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Biomedical subjects

Y Fujino

Publications and source records attributed to Y Fujino.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

The importance of mental support to the patients with adult atopic dermatitis.

To study mental condition of the patients with severe adult atopic dermatitis, the General Health Questionnaire of 60 symptoms proposed by Goldberg was completed by 64 patients composed of 22 males and 42 females twice (before the start of the treatment and following improvement or reduction of their skin symptoms), and also 65 healthy persons as a matched healthy control. The patients were much more markedly disturbed in the sum of all morbid ratings and all four scales for somatic symptoms, anxiety and worry, social dysfunction and despondency and depressed mood before the start of the treatment than the healthy control. However, the patients showed remarkably reduced scores in all measured scales with improvement of their skin symptoms lower than healthy control. These depressed mental conditions reflected on their daily and social activities. The results obtained indicated that atopic dermatitis could be not only a disease of dermatology but also a disease of mental and even social disease. The results endorsed importance and necessity to provide for dermatologists, the patients family and even nurses concerned mental support to those patients with adult atopic dermatitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Impact of erythrocytes on mouse embryonal development in vitro.

To elucidate the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the development of mouse embryo, effects of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and erythrocytes were studied in vitro. Oocytes were fertilized and 2-cell-cleaved embryos were cultured in the presence or absence of either erythrocytes, SOD or catalase. Under standard culture conditions, the fertilization and cleavage rates were 77.4 and 12.5%, respectively. In the presence of xanthine and xanthine oxidase, those rates decreased to 28.2 and 4.5%, respectively. The hazardous effect of ROS was completely inhibited by erythrocytes. These results suggested that small amounts of erythrocytes might effectively degrade ROS during the development of cultured embryos.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Heart preservation using a cavitary two-layer (University of Wisconsin solution/perfluorochemical) cold storage method.

To reduce cold ischemic injury of the heart by supplying sufficient oxygen to the heart during preservation, we have developed a new cavitary, two-layer (University of Wisconsin solution/perfluorochemical) cold storage method. The oxygenation of the heart during preservation by this method allows ATP production within the graft and makes it possible to extend preservation time up to 48 hr in the heterotopic rat heart transplant model.

Adenosine↗
PubMed1995

cDNA cloning and characterization of a novel receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatase expressed predominantly in the brain.

Protein tyrosine phosphatase has the potential to control various cellular events by negatively regulating the extent of tyrosine phosphorylation. Here, we report the isolation of a murine receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase, PTPBR7, which is expressed almost exclusively in the brain. Though the cytoplasmic portion of PTPBR7 reveals high similarity to HePTP/LC-PTP and STEP, these are, unlike PTPBR7, non-receptor protein tyrosine phosphatases. Unlike most receptor protein tyrosine phosphatases, PTPBR7 has only one cytoplasmic phosphatase domain, and its extracellular domain reveals no obvious structural similarity to known molecules. Thus, PTPBR7 defines a new subfamily of receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatases. The putative extracellular domain of PTPBR7 was expressed in COS-7 cells as a chimeric fusion protein with an immunoglobulin Fc portion (PTPBR7-Fc). PTPBR7-Fc was secreted in the culture supernatant, confirming the capability of the extracellular domain of PTPBR7 to translocate across the cytoplasmic membrane. The cytoplasmic portion of PTPBR7 was expressed as a fusion protein in bacteria and was demonstrated to have catalytic activity. The expression of PTPBR7 was detectable in brain and especially in cerebellum but undetectable in liver, lung, heart, kidney, thymus, bone marrow, and spleen. In situ hybridization analysis revealed the most prominent signal in Purkinje cells. The predominant expression of PTPBR7 in the brain suggests that PTPBR7 may have role(s) in neuronal cells.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1995

Fibrin glue sealing for the prevention of pancreatic fistulas following distal pancreatectomy.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the use of fibrin glue sealing of the pancreatic stump for the prevention of postoperative pancreatic fistulas. DESIGN: A prospective, randomized clinical trial. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Fibrin glue is a biologic adhesive consisting of highly concentrated human fibrinogen, thrombin, and factor VIII. Twenty-six of 56 patients who underwent distal pancreatectomy for gastric cancer or pancreatic disease were randomly assigned to the fibrin glue group. Fibrin glue was applied to the suture line of the pancreatic stump with the ligated main pancreatic duct. Pancreatic fistula was defined as a pancreatic fluid discharge for over 7 post-operative days diagnosed by local findings, with amylase concentration in the discharge fluid more than three times the serum amylase concentration, a level low enough that even a small pancreatic leakage could be diagnosed. RESULTS: The overall incidence of pancreatic fistula was 28.6%. Postoperative pancreatic fistulas occurred in four patients (15.4%) in the fibrin glue group and 12 (40.0%) in the control group (P = .04). The lower pancreatic fistula rate was seen in the fibrin glue group also when analyzing patients with gastric cancer or pancreatic disease only, although there was no statistically significant difference. CONCLUSIONS: Intraoperative use of fibrin glue following distal pancreatectomy could prevent pancreatic fistula formation. This method was feasible, safe, and reliable and will complement other prophylactic methods.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

HLA-DR8 and acute anterior uveitis in ankylosing spondylitis.

OBJECTIVE: To identify possible factors in the development of acute anterior uveitis (AUU) in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). METHODS: We investigated HLA antigens serologically, and HLA-DRB1*08 alleles by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism, in 42 Japanese AS patients with and without AAU. RESULTS: Thirty-six of the AS patients (85.7%) had HLA-B27. Thirteen (65%) of the 20 patients with AAU had HLA-DR8, whereas only 1 (4.5%) of the 22 patients without AAU had DR8. The difference was statistically significant (Pcorr < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that HLA-B27 is strongly associated with AS in Japanese patients and that HLA-DR8 is important for the development of AAU in Japanese patients with AS.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1995

Sequencing of the gene encoding the major pilin of pilus colonization factor antigen III (CFA/III) of human enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli and evidence that CFA/III is related to type IV pili.

The plasmid-encoded structural gene cofA necessary for the production of the major pilin subunit of pilus colonization factor antigen III (CFA/III) of human enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli was identified, and the nucleotide sequence of the gene was determined. cofA consists of 714 nucleotides encoding a 238-amino-acid protein (molecular weight of 25,309). CofA seems to be a precursor of CFA/III pilin, because the first 23 residues of the N-terminal amino acid sequence of the purified CFA/III pili coincided with the deduced amino acid sequence for residues 32 to 54 of CofA. Western blot (immunoblot) analysis of CofA also indicated its processing to form mature pilin in the presence of the downstream region of cofA. These results suggest that the major pilin of CFA/III pili is produced as a precursor form which is posttranslationally modified to the mature pilin and forms morphological pili after cleavage of the Gly-30-Met-31 junction, probably by a protease encoded by an as-yet-unknown gene located downstream of cofA. Interestingly, the N-terminal 30-amino-acid sequence of mature CFA/III shows the highest identity (76.7%) to TcpA pilin of Vibrio cholerae, which is a type IV class B pilin.

Antigens, Bacterial↗
PubMed1995

Danazol suspension injected into the uterine cervix of patients with adenomyosis and myoma. Preliminary study.

We investigated the effect of local injections of danazol suspension (DZS) into the uterine cervix. In the cervix, danazol (DZ) reached high concentrations 1 and 4-6 h after injection; then it decreased. In the endometrium, the DZ level reached a peak 1 h after injection, and then declined. On the other hand, the DZ concentration tended to increase with time after injection in ovarian tissue and it remained at a relatively constant level for more than 2 days. During treatment with DZS, various subjective symptoms and clinical findings gradually improved from the 4th week after the start of injection onward. Moreover, an improvement of subjective symptoms was observed in all the patients by the 24th week.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

A comparative evaluation of pressure-triggering and flow-triggering in pressure support ventilation (PSV) for neonates using an animal model.

The triggering system in pressure support ventilation needs to respond rapidly, especially in neonates. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of flow-triggered and pressure-triggered pressure support ventilation on neonatal mechanical ventilation using an animal model. Respiratory flow, airway pressure, oesophageal pressure, and diaphragmatic electromyogram were measured during pressure support ventilation in five anaesthetized rabbits. The animals were connected to a VIPBIRD (Bird, U.S.A.) (CPAP mode, pressure support ventilation, 5 cm H2O and PEEP 0 cm H2O). Flow-triggering sensitivity was set at 0.2l/min, 0.5l/min, 1.01l/min, or 1.5l/min. Pressure-triggering sensitivity was set at -1.0 cm H2O. Shorter trigger delay and longer pressure support time were observed in flow-triggering. There was also less diaphragmatic activity in flow-triggering as evidenced by the amplitude of integrated diaphragmatic electromyogram and negative deflection of oesophageal pressure. The findings suggest that flow-triggering will prove superior to pressure-triggering in pressure support ventilation for neonates.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Insulin-induced hypoglycemia stimulates both adrenaline and noradrenaline release from adrenal medulla in 21-day-old rats.

It has been well-established that insulin-induced hypoglycemia evokes preferential adrenaline release from the adrenal medulla in fasted adult rats. The present study examined the responsiveness to hypoglycemia in fasted 21-day-old and 8-week-old rats. The recovery of adrenaline in the chromaffin granule fraction prepared from the 8-week-old rat adrenal homogenate decreased 30 min after subcutaneous injection of 3 U/kg insulin, whereas the recovery of both adrenaline and noradrenaline was diminished in 21-day-old rats. In electron microscopy, omega-shaped profiles, indicative of exocytosis, were frequently observed in adrenaline- and noradrenaline-storing cells of 21-day-old rats. These results indicate that the responsiveness of the noradrenaline-storing cells to hypoglycemia in 21-day-old rats is different from that in young adult rats.

Adrenal Medulla↗
PubMed1995

[HLA-DR2 alleles and uveitis in leprosy].

In order to investigate the role of immunogenetic factors in the pathogenesis of uveitis in leprosy, HLA antigens were analyzed between the leprotics with and without uveitis. Sixty-five Japanese leprosy patients comprised 32 with uveitis and 33 without uveitis. Controls consisted of 138 healthy subjects. A lymphocyte cytotoxicity test was used for typing HLA-A, -B, -C, -DR and -DQ antigens. HLA-DR2 genotyping was performed by the polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) and PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) methods. The frequency of HLA-DR2 antigen was significantly increased in the patients with uveitis as compared with the control subjects (Pc < 0.0005), whereas HLA-DR53 antigen was significantly decreased (Pc < 0.05). At the genomic level the frequency of HLA-DRB1*1501 was significantly increased in the patients with uveitis and without uveitis as compared with that in the controls. The association with DRB1*1501 was even stronger in patients with uveitis (odds ratio = 7.1, Pc < 0.000005) than in the patients without uveitis (odds ratio = 4.1, Pc < 0.005). Our results suggest that HLA-DRB1*1501 contribute to the susceptibility to uveitis in the Japanese with leprosy.

Alleles↗
PubMed1995

Comparison of sperm preparation methods. Wash and concentration, swim-up, migration-gravity sedimentation, 80% Percoll and semen filtration column.

The removal of all debris and background, as well as antifertility factors present in seminal fluid, may increase the fertilizing ability of spermatozoa. A number of semen manipulative techniques are currently available to remove the undesirable spermatozoa, debris and other factors and to increase sperm quality before performance of the various assisted reproductive technologies. We compared the impact of the wash and concentration method, swim-up method, 80% Percoll method, migration-gravity sedimentation method and SpermPrep method on postmanipulation sperm quality.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[HLA and uveitis in leprosy].

In order to investigate the role of immunogenetic factors in the pathogenesis of uveitis in leprosy, human leukocyte antigens (HLA) were analyzed among leprotics with and without uveitis. The subjects were 85 Japanese leprosy patients, 44 with uveitis and 41 without uveitis. Controls were 138 healthy subjects. A modified two-stage complement dependent microcytotoxicity test was used for typing HLA-A, -B, -C, -DR and -DQ antigens. The occurrence of HLA-DR2 antigen was significantly increased in patients as a whole (69.4%), and in the patients with uveitis (79.5%) as compared with the control subjects (35.5%). The association with DR2 was even stronger in the patients with uveitis (odds ratio = 7.1, Pc < 0.000005) than in the patients as a whole (odds ratio = 4.1, Pc < 0.0001). On the other hand, HLA-DR53 antigen was significantly decreased in the patients as a whole (43.5%) and in the patients with uveitis (36.4%) as compared with the control subjects (69.6%). No significant difference in the distribution of HLA antigens was observed in the patients without uveitis. Our results suggest that HLA-DR2 contributes to the susceptibility to uveitis in Japanese leprosy patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

cDNA cloning of a novel protein tyrosine phosphatase with homology to cytoskeletal protein 4.1 and its expression in T-lineage cells.

Reversible tyrosine phosphorylation plays important regulatory roles in various cellular events including the differentiation and function of lymphocytes. Here we report the cDNA cloning of a non-receptor type protein tyrosine phosphatase, PTP36, which is expressed in murine thymus. PTP36 was a new member of a tyrosine phosphatase subfamily defined by MEG-01 and PTPH1, which had a C-terminal phosphatase domain as well as an N-terminal domain with homology to cytoskeletal-associated proteins like band 4.1, ezrin, and talin. In addition, we found a putative SH3-binding motif in PTP36 but not in MEG-01 or PTPH1. PTP36 was expressed in cells of both hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic origins. In thymocytes subpopulations, PTP36 was preferentially expressed in double positive stage cells. The change of PTP36 expression level along with T cell maturation suggests its involvement in the regulation of T cell development.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1994

Genomic instability of microsatellite repeats and its association with the evolution of chronic myelogenous leukemia.

Tumorigenesis has been shown to proceed through a series of genetic alterations involving protooncogenes and tumor-suppressor genes. Investigation of genomic instability of microsatellites has indicated a new mechanism for human carcinogenesis in hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer and sporadic cancer and this instability has been shown to be related to inherited predisposition to cancer. This study was conducted to determine whether such microsatellite instability is associated with the evolution of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) to the blast crisis. Nineteen CML patients clinically progressing from the chronic phase to accelerated phase or blast crisis and 20 other patients in the CML chronic phase were studied. By polymerase chain reaction assay, DNAs for genomic instability in five separate microsatellites in chromosome arms 5q (Mfd27), 17p (Mfd41), 18q (DCC), 3p (CI3-9), and 8p (LPL) were examined. Differences in unrelated microsatellites of chronic and blastic phase DNAs in 14 of 19 patients (73.7%) were demonstrated. Somatic instability in five microsatellites, Mfd27, Mfd41, DCC, CI3-9, and LPL, was detected in 2 of 19 (10.5%), 8 of 19 (42.1%), 11 of 19 (57.9%), 4 of 17 (23.5%), and 4 of 17 (23.5%) cases. In 10 of 19 cases (52.6%), genetic instability in at least two of five microsatellites was observed and was categorized as replication error (RER+) phenotype. CML evolution cases with myeloid, lymphoid, and mixed phenotypes and the blast crisis and accelerated phase showed somatic instability in a number of microsatellites. No alterations in leukemic cells at the chronic phase could be detected in any microsatellites. These data indicate instability of microsatellites (RER+) but not familial predisposition to possibly be a late genetic event in the evolution of CML to blast crisis. In the microsatellite of the DCC gene, complicated alterations in band patterns caused by instability as well as loss of heterozygosity (LOH) were observed in 13 of 19 cases (68.4%): instability in 9 cases, instability plus LOH in 2 cases, and only LOH in 2 cases. These highly frequent alterations in microsatellites, including instability and LOH, suggesting that secondary events due possibly to loss of fidelity in replication and repair machinery may be significantly associated with CML evolution.

Adult↗