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Biomedical subjects

Y Fujisawa

Publications and source records attributed to Y Fujisawa.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Expression of hepatitis B virus surface antigen P31 gene in yeast.

The hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) P31 gene has been expressed in yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The gene products were shown to be glycoproteins with molecular sizes of 37,000 and 34,000 daltons (GP37 and GP34) containing polymerized albumin receptors. Successfully detecting these proteins depended on the extraction procedures. In the extract without protein denaturants and inhibitors, these products were degraded rapidly by proteases to yield smaller size derivatives lacking polymerized albumin receptors. As is the case in human serum-derived HBsAg, yeast HBsAg consisting of GP37 and GP34 was found to be particles or aggregates having a buoyant density of 1.2 g/cc; these particles bound to polymerized human serum albumin in species-specific manner.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Leiomyosarcoma of the spermatic cord. A case report and a brief review of literature.

A case of leiomyosarcoma of the spermatic cord, occurring in a 79-year-old male patient, is reported. The tumor was resected with high inguinal ligation and orchiectomy. It was located at the scrotal part of the spermatic cord on the left side and was shown to have originated from the spermatic duct using the dissecting method. Histologically, it was identical to leiomyosarcoma showing a typical morphological appearance of smooth muscle cell tumor in the conventional histochemical preparations as well as a focal positive reaction to antidesmin antibody, a marked nuclear pleomorphism, and abundant mitotic figures. The patient had been untroubled for six months after the resection of the tumor. Leiomyosarcoma arising in spermatic cord is quite rare.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Does 'extended' pelvic lymphadenectomy truly contribute to the management of bladder carcinoma?

During a 3-year period, 41 patients with primary bladder carcinoma were treated with cystectomy along with pelvic lymphadenectomy. Although lymphadenectomy was useful for more accurate staging in patients with T2 or more invasive disease, it contributed little to the surgical curability of the disease, irrespective of extensive nodal dissection in the pelvis. Based on the characteristic lymphatic spread of the disease, limited dissection to the regional nodal area seemed to be satisfactory in the surgical management of bladder carcinoma.

Follow-Up Studies↗
PubMed1986

Effect of dilazep on decrease in myocardial pH during ischemia in dogs.

The present study was undertaken in order to examine whether dilazep (1,4-bis-[3-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyloxy)propyl]perhydro-1, 4-diazepine dihydrochloride monohydrate) attenuates myocardial acidosis induced by coronary artery occlusion in dogs. In dogs with nonischemic normal heart, dilazep (300 or 500 micrograms/kg i.v.) increased blood flow in the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) with a decrease in heart rate and diastolic blood pressure. In other dogs, LAD flow was reduced by an occluder by 57 to 68% (partial occlusion) for 90 min. Partial occlusion for 30 min decreased myocardial pH by 0.67 to 0.87 pH units, increased ST segment of the surface electrocardiogram, and decreased regional myocardial contractile force. Dilazep was injected i.v. 30 min after partial occlusion. The decrease in myocardial pH induced by partial occlusion was attenuated by the injection of 300 micrograms/kg of dilazep insignificantly and by that of 500 micrograms/kg of dilazep significantly. Restoration of myocardial [H+] induced by dilazep was calculated from the myocardial pH data. Dilazep (500 micrograms/kg) restored myocardial [H+] induced by partial occlusion by 56.7%, and saline solution restored it by 27.4% 60 min after the drug injection, the actual restoration induced by dilazep being 29.3%. Dilazep, however, did not restore the ST segment elevation and contractile force decrease. It is concluded that dilazep attenuates myocardial acidosis during ischemia.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Intrasinusal pyelocalicotomy with lower pole nephrotomy for removal of renal stones.

A small renal sinus often limits exposure of the intrarenal pelvis and restrains the sinus approach for removal of renal stones. For 14 such cases, we used a lower pole nephrotomy combined with extended pyelolithotomy. Incision of the renal parenchyma through the intersegmental avascular plane greatly facilitated exposure of the intrarenal collecting system and enabled stone removal through the longitudinal incision of the collecting system. The indication for operative technique and results of the procedure are described.

Humans↗
PubMed1985

Expression of hepatitis B virus surface antigen P31 gene in Escherichia coli.

A hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) P31-coding DNA was constructed from a DNA fragment of the plasmid pHBr330 containing the entire hepatitis B virus (HBV) adr DNA and a chemically synthesized adaptor. The P31 gene was inserted into an expression vector, pTRP771, having an Escherichia coli tryptophan operon (trp) promoter to give a recombinant plasmid pTRP P31-R. The distance between the Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence and the initiation codon of P31 gene was adjusted to 9 bp. The expression level of HBsAg by E. coli 294[pTRP P31-R] was significantly elevated, in contrast to that of HBsAg by E. coli 294[pTRP SS-6]. Western blotting analysis has shown that E. coli[pTRP P31-R] synthesizes a specific polypeptide P31 of about 31 kDal, which reacts with anti-HBsAg antibody. The binding studies with polyalbumins from various species have also suggested that HBsAg P31 specifically binds to polymerized human serum albumin.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Protected 2'-deoxyaristeromycin on polymer support: a substitute for the acid labile 2'-deoxyadenosine moiety at the 3'-terminus of oligodeoxynucleotides.

A modified nucleoside antibiotic on polymer support was employed in the solid-phase synthesis of two oligodeoxynucleotides to substitute acid labile 2'-deoxyadenosine(A) at the 3'-terminus of oligomers with acid resistant 2'-deoxyaristeromycin(Ar). The duplex of the decamer having sticky ends was inserted successfully into the Eco R1 site of pBR322. E. coli DH 1 was transformed with the Ar-containing plasmid. Inspection of the cloned plasmid pBR2552 by restriction endonucleases revealed that no deletion and insertion occurred near the inserted sequence. This result indicates that Ar can behave as A in DNA replication of the host cells. Therefore, Ar can be used as a substitute for 3'-terminal A in the solid-phase oligonucleotide synthesis.

Cloning, Molecular↗
PubMed1985

Effect of cinpropazide on ischemic myocardial acidosis in dogs.

In dogs anesthetized with pentobarbital, the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) was occluded by an occluder so that the LAD flow could be set to about half the original flow (partial occlusion). Partial occlusion of the LAD continued for 90 min, and myocardial pH decreased by 0.71 pH unit 30 min after the start of partial occlusion. Cinpropazide, a coronary vasodilator, was injected intravenously 30 min after partial occlusion. Cinpropazide at the dose of 1 mg/kg, which increased LAD flow insignificantly in the nonischemic normal heart, attenuated the myocardial pH that has been reduced by partial occlusion, with a slight reduction in diastolic blood pressure. Restoration of myocardial [H+] 60 min after the injection of cinpropazide was 75.3%, and that of saline solution was 29.5%, indicating that cinpropazide restored the myocardial [H+] by 45.8% during ischemia. The effect of cinpropazide to increase myocardial pH was not observed in the dog with nonischemic heart, however. It is concluded that cinpropazide attenuates myocardial acidosis during ischemia.

Acidosis↗
PubMed1984

Role of change in vitamin D metabolism with age in calcium and phosphorus metabolism in normal human subjects.

This study describes the age-related changes of vitamin D metabolism and its related hormones, immunoreactive PTH (iPTH) and calcitonin (CT) in normal human subjects. The objective was to assess their roles in the changes in metabolism of calcium and phosphorus with age. Serum calcium and phosphorus levels declined linearly with age from newborn infants to older adults (r = -0.385, P less than 0.01; r = -0.568, P less than 0.01). The serum calcium and phosphorus levels in adults of 51 yr of age or more were significantly lower than those in children and younger adults of 50 yr of age or less (P less than 0.025, P less than 0.01), whereas the calcium and phosphorus levels in cord blood were significantly higher than those in children and younger adults (P less than 0.025, P less than 0.01). The serum concentration of 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1 alpha,25-(OH)2-Vit D) did not change in children and younger adults, being 42.0 +/- 1.4 (SE) pg/ml, but it significantly decreased to 31.4 +/- 1.9 pg/ml in older adults (P less than 0.01). There were no significant age-related changes in the serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, or vitamin D-binding protein (DBP) among children, younger adults and older adults. The concentrations of all vitamin D metabolites and DBP in cord serum were significantly lower than those in children and younger adults (P less than 0.01). Serum iPTH levels were higher in older adults (P less than 0.05) and lower in cord blood (P less than 0.1), compared with those in children and younger adults, whereas the serum CT level was higher in cord serum (P less than 0.01). No sex differences were found in the serum concentrations of calcium, phosphorus, vitamin D metabolites, DBP, iPTH, and CT. The serum concentration of calcium or phosphorus did not correlate significantly with that of 1 alpha 25-(OH)2-Vit D by simple correlation analysis. Multivariate analysis, however, showed that the change in the serum concentration of 1 alpha,25-(OH)2-Vit D, as well as iPTH and CT, contributed to their correlation with the change in the serum concentrations of calcium and phosphorus. These data indicate that change in vitamin D metabolism might play some role in the age-related change of serum calcium and phosphorus levels in children and adults, but that calcium and phosphorus metabolism in the fetus might be regulated by some mechanisms other than vitamin D metabolism.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Antitumor activity of deoxyribonucleic acid fraction from Mycobacterium bovis BCG. I. Isolation, physicochemical characterization, and antitumor activity.

A fraction extracted from Mycobacterium bovis strain BCG, which was composed of 70.0% DNA, 28.0% RNA, 1.3% protein, 0.20% glucose, and 0.1% lipid and of no detectable amounts of cell wall components such as alpha, epsilon-diaminopimelic acid and hexosamine, was found to possess strong antitumor activity. Repeated intralesional injection of this fraction, designated MY-1, without attachment to oil or a single intralesional injection of MY-1 emulsified in mineral oil caused the IMC carcinoma of CDF1 mice and line 10 tumor of strain 2 guinea pigs to regress and/or prevented metastasis very effectively. MY-1 after digestion with RNase, which contained 97.0% single-stranded DNA with a guanine-cytosine content of 69.8%, was more effective than undigested MY-1 against IMC and line 10 tumor, while MY-1 digested with DNase, which contained 97.0% RNA, had reduced activity, suggesting that the DNA from BCG possessed strong antitumor activity under certain conditions. Details of the extraction procedures and physicochemical characterization of MY-1 were also described.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Direct expression of hepatitis B surface antigen gene in E. coli.

A 809 bp Sau 3A - Hpa I fragment containing a complete HBsAg gene and fragments 744 bp Hinc II - Hpa I and 712 bp Xba I - Hpa I containing a truncated HBsAg gene lacking the sequence encoding the NH2-terminal hydrophobic domain were prepared from a composite plasmid pHBV933 containing the 3.2 kb Eco RI DNA fragment of the entire HBV/adw genome and inserted into an expression vector pTRP801 to give plasmids pTRP SS-6, pTRP SS-39, and pTRP SS-50, respectively. The growth of a recombinant having pTRP SS-6 was greatly inhibited and the transformant expressed a low level of HBsAg, which is reactive to human anti-HBsAg antibody. Interestingly, the growth of transformants harbouring pTRP SS-39 and pTRP SS-50 was not inhibited and these transformants expressed a considerable level of the HBsAg. Minicells harbouring pTRP SS-6, pTRP SS-39, and pTRP SS-50 formed specific polypeptides of about 24 K, 23 K, and 22 K daltons, respectively.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗
PubMed1982

Studies of heart. XXI. Amino acid sequence of antiarrhythmic peptide (AAP) isolated from atria.

The amino acid sequence of an atrial peptide, AAP, that improves the rhythmicity of cultured myocardial cell clusters, was established as Gly-Pro-4Hyp-Gly-Ala-Gly. This was accomplished by the sequence analyses with dansyl-Edman degradation and carboxypeptidase Y digestion on the isolated native peptide. The hexapeptide and its several constituent peptides were synthesized by using dicyclohexylcarbodiimide as a condensing agent. Synthetic AAP was found to be chemically and biologically indistinguishable from the native one. In a structure-activity correlation of AAP, it was recognized that the whole molecule of this peptide was essential for its antiarrhythmic activity and its promoting effect on spreading phenomenon of myocardial cells in culture.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1982

The relation between glucose tolerance and insulin binding to circulating monocytes in obese children.

The quantitative relation between insulin binding to circulating monocytes in vitro and glucose tolerance in obese children in vivo is reported. Sixty-one obese children and 11 healthy control children participated in this study. The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed by giving them glucose (1.75 gm/kg of body weight), orally in the morning, and the binding of 125I-labeled insulin to circulating monocytes in vitro was measured prior to OGTT. The glucose tolerance expressed by sigma BS (milligrams/100 ml), the sum of the plasma glucose (blood sugar [BS]) values at OGTT, was significantly correlated with the degree of overweight (r = .316, P less than .01) and more highly with sigma IRI (microunits per milliliter), the sum of immunoreactive insulin (IRI) values at OGTT (r = .512, P less than .001). Insulin binding to monocytes in vitro (picograms/10(6) cells) was inversely correlated with the degree of overweight (r = -.687, P less than .001). Furthermore, sigma BS was inversely correlated significantly with insulin binding to monocytes in vitro (r = -.435, P less than .002). These data suggest that the decrease of insulin receptors might be one cause for the impairment of the glucose tolerance associated with obesity in children.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1982

The pathologic medical shelf.

It is now recognized that a previously normal fold of synovium on the medial side of the knee (a medial patellar plica) may, as a result of trauma, become pathologically inflamed and/or fibrosed, producing symptoms that may be mistakenly diagnosed as a torn meniscus or chondromalacia patellae. Clinical awareness, aided by arthroscopy, can establish the diagnosis. The correct treatment is simple and, if instituted early before irreversible changes have occurred in the femoral condyle articular cartilage, is extremely effective.

Arthroscopy↗
PubMed1981

A family of r-determinants in Streptomyces spp. that specifies inducible resistance to macrolide, lincosamide, and streptogramin type B antibiotics.

Inducible resistance to macrolide, lincosamide, and streptogramin type B antibiotics in Streptomyces spp. comprises a family of diverse phenotypes in which characteristic subsets of the macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin antibiotics induce resistance mediated by mono- or dimethylation of adenine, or both, in 23S ribosomal ribonucleic acid. In these studies, diverse patterns of induction specificity in Streptomyces and associated ribosomal ribonucleic acid changes are described. In Streptomyces fradiae NRRL 2702 erythromycin induced resistance to vernamycin B, whereas in Streptomyces hygroscopicus IFO 12995, the reverse was found: vernamycin B induced resistance to erythromycin. In a Streptomyces viridochromogenes (NRRL 2860) model system studied in detail, tylosin induced resistance to erythromycin associated with N6-monomethylation of 23S ribosomal ribonucleic acid, whereas in Staphylococcus aureus, erythromycin induced resistance to tylosin mediated by N6-dimethylation of adenine. Inducible macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin resistance was found in S. fradiae NRRL 2702 and S. hygroscopicus IFO 12995, which synthesize the macrolides tylosin and maridomycin, respectively, as well as in the lincosamide producer Streptomyces lincolnensis NRRL 2936 and the streptogramin type B producer Streptomyces diastaticus NRRL 2560. A wide range of different macrolides including chalcomycin, tylosin, and cirramycin induced resistance when tested in an appropriate system. Lincomycin was active as inducer in S. lincolnensis, the organism by which it is produced, and streptogramin type B antibiotics induced resistance in S. fradiae, S. hygroscopicus, and the streptogramin type B producer S. diastaticus. Patterns of adenine methylation found included (i) lincomycin-induced monomethylation in S. lincolnensis (and constitutive monomethylation in a mutant selected with maridomycin), (ii) concurrent equimolar levels of adenine mono- plus dimethylation in S. hygroscopicus, (iii) monomethylation in S. fradiae (and dimethylation in a mutant selected with erythromycin), and (iv) adenine dimethylation in S. diastaticus induced by ostreogrycin B.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗