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Biomedical subjects

Y Englert

Publications and source records attributed to Y Englert.

103 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Higher pregnancy rates after in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer in cases with sperm defects.

One hundred thirty-three couples were classified into four groups according to previous sperm analyses. These couples underwent 237 in vitro fertilization trials that led to 46 clinical pregnancies (19.4%/trial). Clinical pregnancy rate per laparoscopy of the group with male defects was significantly higher than that of the normospermic couples (25 versus 14%, P less than 0.05). The fertilization rate was significantly reduced only if two sperm anomalies were present (P less than 0.05). However, the mean number of embryos transferred did not differ significantly among the four groups, but the proportion of trials without transfer was increased with regard to the severity of sperm defect. Implantation rate per embryo in cases of triple transfer was significantly higher in the group with sperm anomalies as compared with the normospermic cases (18 versus 10%, P less than 0.02). Correction of the male problem through IVF treatment allows higher female fertility to be disclosed in these cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

In-vitro fertilization with donor sperm after failure of artificial insemination.

This retrospective study compares results of artificial insemination by donor (AID) and in-vitro fertilization (IVF) trials, and especially of IVF treatment with fresh donor spermatozoa in patients who were unsuccessfully treated on 18 occasions by AID using frozen semen. AID gives cumulative pregnancy rate of 54.6% after six trials. But after 18 trials, 22.4% of the patients were still not pregnant. Treating them with IVF gave a probability of pregnancy as good as in the other IVF patients, 53.9% after six trials. However, pregnancy loss rates differed resulting in cumulative normal pregnancy rates of 16.2% in AID cycles ranking from 19 to 24 compared with 41.8% when going to IVF. In 'ex-AID' women, significantly more follicles were punctured, but the number of oocytes obtained and fertilized, embryos replaced, and the incidence of pregnancy did not differ from the other patients. Considering separately the various infertility factors encountered in the patients, the pregnancy rates still did not differ between ex-AID women and the others. Changing from long-term failed AID to IVF is certainly acceptable and even more so with the newly introduced technique of trans-vaginal puncture. The female infertility factors involved in AID failure are corrected in IVF.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Morphological anomalies in the placentae of IVF pregnancies: preliminary report of a multicentric study.

Macroscopic characteristics of 100 fetal adnexae from pregnancies obtained by in-vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) were compared with data for normal pregnancies taken from the literature. Material was obtained from 63 singleton, 15 twin, one triplet and one quadruplet pregnancies. The fetal and placental weights as well as the fetal:placental weight ratio were within the normal range for gestational age. Whilst placental morphology was normal, the insertion of the umbilical cord was frequently abnormal. Marginal (15%) and velamentous (14%) insertions of the umbilical cord were found more frequently than in a general obstetrical population (6% and 1% respectively). Excluding placentae from multiple pregnancies (which are known to have a higher incidence of abnormal cord insertion) the frequency did not decrease and remained significantly higher than in a normal population (P less than 0.01 and P less than 0.001, for marginal and velamentous insertion respectively). Abnormal insertion of the cord is of major clinical importance because of its association with vasa praevia and fetal haemorrhage (Benkiser Syndrome). Since this condition is thought to be caused by disturbed orientation of the blastocyst at implantation it is probably related to the IVF-ET procedure.

Embryo Implantation↗
PubMed1987

Problems related to the laboratory part of treatment by in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer.

The successive stages leading to fertilization in mammals are reviewed in this article. Methods of human sperm preparation for IVF are described and the "ideal" delay between oocyte pick-up and insemination time is discussed, as well as methods to reduce the incidence of polyspermy. Different culture media and their supplementation are mentioned, as well as a semi-quantitative embryonic scoring system, defined by the IVF team of the Saint-Pierre Hospital in Brussels. Finally the optimal transfer time, and the handling of embryos at replacement are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Clinical study on embryo transfer after human in vitro fertilization.

One hundred forty-six embryo transfers were carried out in the In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) Clinic at St. Pierre Hospital, Brussels, between November 1983 and February 1985. In each of these cases a series of characteristics of the replacement procedure was systematically recorded. Analysis of these data in relation to pregnancy rates indicated that no significant differences appeared among three different operators, the absence or occurrence of cervical bleeding and subjective evaluation of the procedure were related to the chances of establishing a pregnancy, and the duration of replacement had no influence on the outcome of trials. A prospective randomized study of 100 replacements showed that no better pregnancy rate was obtained by placing patients in the knee-to-chest rather than the dorsal position and the addition of a rigid external sleeve to the catheter did not provide any advantage. A simplified method of replacement is thus advocated.

Catheterization↗
PubMed1986

Factors leading to tripronucleate eggs during human in-vitro fertilization.

Four-hundred-and-ninety-one oocytes were collected from 142 successive patients attending for in-vitro fertilization. The systematic observation of pronuclei between 14 and 18 h after insemination revealed 27 cases of tripronucleate eggs among 391 fertilized eggs (6.9%), which corresponds to rates generally reported in the literature. The following parameters were analysed in relation to the incidence of these eggs: aetiology of infertility, follicular response to hormonal stimulation, type of ovulatory stimulus, sperm count and motility and the incidence of fertilization. Only fertilization rates and concentration of motile spermatozoa in the insemination medium were found to be correlated with tripronucleate eggs, confirming that the condition is predominantly due to polyspermy. Comparisons with data from animals, and measures aimed at preventing polyspermy are suggested.

Cell Nucleus↗
PubMed1985

[Can the action of the social worker lead to child abuse?].

The authors report a case where the interference of a health worker led to child abuse in a family for which he had charge. They examine the interactions existing between the concerned team and the high-risk family. They notice that violent situations are often maintained by the higher number of psychosocial interventions and by the intrusive and rigid attitudes of the health workers. A real change in the parental situation can only be obtained by a systematic approach to the families involved, centered not only on the interactions between the child and its parents but also on the interactions between the health system and the family.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1985

Institutional abuse: tubal sterilization in a population at risk of ill-treating their children.

Among the 145 patients at risk of child abuse and neglect who were seen in 1980 in our institution in the prevention of child abuse and neglect prenatal clinic, 19 were sterilized after giving birth. The criteria applied to these 19 patients were compared to the common criteria applied to our general maternity population. We were able to prove that these common criteria were systematically disregarded in the case of a mother at risk of ill-treating her child. We further studied our approach from the angle of the conflict which could exist for health care professionals between the choice of leaving these women with the right to reproduce or putting an end to a history of ill-treatment of children.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Lethal multiple pterygium syndrome.

We report on two fetuses with a lethal form of multiple-pterygium syndrome born to first cousins. The two pregnancies aborted spontaneously in the 2nd trimester, the fetuses, 10-11 weeks of embryonic age, showing multiple pterygia and multiple cartilaginous fusions. One had cleft lip and palate. In both cases the microscopic anatomy of the placenta showed villi with scalloped border and intravillous trophoblastic invaginations.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1984

Delayed appearance of plasmatic chorionic gonadotropin in pregnancies after in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer.

The detection of pregnancy through the rise of human chorionic gonadotropin hormone secretion, on maternal plasma level, has been studied in normally developed pregnancies following in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET), and compared with two other groups of pregnancies, the first group being pregnancies following artificial insemination with donor semen (AID) in spontaneous cycles ("AID group") and the second group being pregnancies following in vivo fertilization in a stimulated cycle ("stimulated group"). The day of human chorionic gonadotropin detection level significant for pregnancy (Dd) has been first defined and then determined for each pregnancy. Thereafter, mean levels for Dd (Dd) have been compared for each pregnancy group. It has been found that in pregnancies following IVF-ET, Dd is 12.05 +/- 0.8 days after ovulatory stimulus, which is delayed in comparison with spontaneous cycle pregnancies (Dd = 9.5 +/- 1.0) and with stimulated cycle pregnancies (Dd = 8.0 +/- 1.5). The hypothesis to explain this observation is then discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Serum sensitivity of strains isolated and antibodies against O antigen in gram-negative bacteraemia.

The sensitivity of blood culture isolates to the bactericidal activity of normal human serum (NHS) has been studied in 101 patients with gram-negative sepsis. These results were compared with clinical status and outcome, and to the presence of specific IgG or IgM antibodies to O antigens of bacteraemic strains in autologous serum. 23% of the strains were markedly resistant, 27% markedly sensitive and 50% intermediately sensitive to the bactericidal activity of NHS. Shock or death occurred more frequently in immunocompromised patients and those infected with serum-resistant strains. IgG antibody titres to O antigens were significantly lower in patients with serum-resistant organisms regardless of their immune status. Resistance to natural bactericidal antibodies and low immunogenicity of the infecting organism, plus immunodeficiency in the host, may account for apparent increased virulence of some gram-negative bacilli.

Adult↗