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Biomedical subjects

Y Endo

Publications and source records attributed to Y Endo.

At least 577 records · Page 32Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Disseminated intravascular coagulation accompanying thoracic and abdominal aortic aneurysm; report of three cases.

We reported three patients who developed disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) accompanying thoracic and abdominal aortic aneurysm. The first case, a 26-year-old man with dissecting aortic aneurysm developed DIC with clinical bleeding after operating on glaucoma. The administration of fibrinogen concentrates and antifibrinolytic agent made his DIC improve. The second case, a 70-year-old man with abdominal aortic aneurysm developed DIC showing large ecchymosis after angiography. His DIC disappeared after operation on aneurysm. The third case, a 73-year-old woman with thoracic and abdominal aneurysm developed laboratory-DIC without severe hemorrhagic diathesis. During antifibrinolytic therapy, platelet count, fibrinogen and fibrinogen degradation product (FDP) level improved. Since the treatment of the coagulopathy might be varied in the situation of the cause and clinical course, it is noted that anti-fibrinolytic therapy was effective in our two cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[The effect of a mixture of tegafur with uracil (UFT) on hepatocarcinogenesis in rats induced by 3'-methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene. I. The influence on production of alpha-fetoprotein].

We studied the effect of UFT (a mixture of Tegafur and uracil at a ratio of 1:4) on hepatocarcinogenesis and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) production induced by 3'-methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene (3'-MeDAB) in rats. By feeding rats with 3'-MeDAB diet, serum AFP started to appear from week 2-3 and increased until week 5-7, then declined until week 10-11. This phenomenon of a transient appearance of serum AFP is called "primary reaction". After week 11 hepatoma started to develop accompanied with an enormous elevation of serum AFP level until animals die, generally before week 25. Male Donryu strain rats fed a diet containing 0.06% 3'-MeDAB for 10 weeks, and then fed the normal diet. UFT was given by a stomach tube once a day for five days a week. Blood was collected from the tail vein every other week and serum AFP was measured by Rocket electrophoresis technique. When the administration of UFT (10 mg or 20 mg/kg/day) was started simultaneously with feeding 3'-MeDAB diet, the primary reaction was somewhat suppressed, and after week 11 development of hepatoma and elevation of AFP were markedly inhibited. The administration of UFT of a high dose (40 mg/kg/day) caused the death of animals in 7 weeks probably because of its toxicity. When the administration of UFT (10 mg or 20 mg/kg/day) was started after finish of feeding 3'-MeDAB diet for 10 weeks, the drug was not effective. These results show that if the administration of UFT was commenced at the same time with feeding 3'-MeDAB diet, the hepatocarcinogenesis and AFP production are strongly inhibited.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Highly specific enzyme immunoassay for the beta-subunit of human thyrotropin with use of monoclonal antibodies.

A highly specific enzyme-linked "sandwich" immunoassay is described for determining free human thyrotropin (hTSH) beta-subunit in serum by using a anti-hTSH beta-subunit monoclonal antibody conjugated with beta-D-galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.23) and a solid phase consisting of silicone rods coated with another monoclonal antibody. We could detect as little as 0.04 ng of beta-subunit per assay. The measurable range of hTSH beta-subunit concentrations in serum was 0.4 to 50 micrograms/L. The assay demonstrated little or no cross reactivity with intact hTSH, hTSH alpha-subunit, or human choriogonadotropin. The mean CVs were 12.2% within assay, 13.9% between assay. The hTSH beta-subunit was not detectable in sera from healthy subjects, patients with hyperthyroidism, or two patients with pituitary tumors producing TSH. It was measurable (at concentrations of 0.65 to 2.70 micrograms/L) in sera from eight of 23 hypothyroid patients. In five of the hypothyroid patients examined, the concentration of hTSH beta-subunit in serum increased after administration of thyroliberin. This method may be useful in elucidating the physiological and pathological significance of the hTSH beta-subunit and in examining the function of the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Response to antitumor agents of human transplantable glioma implanted into chorioallantoic membrane of chick embryo].

In case of chemotherapy against brain tumors, it is most important to choose suitable drugs for brain tumors, since human tumors have different drug sensitivity and growth. Heretofore, the nitrosourea-induced rat glioma cell, such as C6, or immunodeficient mice were usually used for predicting the drug sensitivity of brain tumors. We took notice of Murphy's system for the chemosensitivity test, in which a human tumor is transplanted into the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of a chick embryo. By modifying the conventional Murphy's system, we studied the efficiency of this system in predicting the drug sensitivity of brain tumors. First, we compared the result of a drug sensitivity test using CAM of a chick embryo with that using nude mice. Next we studied the effect of chemotherapeutic agents against brain metastasis of a chick embryo caused by the intravenous injection of mouse B16 melanoma cells. The tumor reduction rate of the sensitivity test using a chick embryo tended to agree with that using nude mice. In the drug sensitivity test against brain metastasis, ACNU was the most effective. This result supports the result of the clinical study. In conclusion, the drug sensitivity test using a chick embryo is thought to be useful and the advantages or disadvantages of this system are discussed.

Allantois↗
PubMed1988

[Chemosensitivity test for human gliomas].

In case of chemotherapy against brain tumors, it is most important to choose suitable drugs for brain tumors, since human tumors have different drug sensitivity and growth. Heretofore, human tumor clonogenic assays or human glioma-bearing nude mice models were usually used for predicting the drug sensitivity of brain tumor. Human tumor clonogenic assays are one of the best in vitro tests for anticancer drug activity. However, plating efficiency is low, sometimes preventing evaluation of drug sensitivity, and the slow growth of colonies means that culture time is long. Assays using immunodeficient mice are used for predicting the drug sensitivity of human tumors; usually results reflect the sensitivity of the parent tumor. However, procedure using athymic nude mice are slow and expensive. We took notice of Murphy's system for the chemosensitivity test, in which a human tumor is transplanted into the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of a chick embryo, because in this system, various kinds of human tumors could be grafted in high rate. By modifying the conventional Murphy's system, we studied the efficiency of this system in predicting the drug sensitivity of brain tumors. We compared the result of a drug sensitivity test using CAM of a chick embryo with that using nude mice. First, we studied the effect of chemotherapeutic agents such as ACNU, bleomycin. Next, we studied the effect of combination treatment of CAP or CAPF. The tumor reduction rate of the sensitivity test using a chick embryo tended to agree with that using nude mice.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1988

The RNA N-glycosidase activity of ricin A-chain.

The RNA N-glycosidase activity of ricin A-chain has been characterized. When rat liver ribosomes were used as substrates, the A-chain cleaved the N-glycosidic bond at A-4324 in 28S rRNA. An apparent Michaelis constant (Km) for the reaction was determined to be 2.6 microM and the turnover number (Kcat) was 1777 min-1. When naked rRNA was the substrate, the A-chain cleaved the same bond in 28S rRNA but at a greatly reduced rate. The Km value was 5.8 microM. The results suggest that the A-chain has a similar affinity for 28S rRNA in both ribosomes and the naked states. When the deproteinized Escherichia coli rRNA was the substrates, ricin A-chain cleaved a N-glycosidic bond at A-2600 in 23S rRNA which corresponds to the ricin-site in 28S rRNA of rat liver ribosomes, while the A-chain has little activity on 23S rRNA in the ribosomes. The results suggest that ricin A-chain acts directly on RNA by recognizing a certain structure in the molecules. Using the secondary structure models for each species of rRNA, we have deduced a loop and stem structure having GAGA in the loop to be a minimum requirement for the substrate of ricin A-chain.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Chemosensitivity studies of urological malignancies].

Chemosensitivity tests to anticancer agents using human tumor clonogenic assay (HTCA), novel dye exclusion method (NDE assay), sub-renal capsule assay (SRCA), and chick embryo method (CE method) were utilized to measure the sensitivity of urological malignancies. Surgical tumor specimens from 67 patients with urological malignancies were subjected to HTCA developed by Hamburger and Salmon. An appreciable growth of colonies was obtained in 20 out of 33 renal cancers, 20 out of 30 urothelial cancers and 1 out of 4 testicular tumors examined and colonial growth adequate for chemosensitivity was obtained in 30 of the 67 patients. More than 70% decrease in the plating efficiency after anticancer drug exposure according to Von Hoff's definition, or more than 1.0 value of the "in vivo -in vitro therapeutic index" in terms of the ratio of IC90 to the peak plasma concentration of the drug tested was defined as susceptible. According to Von Hoff's definition, susceptibility to vinblastine (VBL) and cis-dichlorodiammine platinum (CDDP), was seen in 4 out of 11 patients with renal cancer, in 4 out of 15 patients with urothelial cancer and 1 out of 4 patients with renal cancer, respectively. With adriamycin (ADM) it was seen in 3 out of the 15 patients with urothelial cancer, 2 out of 10 patients with renal cancer and 1 patient with testicular tumor. According to TI, susceptibility to VBL was seen in 3 out of 7 patients with renal cancer, and with CDDP it was seen in 2 out of 12 patients with urothelial cancer, and 1 out of 2 patients with renal cancer.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗