Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

Y Fujii

Publications and source records attributed to Y Fujii.

At least 721 records · Page 40Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

[Combined effect of glucocorticoid and TJ-114 (Tsumura Sairei-to)].

TJ-114 (Tsumura Sairei-to) is a powdered extract made from 12 Chinese herbal drugs. TJ-114 is used against various nephrotic diseases and used as an inhibitory treatment for the side effects of glucocorticoids. We expected that TJ-114 would increase the survival ratio of rats given a high dose of glucocorticoid. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the combined effects of glucocorticoid and TJ-114 in rats. An ointment containing fluocinolone acetonide (FA) was applied on the back of 7-week-old Wistar male rats for various periods. TJ-114 was administered orally at the doses of 0.5, 1.0 or 2.0 g/kg simultaneously. The combination with TJ-114 suppressed the loss of body weight by FA. The survival ratio of the FA group was 50%, but it was 83% for the group treated with FA in combination with 0.5 g/kg TJ-114 and no deaths were observed in the other drug combined group. With a lower dose of FA, we investigated its hematological effects and determined the white blood cell (WBC) count. Although the lymphocytes were decreased by FA, the combination with TJ-114 depressed this decrease of lymphocytes significantly. Furthermore, TJ-114 significantly suppressed the insulin increase elicited by FA. Macroscopic observations showed atrophy and decreases in the weights of the thymus, spleen and adrenal, all being target organs of glucocorticoid. The combination with TJ-114 decreased these effects of FA. Moreover, microscopic examinations revealed that FA induced the degeneration of lymphocytes and lymphocyte depletion in the cortex of the thymus, caused atrophy of the white pulp, decreased the extramedullary hematopoiesis of the spleen, and caused the atrophy of zona fasciculata in the adrenal cortex. The combination with TJ-114 depressed these effects significantly. These results suggest that TJ-114 suppresses the adverse side effects of gucocorticoids.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1993

Idiopathic sclerosing peritonitis in a man.

Idiopathic sclerosing peritonitis (ISP) is a rare condition which has been mainly reported in young adolescent women as a cause of small bowel obstruction. In these patients the small bowel is sometimes encased in a fibrous sac called an "abdominal cocoon". We describe a 62-year-old man who underwent exploratory laparotomy for ascites and abdominal mass. Laparotomy showed 5.4 l of ascites and the entire small bowel was encased in a fibrous sausage-like cocoon. The pathological findings were characteristic of sclerosing peritonitis.

Ascites↗
PubMed1993

Experimental murine model for autoimmune myocarditis using Klebsiella pneumoniae O3 lipopolysaccharide as a potent immunological adjuvant.

Experimental autoimmune myocarditis could be produced in mice by repeated injection of syngeneic heart extract together with Klebsiella pneumoniae O3 lipopolysaccharide (KO3 LPS) as a powerful adjuvant. Histological changes in the cardiac lesions were characterized by infiltration with mononuclear cells in the myocardium, degeneration and loss of myocardial fibers, and replacement of granulation tissues. No such cardiac lesions were produced in mice receiving injections of heart extract alone or KO3 LPS alone. Development of the autoantibody and the delayed type-hypersensitivity (DTH) against syngeneic heart extract was found in mice immunized repeatedly with the mixture of heart extract and KO3 LPS. Moreover, definite cardiac lesions were produced in normal recipient mice by transfer of sensitized spleen cells from hyperimmunized mice. Therefore, it was suggested that those cardiac lesions were caused by the autoimmune mechanism. Our methodology provided a new experimental murine model for autoimmune myocarditis.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1993

[Construction of a Test Influence Inventory (TII)].

The purpose was to construct a Test Influence Inventory (TII), which consists of two parts, the one is anxiety scale and the other is test fatigue scale. Subjects were 148 (76 males and 72 females) elementary school children. Factor analysis of TII, comprised from 25 items, yielded 5 factors, namely, (1) Emotionality factor (Em), (2) Body factor (Bo), (3) Nervous factor (Ne), (4) Worry factor (Wo), (5) Perspiring factor (Pe). The test-retest reliability coefficient of TII was 0.87, and the validity coefficient by correlation with TAI (Test Anxiety Inventory: Sarason, 1975) score was 0.83. The results revealed following three points. (1) Females were higher than males on test anxiety. (2) Children who didn't go to juku school, scored higher on both test anxiety scale and test fatigue scale. (3) Children who have experienced many tests were higher on test anxiety and test fatigue.

Anxiety↗
PubMed1993

In vitro expansion of murine hematopoietic progenitor cells in liquid cultures for bone marrow transplantation: effects of stem cell factor.

In this study, we demonstrated that recombinant stem cell factor (SCF), when used in combination with interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-3 and IL-1 plus IL-3, promoted the expansion of immature murine hematopoietic progenitor cells in liquid cultures. In cultures with IL-1 plus IL-3 plus SCF, high proliferative potential-colony forming cells (HPP-CFC) increased 7-8-fold compared with the increase in fresh bone marrow cells, while SCF alone had no effect on the expansion of HPP-CFC. SCF also increased the numbers of colony forming unit-spleen (CFU-S) cells in combination with IL-1 plus IL-3. Transplantation of bone marrow cells cultured with IL-1 plus IL-3 plus SCF resulted in reconstitution of hematopoiesis in lethally irradiated mice earlier than transplantation of fresh bone marrow cells. These results raised the possibility that in vitro expansion of hematopoietic progenitor cells, carried out with SCF in combination with IL-1 and IL-3 in liquid cultures, can be utilized in bone marrow transplantation.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Major histocompatibility complex restriction of maternally induced suppression in young adult mice.

This study focused on the mode in which maternal T cells induce suppression of plaque-forming cell (PFC) response in offspring. The maternal T cells of C57BL/6J pregnant mice, which had been intraperitoneally injected with 2 x 10(8) of sheep red blood cells (SRBC) on day 12 of gestation, were transferred, 5 days after immunization, into (C3H/HeJ x C57BL/6J)F1 normal pregnant mice on day 12 of gestation. The (C3H/HeJ x C57BL/6J)F1 x C3H/HeJ offspring of (C3H/HeJ x C57BL/6J)F1 recipient pregnant mice were reared to more than 6 weeks of age, and their anti-SRBC PFC responses were examined. Suppression of anti-SRBC PFC response was observed in H-2bxk but not H-2k offspring. Thus, maternal T cells of SRBC-immunized pregnant mice induce suppression of anti-SRBC PFC in offspring with restriction to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) haplotype utilized in maternal T-cell responses during pregnancy. Maternal CD4+ T cells are responsible for the MHC-restricted induction of PFC suppression in offspring. Furthermore we demonstrated, in this report, using adoptive transfer of maternal T cells from SRBC-immunized pregnant mice and in vitro secondary PFC assay in the offspring, that maternal T-cell-mediated suppression results from the development of CD4+ suppressor T cells in offspring. Moreover, the activation of suppressor T cells in offspring depends on the recognition of SRBC antigens presented in association with the same MHC haplotype as that utilized in the maternal T-cell response during pregnancy. Thus, the maternal T cells of SRBC-immunized pregnant mice generate a repertoire of suppressor T cells in their offspring.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Effects of laryngeal mask airway on circulation and on incidence of postoperative sore throat and hoarseness].

We studied the effects of laryngeal mask airway (LM) insertion on circulation and on the incidence of postoperative sore throat or hoarseness as compared with tracheal intubation in 50 pediatric patients. LM insertion caused less change of heart rate and systolic blood pressure than tracheal intubation. The incidence of postoperative sore throat and hoarseness was less in the patient of LM group. We conclude that LM is useful in pediatric anesthesia when less circulatory changes are desirable or when the postoperative sore throat or hoarseness is to be avoided.

Anesthesia, General↗
PubMed1993

[Anesthetic management of a patient with a history of right upper lobectomy for esophageal resection via left thoracotomy].

We anesthetized a patient for esophageal resection in a right lateral decubitus position, because of his right pleural adhesion after lobectomy for tuberculosis. Although hypoxemia was expected on left lung compression during the surgery, oxygenation was not compromised. A good ventilation/perfusion relationship might have been maintained in both the right and left lungs during the procedure.

Anesthesia, Epidural↗
PubMed1993

[The utility of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) in endoscopic mucosal resection of early gastric cancer].

The utility of EUS was evaluated in 27 patients with early gastric cancer undergoing endoscopic mucosal resection over the past 2 years. Accuracy of the assessment of depth of cancerous invasion was studied in 16 patients undergoing EUS before endoscopic mucosal resection. Patients showing no changes in the submucosal (sm) layer or below on EUS included 15 with mucosal (m) cancer and one with sm cancer showing very slight infiltration. Seven patients with m cancer, a negative stump, and no ulcer in the cancer focus at endoscopic mucosal resection, were followed up for more than 1 year after endoscopic mucosal resection. On EUS, four patients showed Ul-IIs changes resembling benign ulcers, two showed Ul-IIIs changes and two showed no changes in the sm layer or below. All patients were negative for cancer in follow up biopsies. No lymphadenopathy was observed. EUS was effective in diagnosing the depth of cancerous invasion in patients undergoing endoscopic mucosal resection and also in clarifying changes in the sm and deeper layers during follow up.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

[Primary mediastinal tumors in children--comparison with mediastinal tumors in adults].

During the past 43 years, 628 patients with a primary mediastinal tumor underwent surgical operation in our institution. Of those patients, 106 patients (16.9%) were children of 15 yr of age or less and 522 patients (83.1%) were adults. 47 (44.3%) of the 106 children had neurogenic tumors, while 21 patients (19.8%) had a teratoma. 189 (36.2%) of the 522 adults had thymoma and 89 patients (17.1%) had teratoma. In the 106 children there were 71 benign tumor patients (66.9%) and 35 malignant tumor patients (33.1%). There were 277 (53.1%) benign and 245 (46.95) malignant tumors in the 522 adults. The adults had significantly more malignant tumors than the children (p < 0.01). In our series of malignant mediastinal tumors in children, 14 patients (13.3%) had a lymphoma and 11 patients (10.5%) had a neuroblastoma. On the other hand, in the adults, 127 patients (24.3%) had a thymoma and 66 patients (12.6%) had a lymphoma. Regarding benign mediastinal tumors, in children, 30 patients (28.5%) had a ganglioneuroma and 19 patients (18.0%) had a teratoma. In the adults, 68 patients (13.0%) had a teratoma and 62 patients (11.9%) had a thymoma. In the clinical manifestation, 51 child patients (48.1%) and 191 adult patients (36.6%) were asymptomatic. As symptoms due to compression or direct invasion to adjacent structures, dyspnea was seen in 16 child patients (15.1%), and chest pain occurred in 59 adult patients (11.3%). Dyspnea was significantly more common in children than in in adults (p < 0.01). Emergency operations were performed in children more than in adults.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Benign hemorrhagic renal cyst mimicking cystic renal cell carcinoma].

We experienced four cases of benign hemorrhagic renal cyst which were indistinguishable from cystic renal cell carcinoma on ultrasonography, computer tomographic scanning, magnetic resonance imaging and angiography. Nephrectomy was performed in one case and enucleation of the mass in the other three. Pathological diagnoses were hemorrhagic septate cyst in two cases, cyst with inflammation containing old blood clots in one, and organized hemorrhagic cyst with calcification in one. Conservative surgeries should be considered when the definite diagnosis for renal hemorrhagic cysts is not made.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

A murine model of experimental autoimmune lens-induced uveitis using Klebsiella O3 lipopolysaccharide as a potent immunological adjuvant.

Experimental autoimmune uveitis and finally panophthalmitis could be produced in mice by repeated immunization of syngeneic eyeball extract mixed with Klebsiella O3 lipopolysaccharide (KO3 LPS) as a powerful immunological adjuvant. No ocular lesions were produced in mice given eyeball extract emulsified in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA), KO3 LPS alone or eyeball extract alone. Histopathological changes in the ocular lesions at the early stage after the second or tertiary immunization were characterized by infiltration with inflammatory cells in the ciliary body and iris. The iridocyclitis was followed by extensive infiltration of polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMN) into the cornea, lens and the surrounding tissues after repeated immunization. Finally, these areas were replaced by granulomatous tissues infiltrated with mononuclear cells. On the other hand, the structure of the retina and sclera was partially preserved. Those mice exhibited production of autoantibodies and development of the delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) to syngeneic eyeball extract. Moreover, ocular lesions could be produced in normal recipient mice by transfer of sensitized lymphocytes from hyperimmunized mice. Therefore, it was suggested that the ocular lesions produced by repeated immunization with the mixture of eyeball extract and KO3 LPS were due to the autoimmune mechanism. This might be useful to model immunological phenomena in the pathogenesis of human phacoantigenic uveitis.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1993

[Acute respiratory failure resulting from diffuse microscopic pulmonary tumor emboli by bladder cancer: a case diagnosed at autopsy].

A 71-year-old man who had undergone a total cystectomy and a transureterocutaneostomy more than a year earlier was admitted to our hospital on February, 1992 because of the chief complaints of anorexia and systemic bone pain due to multiple bone metastases of bladder cancer. At two weeks after the admission, he had a sudden attack of dyspnea. His chest reontgenogram revealed no significant abnormalities. He had repeated attacks and died of respiratory failure two days after the first attack. An autopsy disclosed diffuse microscopic pulmonary tumor emboli in the pulmonary arteries and arterioles of bilateral lungs, but there was no parenchymal metastasis. The metastatic lesions in the sinusoids of the liver were also occupied by numerous tumor emboli, suggesting that the tumor emboli in the lungs had derived from those in the sinusoids. Microembolization of the whole lung area must be considered as a cause of clinically unexplained dyspnea.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

[Examination of cholangiogram of obstructive jaundice using MRI--compared with PTC and ERCP].

PTC and ERCP are most often used in diagnosis of obstructive jaundice. We studied the possibility of clinical diagnosis using MRI in 33 cases of obstructive jaundice. A clinical diagnosis of malignant tumors could be given in 17 cases out of 20 (85%) using MRI if respiratory standstill was possible. An MRI cholangiogram was particularly effective in describing tearful parting bile ducts and was clearer than PTC in describing negative gallbladders. Choledochal stones could be diagnosed in 58% of cases, which was less than the rate for malignant tumors. MRI is not an invasive examination, can be used in diagnosis of obstructive jaundice, and helps in selecting treatment methods such as PTCD and ERBD.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Radiation-induced cerebrovasculopathy: a case report and review of the literature].

We reported a case of a patient who suffered from a cerebrovasculopathy after irradiation therapy for astrocytoma located at the left temporal lobe. An eleven year-old boy who presented himself with headache and vomiting as his chief complaints received partial removal of a tumor. Histological diagnosis of the tumor was astrocytoma (grade II). His preoperative cerebral angiograms showed mass sign solely, without stenosis or occlusion of the cerebral vessel. Postoperatively, he was treated with irradiation therapy involving the whole brain with a total of 30 Gy, and gamma knife therapy. Six months after irradiation, he started suffering from frequent cerebral ischemic attacks, but there was no regrowth of the tumor visible on CT scans. Cerebral angiograms were made again, and revealed multifocal stenoses in the bilateral internal carotid arteries, middle cerebral arteries, and the anterior cerebral artery. His symptoms did not improve after conservative treatment with steroids, calcium antagonist, or low molecular weight dextran. Although he received a superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery (STA-MCA) anastomoses bilaterally, multiple cerebral infarctions appeared. Although irradiation therapy is acceptable in patients with brain tumor, a cerebrovasculopathy after irradiation should be considered as one of the most important complications, and the risk incurred by irradiation therapy should lead to more careful consideration and caution when treating intracranial brain tumors, especially in children. From our experience, the usefulness of bypass surgery for radiation-induced cerebrovasculopathy is still controversial.

Astrocytoma↗
PubMed1993

[A case of benign mesothelioma of the tunica vaginalis testis].

A case of benign mesothelioma of the tunica vaginalis testis is described. A 56-year-old man with no history of asbestos exposure presented with a swelling of the left scrotal content. A physical examination revealed a hydrocele and an induration on the left epididymal head. A cytological examination of the hydrocele fluid demonstrated clusters of mesothelial cells without evidence of malignancy (class III). Left inguinal orchiectomy was performed because a 15 mm papillary pedunculated tumor was seen on the surface of the tunica vaginalis. A microscopic examination showed the papillary and glandular structures composed of cuboidal cells with no cytologic atypia, which were consistent with benign mesothelioma. The patient remains well and free of recurrent disease 10 years after operation.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1993

Role of interleukin-6 in the progression of mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis.

Mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (mesPGN) is histologically characterized by proliferation of mesangial cells (MC), suggesting the involvement of a growth factor for MC in the pathogenesis of mesPGN. We have previously shown that interleukin-6 (IL-6) induces proliferation of cultured rat mesangial cells, and urine samples from patients with IgA nephropathy contain high level of IL-6 activity. We have also demonstrated that transgenic mice carrying a human IL-6 genomic gene showed severe mesangial proliferation and matrix enlargement. Urinary samples of patients with lupus nephritis as well as IgA nephropathy contain significant IL-6 activity. Over a ten month follow-up, a positive correlation between the urinary IL-6 and pathological score was observed. Hence, measurement of urinary IL-6 can be used as a good indicator for monitoring IgA nephropathy and lupus nephritis. Using RT-PCR methods, IL-6 mRNA was detected in the glomeruli of renal biopsy specimens obtained from patients with IgA nephropathy and lupus nephritis.

Animals↗