the systemic vein. In conclusion, DSG can inhibit liver graft rejection more effectively via the hepatic arterial route than via the portal vein or systemic circulation.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Immune responses to Epstein-Barr virus in atomic bomb survivors: study of precursor frequency of cytotoxic lymphocytes and titer levels of anti-Epstein-Barr virus-related antibodies.

Precursor frequencies of cytotoxic lymphocytes to autologous Epstein-Barr virus-transformed B cells and serum titers of anti-Epstein-Barr virus-related antibodies were measured in 68 atomic bomb survivors to clarify the immune mechanism controlling Epstein-Barr virus infection. The precursor frequency was negatively correlated with the titer of anti-early antigen IgG, which is probably produced at the stage of viral reactivation. A positive correlation between the precursor frequency and titer of anti-Epstein-Barr virus-associated nuclear antigen antibody was also observed, indicating that the precursor frequency reflects the degree of in vivo destruction by T cells of the virus-infected cells. These results suggest that T-cell memory specific to Epstein-Barr virus keeps the virus under control and that the precursor frequency assay is useful for the evaluation of immune responses to Epstein-Barr virus. However, no significant effect of atomic bomb radiation on the precursor frequency was observed in the present study, probably due to the limited number of participants.

B-Lymphocytes↗