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Biomedical subjects

Y Fujii

Publications and source records attributed to Y Fujii.

At least 613 records · Page 34Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

[Castleman's lymphoma presenting marked bronchial obstruction and compression of the great vessels: a case report].

A 24-year-old Caucasian male from Chile developed mediastinal Castleman's lymphoma, hyaline-vascular type, occupying from upper pre-tracheal to sub-carinal region, severely compressing the trachea, left main bronchus, pulmonary artery, and pericardium. Bronchofiberscopy demonstrated complete obstruction of the left main bronchus and the severe telangiectasis of the mucosa. The patient complained of the stridor and shortness of breath. The left thoracotomy had been performed in Chile, but unsucceeded in extirpation because of the adherence and the hypervascularity of the tumor. After 24 Gy irradiation, we performed the right thoracotomy and succeeded in extirpation of the tumor. It was the key for success that we could approach from right side under left sided unilateral ventilation. Castleman's lymphoma is not a rare disease, but the manifestation due to the bronchial obstruction is uncommon. So we present this case and review the literatures.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[A case of small cell lung cancer with renal insufficiency effectively treated with oral etoposide administration].

A 74-year-old woman with left-sided heart failure was admitted to our department with abnormal shadow in the right lung. Chest X-P and CT scans showed a tumor shadow measuring 2.5 cm in the right lower lobe and mediastinal lymphnode swelling. Cytological examination of needle biopsy specimen revealed small cell carcinoma (cT1N2M0). Elevations of tumor marker, NSE and CEA were noticed at 11.8 and 12.7 ng/ml, respectively. Considering complications including renal insufficiency and heart failure in the case, 2 courses of oral etoposide (25 mg/body) for 21 consecutive days were performed. The tumor shadow decreased remarkably in size and complete response (CR) was obtained. Side effects were all tolerable. A pharmacokinetic study of etoposide revealed serum etoposide levels of more than 1.0 microgram/ml on day 15. These results suggest that oral etoposide administration is an effective regimen in small cell lung cancer patients associated with renal insufficiency.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1995

[A case of chest wall tumor associated with production of CA125 treated effectively by chemotherapy].

A 61-year-old female was admitted to our hospital because of a mass in right lateral chest wall and chest pain. Chest X-P and CT scans showed a right chest wall tumor and pleural effusion. Biopsy specimen from the chest wall tumor revealed an adenocarcinoma, not a mesothelioma, based on immunohistochemical study. Cancer cells were also detected in pleural effusion. Imaging diagnostic analysis could detect no primary tumor in lung field or other organs. High levels of CA125 were noticed: 9,610 U/ml in serum and 37,600 U/ml in pleural effusion, respectively. Finally, there was a possibility that the chest wall tumor might be a metastatic lesion from undetected ovarian cancers, so three cycles of combined chemotherapy (CDDP+ADM+CPA) were done. CDDP plus OK-432 was also injected two times intrapleurally. After chemotherapy, the chest wall tumor and effusion disappeared and the serum CA125 level decreased to the normal range.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1995

[Pelvic kidney associated with staghorn calculus and renal pelvic cancer: a case report].

A 63-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with complaints of right lower abdominal pain and stone excretions. The patient was diagnosed as having a pelvic kidney associated with staghorn calculus and extended pyelolithotomy was to be performed. However, during the operation, a papillary tumor was found in the renal pelvis occupied with staghorn calculus. As the pathological examination of its frozen section was low grade transitional cell carcinoma, nephro-ureterectomy was performed. Pelvic kidney associated with staghorn calculus or renal pelvic tumor with stones is not rare, but pelvic kidney associated with staghorn calculus and renal pelvic cancer is extremely rare.

Carcinoma, Transitional Cell↗
PubMed1995

[Ultrastructural study of lens fiber cells by quick-freezing and deep-etching].

The ultrastructure of lens fiber cytoskeleton was studied by quick-freezing and deep-etching. Lenses of 5 Wistar male rats were divided into lens cortex and lens nucleus. Filamentous structures were clearly observed in the cortical fiber cells, which had diameters in 10 approximately 15 nm or about 5 nm. They showed a meshwork structure. On the other hand, the filamentous structures showed a linear, dense, and laminar pattern in the nuclear fiber cells. These ultrastructural changes of cytoskeletons may be related to the elongation and differentiation of lens fiber cells and may be important for maintaining transparency of the lens.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

The carboxyl-terminal region of HIV-1 Nef protein is a cell surface domain that can interact with CD4+ T cells.

Our previous studies have shown that the HIV-1 Nef Ag is expressed, at least in part, on the surface of infected cells. We demonstrated this by using membrane immunofluorescence and flow cytometry with Nef murine mAbs. To identify the domain of Nef exposed on the cell surface, epitope mapping of these and a new mAb was performed by ELISAs by using several recombinant truncated Nef fusion proteins and synthetic peptides. The results showed that mAbs F1, E7, E9, and 4H4 recognized Nef epitopes located at amino acid residues 148-157, 192-206, 158-206, and 1-33, respectively. The intensity of cell surface Nef staining was stronger with mAbs E7 and E9 than with F1, and there was no staining by 4H4, which indicates that the carboxyl-terminal region of Nef is predominantly exposed on the surface of HIV-1-infected T cell lines and PBMC. This surface Nef domain displayed high affinity for the surface of uninfected CD4+ T cells, because the binding of a soluble form of recombinant Nef protein to the cell surface was specifically blocked by the E7 and E9 mAbs or by synthetic peptides that contained the carboxyl-terminal region of Nef. In addition, syncytium formation between infected and uninfected cells also was specifically reduced by the same mAbs or peptides. Thus, the cell surface domain of Nef seems to play an important role in the interaction between HIV-1-infected and CD4+ uninfected T cells.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1994

Somatostatin receptor subtype SSTR2 mediates the inhibition of high-voltage-activated calcium channels by somatostatin and its analogue SMS 201-995.

Somatostatin and its analogue SMS 201-995 inhibit high voltage-activated (HVA) Ca2+ currents in the rat insulinoma cell line RINm5F which stably express cloned human somatostatin receptor subtype 2 (hSSTR2). In contrast, neither somatostatin nor SMS 201-995 suppresses the HVA Ca2+ currents in RINm5F which stably express cloned hSSTR1. These results suggest that somatostatin-induced inhibition of HVA Ca2+ currents is mediated by a specific receptor subtype and that inhibition of calcium influx through HVA Ca2+ channels is one of the mechanisms of SMS 201-995 action on inhibitory processes of hormone secretion and cell proliferation.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Binding protein for Escherichia coli heat-stable enterotoxin II in mouse intestinal membrane.

The protein binding Escherichia coli heat-stable enterotoxin II (STII) was isolated from cell membranes of mouse intestine. The binding of 125I-labeled STII to the proteins was inhibited by unlabeled STII, showing that it is specific. Proteins cross-linked with 125I-STII were purified by column chromatography on hydroxyapatite and TSK gel. Analyses of the purified protein by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and gel filtration showed that the molecular mass was 25 kDa.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

In vivo effects of the immunosuppressant 15-deoxyspergualin on hematopoiesis in murine allogeneic bone marrow chimeras. Its thrombopoietic activity and reversal of adverse effects with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and/or erythropoietin.

When 15-deoxyspergualin (DSG), a potent immunosuppressant, was administered into [BALB/c-->C3H/He] bone marrow chimeras from day 14 to day 25, increased thrombopoiesis was induced on day 20 to day 33, accompanied by marked leukocytopenia and anemia. The mean platelet counts in DSG-treated and control [BALB/c-->C3H/He] bone marrow chimeras on day 25 were (114.1 +/- 0.5) x 10(4)/microliter versus (58.6 +/- 2.6) x 10(4)/microliter (1.9-fold increase). Colony-forming units-megakaryocyte (CFU-Meg) were not significantly increased in DSG-treated bone marrow chimeras. Colony-forming units-granulocyte/macrophage (CFU-GM) and burst-forming units-erythroid (BFU-E) were decreased during DSG-treatment whereas CFU-Mix colony formations were rather increased, and more primitive hematopoietic progenitor cells (highly proliferative potential colony-forming units [CFU-HPP]) were not decreased in the same time period. Since CFU-GM and BFU-E colony formations were increased immediately after the cessation of DSG treatment, followed by the rebound of leukocyte counts and the recovery of hemoglobin (Hb) levels, the leukocytopenia and anemia appeared to be induced by a cytostatic effect of DSG. The adverse effect of DSG was partly reversed by the simultaneous administration of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and/or erythropoietin (EPO), suggesting the need for the administration of these cytokines in the case of bone marrow transplants treated with DSG. Furthermore, it was of note that DSG modulated hematopoiesis and stimulated the production of thrombopoietin (TPO)-like cytokine(s) as well as interleukin-3 (IL-3).

Anemia↗
PubMed1994

Cloning and functional characterization of a third pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide receptor subtype expressed in insulin-secreting cells.

Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) is a neuropeptide belonging to the vasoactive intestinal polypeptide/glucagon/secretin family. It is widely distributed in the body, and a variety of biological actions have been reported. PACAP exerts its biological effects by binding to specific receptors that are coupled to GTP-binding proteins. Recent studies have shown that there is a family of PACAP receptors (PACAPRs), and two members of this family have been identified. We report here the cloning, functional expression, and tissue distribution of a third PACAPR subtype, designated PACAPR-3. The cDNA encoding PACAPR-3 has been isolated from a mouse insulin-secreting beta-cell line MIN6 cDNA library. Mouse PACAPR-3 is a protein of 437 amino acids that has 50% and 51% identity with rat PACAP type I and type II receptors, respectively. Expression of recombinant mouse PACAPR-3 in mammalian cells shows that it binds to vasoactive intestinal polypeptide as well as PACAP-38 and -27, with a slightly higher affinity for PACAP-38, and is positively coupled to adenylate cyclase. The expression of PACAPR-3 in Xenopus oocytes indicates that calcium-activated chloride currents are evoked by PACAP and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, suggesting that PACAPR-3 can also be coupled to phospholipase C. RNA blot analysis studies reveal that PACAPR-3 mRNA is expressed at high levels in MIN6, at moderate levels in pancreatic islets and other insulin-secreting cell lines, HIT-T15 and RINm5F, as well as in the lung, brain, stomach, and colon, and at low levels in the heart. Furthermore, insulin secretion from MIN6 cells is significantly stimulated by PACAP-38. These results suggest that the diverse biological effects of PACAP are mediated by a family of structurally related proteins and that PACAPR-3 participates in the regulation of insulin secretion.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1994

T cell receptor V beta 15 dominates the antiacetylcholine receptor response in Lewis rat T cell lines.

Ten Lewis rat T cell lines responsive to Torpedo californica acetylcholine receptor (AChR) were assayed for TCR V beta usage. All lines were CD4+, OX-22-, and exhibited reactivity to one or more AChR chains. Several different V beta s were expressed by these lines, but V beta 15 was dominant in 5 of 10 lines. Unique CDR3 sequences were observed among the 10 lines, although three of the V beta 15 rearrangements used J beta 1.4. These data suggest that V beta 15+ T cells are selected in the in vitro response to the antigenically complex AChR in the Lewis rat.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1994

Hepatitis C virus infection in patients with leukemia.

We have studied 30 patients with acute leukemia by the second-generation assay for antibodies to hepatitis C virus (HCV) to determine the incidence of HCV infection and the impact of anti-HCV positivity on liver disease. After a complete remission, 21/30 (70%) patients were anti-HCV-positive. During chemotherapy the anti-HCV-positive patients had more severe liver disease than the anti-HCV-negative patients, and they had a higher incidence of chronic hepatitis (13/21; 62% vs. 1/9; 11%, P < 0.01). During subsequent follow-up, 15/30 (50%) patients relapsed and 15/30 (50%) patients completed the chemotherapy protocols. After a relapse 12/15 (80%) patients were anti-HCV-positive and they had more severe liver disease than the anti-HCV-negative patients. Among the patients who completed chemotherapy (n = 15), biochemical evidence of chronic hepatitis was found in 9/9 (100%) anti-HCV-positive, and 2/6 (33%) anti-HCV-negative cases during off-therapy follow-up after therapy-withdrawal (P < 0.05). These results indicate that HCV plays an important role in the etiology of chronic hepatitis which could worsen the final prognosis of successfully treated patients with leukemia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Chromosome analysis of brain tumors in childhood.

We performed a chromosome analysis of 26 pediatric brain tumors, including 20 primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNETs). 5 astrocytomas, and 1 immature teratoma. Specimens were treated with collagenase, placed in overnight or short-term cultures, and harvested for chromosome analysis. Numerical and/or structural abnormalities were noted in 14 of the 20 PNETs and 4 of the 5 astrocytomas. In 13 PNETs, so-called medulloblastoma in the cerebellum, an i(17q) was the most frequent structural abnormality, accounting for 30% (4/13). Double minute chromosomes (dmin) were observed in one tumor. Near-diploidy was demonstrated in three of these PNETs, hyperdiploidy in three, and near-tetraploidy in three. We could not find any correlation of these cytogenetic findings with the prognosis. In the remaining seven PNETs other than medulloblastoma, the karyotypes of five PNETs demonstrated a variety of numerical and structural abnormalities. As to the astrocytomas, losses of chromosomes 7 and 9 with dmin were observed in two, and structural abnormalities of chromosomes 1 and 17 were also observed in two tumors. In our limited cases, however, we could not find the same chromosome abnormalities that are well known in adult astrocytomas. A congenital immature teratoma showed hyperdiploidy with increased numbers of chromosomes 3, 6, and 12. We conclude that i(17q) is an important chromosome abnormality in medulloblastomas, and that the oncogenesis of pediatric astrocytomas might be different cytogenetically from that of adult astrocytomas.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in neuromuscular diseases.

Body components were measured noninvasively in patients with neuromuscular disease by using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), capable of separately analyzing fat, bone, and muscle content. In all patients with muscle atrophy of myogenic or neurogenic origin, muscle mass was markedly reduced. Although all three components (fat, muscle, and bone) were decreased in neurogenic atrophy patients, fat mass alone was increased significantly in myogenic atrophy patients. The fat/muscle ratio (f/m) was significantly higher in myogenic atrophy patients than in the normal controls and neurogenic atrophy patients. The higher f/m ratio in myogenic atrophy patients seems to reflect a marked fat infiltration into atrophied skeletal muscles of patients with primary muscular disease. Using DXA, it is possible to distinguish clearly between myogenic atrophy from neurogenic atrophy, opening the way to an evaluation of the severity of quantitative and qualitative muscle changes in neuromuscular disease.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗