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Biomedical subjects

Y F Leung

Publications and source records attributed to Y F Leung.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Acute dislocation of the elbow caused by a solitary osteochondroma of the proximal radius.

A young man presented with acute dislocation of the left elbow at the radio-capitellar articulation caused by trapping of the biceps tendon at the stalk of a solitary osteochondroma. There was no deformity of the ulna and radius shaft suggestive of a developmental growth disturbance of the forearm bones. Good reduction could be achieved by simple relocation of the biceps tendon. The osteochondroma was excised.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2005

The crisscross injury mechanism in forearm injuries.

INTRODUCTION: A new mechanism of injury of the forearm bones, crisscross injury, is described. It is more common than the Essex-Lopresti fracture dislocation. The old concept of isolated injury of one side of the radioulnar joint may be challenged. It often occurs in Mason type II fracture dislocation of the radial head or dislocation of radioulnar joints. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The first part was a cadaveric study of the crisscross injury of forearms. The second part was a clinical study of the crisscross injury in some cases of Mason type II fracture radial head and double dislocation of the radioulnar joint. RESULTS: The cadaveric study confirmed a stable crisscross fracture dislocation injury with intact interosseous membrane. The clinical study echoed the presence of this injury by imaging techniques. CONCLUSION: The crisscross injury mechanism explains the mirror pathogenesis of the traumatic fracture dislocation of the distal and proximal radioulnar joints with intact shaft of the radius and ulna. Co-existing subluxation or dislocation of the other radioulnar articulation must not be overlooked in cases of fracture dislocation of one radioulnar joint. Two types of crisscross injury of forearm bones are proposed.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Short-stay in-patient rehabilitation of elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: prospective study.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effectiveness of a short-stay in-patient rehabilitation programme. DESIGN: Prospective case-control cohort study. SETTING: Regional medical centre, Hong Kong. PATIENTS: One hundred and thirty symptomatic elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who had been treated for an acute respiratory illness in 1998. They were divided into two groups: the conventional treatment group, which received no rehabilitation (n=65), and the rehabilitation group (n=65). INTERVENTION: A short-stay in-patient rehabilitation programme was implemented, which included assessment, patient and caregiver education, an exercise regimen, physiotherapy, occupational therapy, and case conference. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Length of stay, hospital re-admission rate, and admission-free interval. RESULTS: The mean length of stay in the rehabilitation ward was 6.2 days. The rate of hospital re-admission was significantly higher in the conventional treatment group than in the rehabilitation group, both within 28 days of discharge home (relative risk=3.33; 95% confidence interval, 2.32-4.56; P=0.019) and at 100 days after discharge (relative risk=2.47; 95% confidence interval, 1.78-3.48; P<0.001). The admission-free interval was significantly longer in the rehabilitation group than in the conventional treatment group (1.13 years vs 0.86 years; P<0.001). CONCLUSION: A short-stay in-patient rehabilitation programme is effective in reducing hospital re-admission rates. This type of rehabilitation service may be important for elderly patients, as well as for patients with more advanced disease and more functional deficits than others.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

Unimuscular neuromuscular insult of the leg in partial anterior compartment syndrome in a patient with combined fractures.

A complicated case of ipsilateral fractures of the left femur and tibia after a road traffic accident is reported. The patient presented with numbness of the first web of his left foot and contracture of the extensor hallucis longus muscle, with fixed length deformity after intramedullary nailing of the femur and tibia. The extensor digitorum longus and tibialis anterior muscles were spared. Tinel's sign could be elicited at the mid-portion of the anterior compartment of the injured leg. This indicated that the distal half of the anterior tibial nerve (deep peroneal nerve), together with the extensor hallucis muscle of the anterior compartment of the leg, had been damaged. The subsequent management of this patient is described.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed2001

The miracle of microarray data analysis.

A report on the tenth Annual Bioinformatics and Genome Research meeting of the Cambridge Healthtech Institute's Beyond Genome 2001 series, San Francisco, USA, 17-19 June 2001.

Humans↗
PubMed2001

All aboard the chip!

The Cambridge Healthtech Institute's Microarrays and Microchips conference was held in Tokyo, Japan, 4-5 June 2001.

Biotechnology↗
PubMed2001

Incidence of deep vein thrombosis after colorectal surgery in a Chinese population.

INTRODUCTION: Contemporary studies indicate that the incidence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is increasing in the Asian population. The present study aims to evaluate the incidence of postoperative DVT in Chinese patients undergoing surgery for colorectal malignancies. METHODS: Fifty-one consecutive patients with carcinoma of the rectum or sigmoid colon scheduled for resection were included in the study. None of the study subjects were given any form of DVT prophylaxis. Serial duplex ultrasound of both lower limbs were examined in the preoperative and postoperative periods. RESULTS: Three patients were excluded from the study because of the presence of DVT noted preoperatively. A total of 20/48 (41.7%) patients developed asymptomatic calf vein thrombosis. One out of 20 patients required anticoagulation because of thrombus propagation. None of the subjects showed signs or symptoms of DVT or pulmonary embolism. A total of 7/20 thrombi resolved completely at 4 weeks after operation. Only old age and smoking were identified as being associated with a higher incidence of DVT. Disseminated disease, type of operation, duration of operation and postoperative complications did not appear to be risk factors for DVT. CONCLUSION: A high incidence of asymptomatic calf vein thrombosis occurred after colorectal surgery for malignancies in Chinese. The majority did not progress even without anticoagulation.

Age Factors↗
PubMed2001

High-throughput conformation-sensitive gel electrophoresis for discovery of SNPs.

High-throughput screening for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) or mutations can be achieved by inexpensive technologies. We modified the original protocols of conformation-sensitive gel electrophoresis (CSGE) to increase throughput several fold to 1.3 samples/min, which is about five times faster than denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC). The modifications include decreasing the gel thickness, increasing the number of lanes to 96, and increasing the number of samples per lane to seven. This high-throughput CSGE method is fast, robust, and as simple as the original protocols. Together with a two-stage strategy for screening homozygotes and the replacement of ethidium bromide with SYBR Gold DNA dye staining, this protocol is a reliable and cost-effective alternative for laboratories that require high-throughput screening.

Heterozygote↗
PubMed2000

Depression in institutionalised older people with impaired vision.

OBJECTIVES: For depression in institutionalised elders with visual impairment, there is a lack of information in the literature. A panel study was performed: (1) to determine the prevalence of depressive symptoms, and (2) to investigate the risk factors of depression. METHOD: Residents of a nursing home for the aged blind were recruited. Measurements included: Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), Snellen Eye Chart, age, duration of institutionalisation, duration of impaired vision, and functional ability. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: The proportion of participants who scored GDS> or =6/15 was 45.2%. The rate of depression among visually impaired nursing home residents is higher compared to other populations reported. The depressed participants had significantly shorter duration of institutionalisation (3.4 years vs 7.1 years, rank-sum, p=0.007) and lower functional ability (Barthel Index 60.7/100 vs 85.6/100, rank-sum, p=0.002) as compared to the non-depressed. No significant difference was found in age and length of impaired vision. A logistic regression model predicting depressive symptoms found that the duration of institutionalisation (odds ratio 0.75; 95% confidence interval 0.59-0.94), and functional ability (odds ratio 0.96; 95% confidence interval 0.92-0.99), were independently and inversely associated with depressive mood after controlling for age and duration of blindness. The effects of blindness and living in a long-term care institution were identified. Recommendations on screening and management of depression were provided.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed2000

Tuberculous osteomyelitis of the scapula.

Tuberculous osteomyelitis is an uncommon disease entity. We report two cases of tuberculous infection of the scapula, one involving the acromion and one involving the body of the scapula. Tuberculosis is still an important differential diagnosis in unusual or chronic bone conditions.

Adult↗